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The article presents a study on mitochondrial DNA variation as a risk factor of neuroretinal disorder (NRD) progression among HIV-positive patients. The study extracted DNA samples for genotyping and employed Cox proportional hazards model to determine the link between mitochondrial haplogroups and time to NRD. Results revealed that mitochondrial DNA variation was linked with 80% decrease in NRD progression, which implies that the genotype could influence the development of HIV-associated NRD.

The article presents a study which examines the association of mitochondrial DNA genotype with the severity of lipoatrophy in HIV-infected patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS). It mentions that the study was conducted through the analysis of 410 European American men with HIV. It was found out that the mitochondrial haplogroup is associated with the propensity of lipoatrophy.

The article studies the influence of AIDS restriction genes and haplotypes of the CCR5 P1 promoter and RANTES variants among HIV-1 infected patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study and the Multicenter Hemophilia Cohort Study. It examines a range of genes that were predicted to influence HAART through various interactions with the HIV life cycle and drug metabolism.

The article presents a study on the effect of host genetics on human immunodeficiency virus neuroretinal disorder (HIV-NRD) in patients with AIDS. It notes the loss of contrast sensitivity that is sufficient to impair reading speed. It mentions the validated AIDS restriction gene variants in evaluating the effect of host genes on HIV-NRD which has been implicated to influence HIV-1 infection, AIDS progression, therapy response, and antiviral drug metabolism.