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Abstract Background Despite the rapid scale-up of antiretroviral therapy, virologic failure has become global public health concern and challenge, especially in developing countries. Viral load monitoring is an important approach to identify treatment failure and develop public health interventions in children receiving antiretroviral therapy. Thus, this study aims to assess the magnitude and associated factors of virological failure among children on antiretroviral therapy. Methods A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 399 HIV-positive children on antiretroviral therapy from 2016 to 2019 in Bahir Dar Town public health facilities. Data were extracted from children’s charts using a standardized data extraction tool, adapted from ART intake and follow-up forms. Data were entered using Epi-Data Version 3.1, and analyzed using SPSS Version 25. Bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression models were done to identify factors associated with virological failure. Variables with p-values

Background: Despite the rapid scale-up of antiretroviral therapy, virologic failure has become global public health concern and challenge, especially in developing countries. Viral load monitoring is an important approach to identify treatment failure and develop public health interventions in children receiving antiretroviral therapy. Thus, this study aims to assess the magnitude and associated factors of virological failure among children on antiretroviral therapy. Methods: A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 399 HIV-positive children on antiretroviral therapy from 2016 to 2019 in Bahir Dar Town public health facilities. Data were extracted from children's charts using a standardized data extraction tool, adapted from ART intake and follow-up forms. Data were entered using Epi-Data Version 3.1, and analyzed using SPSS Version 25. Bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression models were done to identify factors associated with virological failure. Variables with p-values < 0.25 were fitted into the multivariable analysis. Finally, variables with p-values <0.05 were considered as statistically significant factors. Results: The period prevalence of virological failure was found to be 14.8% (95% CI: 11.5–19.3%). Opportunistic infections (AOR = 2.19, CI: 1.13–4.25), history of treatment interruption and restart (AOR = 2.21, CI: 1.09–4.54), younger age (AOR = 2.42, CI: 1.02–5.74), poor/fair ART adherence (AOR = 2.19, CI: 1.05–4.57), and advanced baseline WHO clinical staging (AOR = 2.32, CI: 1.14–4.74) were found to be factors significantly associated with virological failure. Conclusion: The magnitude of virological failure among HIV-infected children remained high. Children with poor/fair ART adherence, history of treatment interruption, advanced baseline WHO clinical staging, younger age, and opportunistic infections were significantly associated with virologic failure. Thus, special attention should be given to children who had poor/fair ART adherence and presenting with opportunistic infections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Ethiopia is among the countries with the highest neonatal mortality with the rate of 37 deaths per 1000 live births. In spite of many efforts by the government and other partners, non significant decline has been achieved over the last 15 years. Thus, identifying the prevalence and associated factors of neonatal mortality is very crucial for policy and program improvement. This study was designed to assess neonatal mortality rate in Felege Hiwot referral hospital, North West Ethiopia. Methods A hospital based chart review was done in Felege Hiwot referral hospital based on patient charts from July 2015 to June 2016. The data were collected using structured checklists. The collected data was coded, filtered and entered in to Microsoft Excel 2007 and transferred to STATA version 12.0 for analysis. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with neonatal mortality. A p - value of

Background: Ethiopia is among the countries with the highest neonatal mortality with the rate of 37 deaths per 1000 live births. In spite of many efforts by the government and other partners, non significant decline has been achieved over the last 15 years. Thus, identifying the prevalence and associated factors of neonatal mortality is very crucial for policy and program improvement. This study was designed to assess neonatal mortality rate in Felege Hiwot referral hospital, North West Ethiopia. Methods: A hospital based chart review was done in Felege Hiwot referral hospital based on patient charts from July 2015 to June 2016. The data were collected using structured checklists. The collected data was coded, filtered and entered in to Microsoft Excel 2007 and transferred to STATA version 12.0 for analysis. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with neonatal mortality. A p - value of < 0.05 was considered as significant. Results: The prevalence of neonatal mortality in Felege Hiwot referral hospital was 13.29% (95% CI: 10.09–17.07). Early age of the newborn (< 7 days) [AOR = 0.39 (0.16–0.97)], gestational age at delivery [AOR = 2.14 (1.0–4.52)], late initiation of breastfeeding [AOR = 2.89 (0.99–8.38)], non exclusive breastfeeding [AOR = 6.77 (3.04–15.07)], inadequate ante natal visit [AOR = 5.02 (1.02–24.70)] were the determinant factors for neonatal death. Conclusions: This study revealed that neonatal mortality is still high in the study area. Early age of the newborn, late initiation of breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding and ante natal vist were the determinant factors for neonatal mortality in the study area. Therefore, giving attention for newborns who are small for age, timely initiation of breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding and increasing ante natal visit were recommended to reduce neonatal mortality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]