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The article describes the cases of two children in the U.S. who were infected with Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) in 2010. An 11-year-old girl was presented to a hospital with fever, headache and neck pain. She died after developing ventricular tachycardia and her autopsy showed histopathologic changes suggesting meningoencephalitis. JEV ribonucleic acid was also identified. A six-year-old boy was presented with fever, somnolence and headache. Examination showed JEV-specific immunoglobulin M and neutralizing antobodies. INSET: What is already known on the topic?.

The article presents a case study of a researcher who died from a laboratory-acquired infection with an attenuated strain of the bacterium Yersinia pestis in Chicago, Illinois in September 2009. The patient presented with fever, cough and shortness of breath. He initially received diuretics for suspected congestive heart failure and later with intravenous antibiotics for suspected infection. Gram-negative sepsis is said to be the cause of his death based on certain factors. The need for researchers to use higher level of biosafety practices is tackled. INSET: Untitled.

The article deals with the investigation conducted by the Indiana State Department of Health and the Centers for Disease Control & Prevention (CDC) into a cluster of seven idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) diagnoses in multigravid Hispanic women from 2006 to 2008. According to the article, IGM is a rare inflammatory breast lesion prevalent in women of childbearing age. Particular focus is given on the etiology of the breast masses and associated epidemiologic and clinical features. Findings from histopathologic evaluations are presented. It details the case-control study initiated to determine the possible risk factors for disease. INSET: What is already known on this topic?.