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Brazilian government policies are leading to processes for the creation rural settlements. This paper analyses the impact of these policies on the rural habitat; for this, the administrative mesoregion of Presidente Prudente in the State of São Paulo (Brazil) has been taken as a case study. The work carried out consists of an analysis of the system of settlements in the municipalities of the region – and using as data sources the São Paulo State Land Institute Foundation and the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. The Demangeon index, a classic index to study settlement distribution, is used to compare two scenarios: the system of settlements before government intervention; and the current system of settlements considering both old and new population centres. The analysis carried out enables us to conclude that government intervention has increased the settlement dispersion. This process has been especially acute in the areas near the border with Mato Grosso do Sul and the state of Paraná. These agrarian reform areas have seen land conflicts between landowners and the Landless Workers' Movement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Settlement is one of the most incontestable geographical realities and has a clear impact on the basic territorial organisation of the state - as well as a long research tradition. However, on many occasions, its elementary cells - municipalities in the Spanish case - include an internal diversity of situations that should be thoroughly understood. The objective of this study is to establish a common protocol in Andalusia for the delimitation of municipal districts in subunits (as proposed by regional regulations). Sources of information that incorporate sub-municipal boundaries are analysed to establish a delimiting methodology based on differentiated criteria (territorial, historical, administrative, and zonal design) with the support of cartographic examples drawn at regional and municipal scales. The results speak of the diversity of possibilities that are found today in Andalusia, although they are not applicable in all cases. In the discussion, the advantages presented by this procedure are reviewed, as well as their potential for better organisation and management of territorial resources. The conclusions synthesise the main aspects addressed and open new lines of research and action for the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reconocer las transformaciones espaciales relacionadas con los comportamientos residenciales y la movilidad de la población, requiere tomar en consideración el conjunto de formas de movilidad, cualquiera sea la distancia y duración. El propósito de este trabajo es poner en evidencia las motivaciones intervinientes en los procesos de movilidad de la población observadas en un conjunto de localidades menores próximas a las rutas provinciales 11 sur y 226 del Partido de General Pueyrredon (Buenos Aires). Los datos primarios fueron obtenidos a través de la realización de noventa y ocho encuestas semi-estructuradas relevadas en las unidades espaciales que conforman el área en estudio. La selección de las unidades de muestreo se llevó a cabo a través de un método aleatorio, no probabilístico. Los resultados muestran un conjunto de disimilitudes entre los ejes de poblamiento y aun al interior de éstos, y señalan procesos de consolidación de la fragmentación socio-territorial más allá del aglomerado principal del distrito.

En este trabajo se analizan los cambios de la población de la ciudad de Mexicaii, ciudad que por razones de su evolución y efectos del medio registra un notable dinamismo territorial. Se alude primero a la dimensión histórica, para rxolicar el oraceso de oobiamienta acaecido a inicios del oresente sialo. A continuación se analizan las transformaciones , poblaciones que se han sucedido hasta la actualidad. Asimismo, en el último apartado se relaciona el cresimiento de la población con el del espacio y su importancia político-administrativa como localidad sede de la capital del estado de Baja California, y por su situación fronteriza con Estados Unidos de América. La metodología aplicada fue el modelo general de gradiente de densidad, que permite determinar dimensiones fundamentales del espacio. social y sus variaciones intraurbanas.

Recognizing the space transformations related to the residential behaviors and the mobility of the population requires taking into consideration all the mobility habits, whatever the distance and duration. The purpose of this work is to put into evidence the prevailing motivations in the processes of observed mobility of the population in a set of minor cities next to provincial routes 11th south and 226th of General Pueyrredon District (Buenos Aires Province). Primary data were collected through ninety eight semi-structured surveys carried out in the space units that comprise the study area. The selection of the sampling units was accomplished through a non probabilistic method. The results show a set of non similarities among distinctive settlement lines, and even within them, and point to processes of consolidation of the social-territorial fragmentation beyond the main district urban area.