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2. Comparison of Audiovisual and Paper-Based Materials for 1-Time Informed Consent for Research in Prison: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Author

Baggio S, Gétaz L, Giraudier L, Tirode L, Urrutxi M, Carboni S, Britan A, Price RL, Wolff H, and Heller P

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Consent Forms, Cross-Sectional Studies, Delivery of Health Care, Female, Humans, Male, Informed Consent, Prisons
Abstract

Importance: Few studies are available on informed consent (IC) among detained persons, even with ethics being a critical aspect of prison research. In IC research, audiovisual material seems to improve understanding and satisfaction compared with conventional paper-based material, but findings remain unclear., Objective: To compare audiovisual and paper-based materials for 1-time general IC for research in prisons., Design, Setting, and Participants: This cross-sectional randomized clinical trial was conducted in 2 corrections facilities in Switzerland (an adult prison and a juvenile detention center). The study was conducted from December 14, 2019, to December 2, 2020, in the adult prison and from January 15, 2020, to September 9, 2021, in the juvenile detention center. In the adult prison, study participation was offered to detained persons visiting the medical unit (response rate, 84.7%). In the juvenile detention center, all newly incarcerated adolescents were invited to participate (response rate, 98.0%)., Interventions: Participants were randomized to receive paper-based conventional material or to watch a 4-minute video. Materials included the same legal information, as required by the Swiss Federal Act on Research Involving Human Beings., Main Outcomes and Measures: The main outcome was acceptance to sign the IC form. Secondary outcomes included understanding, evaluation, and time to read or watch the IC material., Results: The study included 190 adults (mean [SD] age, 35.0 [11.8] years; 190 [100%] male) and 100 adolescents (mean [SD] age, 16.0 [1.1] years; 83 [83.0%] male). In the adult prison, no significant differences were found between groups in acceptance to sign the IC form (77 [81.1%] for paper-based material and 81 [85.3%] for audiovisual material; P = .39) and to evaluate it (mean [SD] correct responses, 5.09 [1.13] for paper-based material and 5.01 [1.07] for audiovisual material; P = .81). Understanding was significantly higher in the audiovisual material group (mean [SD] correct responses, 5.09 [1.84]) compared with the paper-based material group (mean [SD] correct responses, 4.61 [1.70]; P = .04). In the juvenile detention center, individuals in the audiovisual material group were more likely to sign the IC form (44 [89.8%]) than the paper-based material group (35 [68.6%], P = .006). No significant difference was found between groups for understanding and evaluation. Adults took a mean (SD) of 5 (2) minutes to read the paper material, and adolescents took 7 (3) minutes., Conclusions and Relevance: Given the small benefit of audiovisual material, these findings suggest that giving detained adults and prison health care staff a choice regarding IC material is best. For adolescents, audiovisual material should be provided. Future studies should focus on increasing understanding of the IC process., Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05505058.

Published
2022
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5. Enhancing Aging and Ending Ageism: JAMA Network Open Call for Papers

Author

Ishani Ganguli, Sharon K. Inouye, and Elizabeth A. Jacobs

Subjects
Ageism, Publishing, 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, Aging, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), MEDLINE, medicine, Humans, General Medicine, Medical emergency, medicine.disease, Psychology
Published
2021

7. Call for Papers on Prevention and the Effects of Systemic Racism in Health

Author

Stephan D. Fihn and Frederick P. Rivara

Subjects
2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, medicine.medical_specialty, Biomedical Research, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), media_common.quotation_subject, MEDLINE, General Medicine, Racism, Health, Family medicine, medicine, Humans, Sociology, Healthcare Disparities, media_common
Published
2020

8. Climate Change and Health: JAMA Network Open Call for Papers

Author

Stephan D. Fihn and Frederick P. Rivara

Subjects
Publishing, business.industry, Climate Change, MEDLINE, Library science, Climate change, General Medicine, United States, Medicine, Humans, Periodicals as Topic, business, American Medical Association
Published
2019

9. Advancing Health and Health Care Using Machine Learning: JAMA Network Open Call for Papers

Author

Roy H. Perlis, Stephan D. Fihn, and Frederick P. Rivara

Subjects
Medical education, business.industry, 010102 general mathematics, MEDLINE, General Medicine, 01 natural sciences, Machine Learning, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Text mining, Health care, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, 0101 mathematics, business, Psychology, Delivery of Health Care, Medical Informatics
Published
2019

12. Effects of Sterilization With Hydrogen Peroxide and Chlorine Dioxide Solution on the Filtration Efficiency of N95, KN95, and Surgical Face Masks

Author

Evan L. Floyd and Changjie Cai

Subjects
2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, Materials science, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), chemistry.chemical_element, chemistry.chemical_compound, polycyclic compounds, Chlorine, Humans, Particle Size, Hydrogen peroxide, Aerosols, Chlorine dioxide, Masks, Sterilization, Correction, Oxides, Hydrogen Peroxide, General Medicine, Sterilization (microbiology), Pulp and paper industry, Quality Improvement, Face masks, Online Only, chemistry, Other, Chlorine Compounds
Abstract

This quality improvement study examines the effects of sterilization with hydrogen peroxide and chlorine dioxide on the filtration efficiency of N95, KN95, and surgical face masks.

Published
2020
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27. Development and Validation of a Smartphone Application for Neonatal Jaundice Screening.

Author

Ngeow, Alvin Jia Hao, Moosa, Aminath Shiwaza, Tan, Mary Grace, Zou, Lin, Goh, Millie Ming Rong, Lim, Gek Hsiang, Tagamolila, Vina, Ereno, Imelda, Durnford, Jared Ryan, Cheung, Samson Kei Him, Hong, Nicholas Wei Jie, Soh, Ser Yee, Tay, Yih Yann, Chang, Zi Ying, Ong, Ruiheng, Tsang, Li Ping Marianne, Yip, Benny K. L., Chia, Kuok Wei, Yap, Kelvin, and Lim, Ming Hwee

Published
2024
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