1. The Global, Regional, and National Burden of Adult Lip, Oral, and Pharyngeal Cancer in 204 Countries and Territories: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
- Author
-
Cunha, Amanda Ramos da, Compton, Kelly, Xu, Rixing, Mishra, Rashmi, Drangsholt, Mark Thomas, Antunes, Jose Leopoldo Ferreira, Kerr, Alexander R., Acheson, Alistair R., Lu, Dan, Wallace, Lindsey E., Kocarnik, Jonathan M., Fu, Weijia, Dean, Frances E., Pennini, Alyssa, Henrikson, Hannah Jacqueline, Alam, Tahiya, Ababneh, Emad, Abd-Elsalam, Sherief, Abdoun, Meriem, Abidi, Hassan, Abubaker Ali, Hiwa, Abu-Gharbieh, Eman, Adane, Tigist Demssew, Addo, Isaac Yeboah, Ahmad, Aqeel, Ahmad, Sajjad, Ahmed Rashid, Tarik, Akonde, Maxwell, Al Hamad, Hanadi, Alahdab, Fares, Alimohamadi, Yousef, Alipour, Vahid, Al-Maweri, Sadeq Ali, Alsharif, Ubai, Ansari-Moghaddam, Alireza, Anwar, Sumadi Lukman, Anyasodor, Anayochukwu Edward, Arabloo, Jalal, Aravkin, Aleksandr Y., Aruleba, Raphael Taiwo, Asaad, Malke, Ashraf, Tahira, Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin, Attia, Sameh, Azadnajafabad, Sina, Azangou-Khyavy, Mohammadreza, Badar, Muhammad, Baghcheghi, Nayereh, Banach, Maciej, Bardhan, Mainak, Barqawi, Hiba Jawdat, Bashir, Nasir Z., Bashiri, Azadeh, Benzian, Habib, Bernabe, Eduardo, Bhagat, Devidas S., Bhojaraja, Vijayalakshmi S., Bjørge, Tone, Bouaoud, Souad, Braithwaite, Dejana, Briko, Nikolay Ivanovich, Calina, Daniela, Carreras, Giulia, Chakraborty, Promit Ananyo, Chattu, Vijay Kumar, Chaurasia, Akhilanand, Chen, Meng Xuan, Cho, William C. S., Chu, Dinh-Toi, Chukwu, Isaac Sunday, Chung, Eunice, Cruz-Martins, Natália, Dadras, Omid, Dai, Xiaochen, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Daneshpajouhnejad, Parnaz, Darvishi Cheshmeh Soltani, Reza, Darwesh, Aso Mohammad, Debela, Sisay Abebe, Derbew Molla, Meseret, Dessalegn, Fikadu Nugusu, Dianati-Nasab, Mostafa, Digesa, Lankamo Ena, Dixit, Shilpi Gupta, Dixit, Abhinav, Djalalinia, Shirin, El Sayed, Iman, El Tantawi, Maha, Enyew, Daniel Berhanie, Erku, Daniel Asfaw, Ezzeddini, Rana, Fagbamigbe, Adeniyi Francis, Falzone, Luca, Fetensa, Getahun, Fukumoto, Takeshi, Gaewkhiew, Piyada, Gallus, Silvano, Gebrehiwot, Mesfin, Ghashghaee, Ahmad, Gill, Paramjit Singh, Golechha, Mahaveer, Goleij, Pouya, Gomez, Ricardo Santiago, Gorini, Giuseppe, Guimaraes, Andre Luiz Sena, Gupta, Bhawna, Gupta, Sapna, Gupta, Veer Bala, Gupta, Vivek Kumar, Haj-Mirzaian, Arvin, Halboub, Esam S., Halwani, Rabih, Hanif, Asif, Hariyani, Ninuk, Harorani, Mehdi, Hasani, Hamidreza, Hassan, Abbas M., Hassanipour, Soheil, Hassen, Mohammed Bheser, Hay, Simon I., Hayat, Khezar, Herrera-Serna, Brenda Yuliana, Holla, Ramesh, Horita, Nobuyuki, Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi, Hussain, Salman, Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen, Ilic, Irena M., Ilic, Milena D., Isola, Gaetano, Jaiswal, Abhishek, Jani, Chinmay T., Javaheri, Tahereh, Jayarajah, Umesh, Jayaram, Shubha, Joseph, Nitin, Kadashetti, Vidya, Kandaswamy, Eswar, Karanth, Shama D., Karaye, Ibraheem M., Kauppila, Joonas H., Kaur, Harkiran, Keykhaei, Mohammad, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khajuria, Himanshu, Khanali, Javad, Khatib, Mahalaqua Nazli, Khayat Kashani, Hamid Reza, Khazeei Tabari, Mohammad Amin, Kim, Min Seo, Kompani, Farzad, Koohestani, Hamid Reza, Kumar, G. Anil, Kurmi, Om P., La Vecchia, Carlo, Lal, Dharmesh Kumar, Landires, Iván, Lasrado, Savita, Ledda, Caterina, Lee, Yo Han, Libra, Massimo, Lim, Stephen S., Listl, Stefan, Lopukhov, Platon D., Mafi, Ahmad R., Mahumud, Rashidul Alam, Malik, Ahmad Azam, Mathur, Manu Raj, Maulud, Sazan Qadir, Meena, Jitendra Kumar, Mehrabi Nasab, Entezar, Mestrovic, Tomislav, Mirfakhraie, Reza, Misganaw, Awoke, Misra, Sanjeev, Mithra, Prasanna, Mohammad, Yousef, Mohammadi, Mokhtar, Mohammadi, Esmaeil, Mokdad, Ali H., Moni, Mohammad Ali, Moraga, Paula, Morrison, Shane Douglas, Mozaffari, Hamid Reza, Mubarik, Sumaira, Murray, Christopher J. L., Nair, Tapas Sadasivan, Narasimha Swamy, Sreenivas, Narayana, Aparna Ichalangod, Nassereldine, Hasan, Natto, Zuhair S., Nayak, Biswa Prakash, Negru, Serban Mircea, Nggada, Haruna Asura, Nouraei, Hasti, Nuñez-Samudio, Virginia, Oancea, Bogdan, Olagunju, Andrew T., Omar Bali, Ahmed, Padron-Monedero, Alicia, Padubidri, Jagadish Rao, Pandey, Anamika, Pardhan, Shahina, Patel, Jay, Pezzani, Raffaele, Piracha, Zahra Zahid, Rabiee, Navid, Radhakrishnan, Venkatraman, Radhakrishnan, Raghu Anekal, Rahmani, Amir Masoud, Rahmanian, Vahid, Rao, Chythra R., Rao, Sowmya J., Rath, Goura Kishor, Rawaf, David Laith, Rawaf, Salman, Rawassizadeh, Reza, Razeghinia, Mohammad Sadegh, Rezaei, Nazila, Rezaei, Negar, Rezaei, Nima, Rezapour, Aziz, Riad, Abanoub, Roberts, Thomas J., Romero-Rodríguez, Esperanza, Roshandel, Gholamreza, S., Manjula, S. N., Chandan, Saddik, Basema, Saeb, Mohammad Reza, Saeed, Umar, Safaei, Mohsen, Sahebazzamani, Maryam, Sahebkar, Amirhossein, Salek Farrokhi, Amir, Samy, Abdallah M., Santric-Milicevic, Milena M., Sathian, Brijesh, Satpathy, Maheswar, Šekerija, Mario, Senthilkumaran, Subramanian, Seylani, Allen, Shafaat, Omid, Shahsavari, Hamid R., Shamsoddin, Erfan, Sharew, Mequannent Melaku, Sharifi-Rad, Javad, Shetty, Jeevan K., Shivakumar, K. M., Shobeiri, Parnian, Shorofi, Seyed Afshin, Shrestha, Sunil, Siddappa Malleshappa, Sudeep K., Singh, Paramdeep, Singh, Jasvinder A., Singh, Garima, Sinha, Dhirendra Narain, Solomon, Yonatan, Suleman, Muhammad, Suliankatchi Abdulkader, Rizwan, Taheri Abkenar, Yasaman, Talaat, Iman M., Tan, Ker-Kan, Tbakhi, Abdelghani, Thiyagarajan, Arulmani, Tiyuri, Amir, Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto, Unnikrishnan, Bhaskaran, Vo, Bay, Volovat, Simona Ruxandra, Wang, Cong, Westerman, Ronny, Wickramasinghe, Nuwan Darshana, Xiao, Hong, Yu, Chuanhua, Yuce, Deniz, Yunusa, Ismaeel, Zadnik, Vesna, Zare, Iman, Zhang, Zhi-Jiang, Zoladl, Mohammad, Force, Lisa M., and Hugo, Fernando N.
- Abstract
IMPORTANCE: Lip, oral, and pharyngeal cancers are important contributors to cancer burden worldwide, and a comprehensive evaluation of their burden globally, regionally, and nationally is crucial for effective policy planning. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the total and risk-attributable burden of lip and oral cavity cancer (LOC) and other pharyngeal cancer (OPC) for 204 countries and territories and by Socio-demographic Index (SDI) using 2019 Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors (GBD) Study estimates. EVIDENCE REVIEW: The incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) due to LOC and OPC from 1990 to 2019 were estimated using GBD 2019 methods. The GBD 2019 comparative risk assessment framework was used to estimate the proportion of deaths and DALYs for LOC and OPC attributable to smoking, tobacco, and alcohol consumption in 2019. FINDINGS: In 2019, 370 000 (95% uncertainty interval [UI], 338 000-401 000) cases and 199 000 (95% UI, 181 000-217 000) deaths for LOC and 167 000 (95% UI, 153 000-180 000) cases and 114 000 (95% UI, 103 000-126 000) deaths for OPC were estimated to occur globally, contributing 5.5 million (95% UI, 5.0-6.0 million) and 3.2 million (95% UI, 2.9-3.6 million) DALYs, respectively. From 1990 to 2019, low-middle and low SDI regions consistently showed the highest age-standardized mortality rates due to LOC and OPC, while the high SDI strata exhibited age-standardized incidence rates decreasing for LOC and increasing for OPC. Globally in 2019, smoking had the greatest contribution to risk-attributable OPC deaths for both sexes (55.8% [95% UI, 49.2%-62.0%] of all OPC deaths in male individuals and 17.4% [95% UI, 13.8%-21.2%] of all OPC deaths in female individuals). Smoking and alcohol both contributed to substantial LOC deaths globally among male individuals (42.3% [95% UI, 35.2%-48.6%] and 40.2% [95% UI, 33.3%-46.8%] of all risk-attributable cancer deaths, respectively), while chewing tobacco contributed to the greatest attributable LOC deaths among female individuals (27.6% [95% UI, 21.5%-33.8%]), driven by high risk-attributable burden in South and Southeast Asia. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this systematic analysis, disparities in LOC and OPC burden existed across the SDI spectrum, and a considerable percentage of burden was attributable to tobacco and alcohol use. These estimates can contribute to an understanding of the distribution and disparities in LOC and OPC burden globally and support cancer control planning efforts.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF