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We conducted a survey on bone mineral density of adult males living in Japan, for the purpose of clarifying the differences in factors that affect bone mineral density among different age groups and contribute to prevention of osteoporosis. Bone mineral densities of 916 men aged 20 to 69 were measured by dual energy Xray absorptiometry and their lifestyle was examined. The relationship of bone mineral density with BMI (body mass index) and lifestyle factors was examined by applying to the mean value for each item by the unpaired t-test or oneway ANOVA. Multiple regression analysis, in which the bone mineral density was treated as the dependent variable and BMI and lifestyle factors as the independent variables, was applied to evaluate the effects of them. In the age group of 20-29 years old, BMI (p

In order to elucidate the influence of drinking water components and lifestyle on bone density, we carried out chemical analysis of the water drunk by 463 adult females (mean age: 49.9 ± 11.0 years) living in Saitama Prefecture, together with questionnaire survey and ultrasonic bone densitometry measurement. It was found that, in both pre- and post-menopausal women, the larger the body weight the higher the bone density. In the pre-menopausal group, furthermore, bone density tended to increase as the subjects did more frequently out-door activities and as Ca concentration in their drinking water was higher. In the post-menopausal women, higher bone density was associated with higher intake of milk and dairy products at present. According to statistical analysis, the factors whose correlations with bone density were greater in the order: frequency of out-door activities, Ca concentration in drinking water, and body weight for pre-menopausal women; body weight, and the consumption of milk and dairy products for post-menopausal women. Our present results indicated that, in addition to physical factors and lifestyle, Ca concentration in water was related to bone density, though only among women before menopause. In this particular area, therefore, the quality of drinking water might be an important factor which is related to bone density.

We conducted a survey on bone density of adult females living in Chichibu District, Saitama Prefecture, for the purpose of clarifying the differences in factorswhich affect bone density and contribute to prevention of osteoporosis among different age groups. Bone densities of 506 women were measured by ultrasonic bonedensitometry and their lifestyle was examined. By dividing the subjects into 5 age group, the factors associated with bone density differed among them. In the age group of 20 to 39 years old, body weight andexercise habit (at present) were significantly positively associated with bone density. In the age group of 40 to 49 years old, the positive association with body weight and exercise habit (at junior high and senior high schools) was observed. In the age group of 50 to 59 years old, bone density was significantly positively associated with regularity in menstruation and body height, and negatively with smoking habit and delivery history. In the age group of 60 years or more, body weight only was positively associated with bone density. According to the results of this study, the health education for encouraging regular exercise during the period of junior high school through up to about 40 yearsold and smoking cessation was considered to be effective for prevention of the decrease in bone density. However, it seems plausible that exercise is less effective for the individuals aged 60 or more.