1. Glycan Positioning Impacts HIV-1 Env Glycan-Shield Density, Function, and Recognition by Antibodies
- Author
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Qing Wei, Audra A. Hargett, Barbora Knoppova, Alexandra Duverger, Reda Rawi, Chen-Hsiang Shen, S. Katie Farney, Stacy Hall, Rhubell Brown, Brandon F. Keele, Sonya L. Heath, Michael S. Saag, Olaf Kutsch, Gwo-Yu Chuang, Peter D. Kwong, Zina Moldoveanu, Milan Raska, Matthew B. Renfrow, and Jan Novak
- Subjects
Biological Sciences ,Biochemistry ,Glycobiology ,Microbiology ,Virology ,Science - Abstract
Summary: HIV-1 envelope (Env) N-glycosylation impact virus-cell entry and immune evasion. How each glycan interacts to shape the Env-protein-sugar complex and affects Env function is not well understood. Here, analysis of two Env variants from the same donor, with differing functional characteristics and N-glycosylation-site composition, revealed that changes to key N-glycosylation sites affected the Env structure at distant locations and had a ripple effect on Env-wide glycan processing, virus infectivity, antibody recognition, and virus neutralization. Specifically, the N262 glycan, although not in the CD4-binding site, modulated Env binding to the CD4 receptor, affected Env recognition by several glycan-dependent neutralizing antibodies, and altered site-specific glycosylation heterogeneity, with, for example, N448 displaying limited glycan processing. Molecular-dynamic simulations visualized differences in glycan density and how specific oligosaccharide positions can move to compensate for a glycan loss. This study demonstrates how changes in individual glycans can alter molecular dynamics, processing, and function of the Env-glycan shield.
- Published
- 2020
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