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Little is known about the differences in feelings of poverty and social assistance receipt among the different genders of heads of Chinese Dibao families. This article makes a preliminary analysis of the feelings of Chinese female heads of Dibao families about living in poverty and depending on social assistance and compares them with those of male heads. It finds that there are gender differences in the experiences between the female and male heads of Dibao families in China. The article argues that social assistance policies should be constructed or correspondingly adjusted in a targeted manner to become gender-sensitive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With visions of a better life through transnational marriage, women immigrants are often quickly disappointed when they are faced with social isolation as a result of heavy household responsibilities. The current study investigates 506 Chinese migrant mothers living in areas of concentrated poverty in Hong Kong. Using path analysis the study examines how several exogenous variables, such as marital contentment, household finances, and social support, predict perceived integration into the host society, and how hope for a better future might mediate the relationship between these variables and perceived integration. The results of the study have implications for social service practice in low-income neighborhoods. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]