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This article is predicated on university–industry interaction as a precursor for knowledge-based economic development in Nigeria. It is a preparatory pilot study for full-fledged Ph.D. research, highlighting the collaboration within two universities and six knowledge-intensive firms. The firms are software and hardware development companies located in Maiduguri and Kano, both in Northern Nigeria. A conceptual framework was designed based on the national innovation system (NIS) to measure the intensity of the collaboration, possible innovation output and knowledge flow between the universities and industry. Findings show a limited partnership due to factors inhibiting the relationships, such as communication problems, trust issues, lack of motivation, different orientations of the organizations and different research orientations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Currently, Brazil is going through a very particular moment, in which we can recognize a paradigm shift in the role of economic actors - universities, companies and government - which are working together to generate the technological innovation necessary for the country's sovereignty. This integration is of crucial importance because although the country is responsible for a significant part of world scientific production, the transformation of knowledge into wealth has yet to achieve similar success. This article aims to discuss the context of universities-companies-government cooperation in Brazil, giving special attention to the Technology Transfer Office (TTO), established in the country under the Technological Innovation Law, which is named as Technological Innovation Nucleus (NIT). Its function is to serve as a facilitator-interface to provide corporate access to universities, and to encourage technology transfer through licensing and/or through the creation of spin-offs,. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article looks into the roles innovation intermediaries play to enhance triple helix-based innovation in Thailand from the vantage point of two multinational-dominated industries, namely, the hard disk drive and automotive industries. Innovation intermediaries generally play three important roles: a sponsoring role of making and transmitting policy across all triple helix actors; a brokering role of connecting triple helix actors at strategic levels; and a boundary-spanning role of providing technical services to all triple helix actors. Comparison of the two case studies showed the sponsoring role intermediary organizations play to be crucial for the respective industries for them to be able to engage in triple helix relationship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The incubation system is discussed in this paper as an aspect of the 'triple helix' model of innovation in which universities feature as organizational actors interfacing the public-private/voluntary sector nexus in the process of economic growth and development. Questions arise, however, as to how effectively the incubation, and indeed the triple helix, system can be implemented in developing countries as a strategy of innovation. The introduction of the incubation system in Algeria shows the difficulties involved in implementing innovation strategies based on the 'triple helix' model in developing countries in general.. It also shows the vulnerability of the triple helix model itself when one of the key actors does not possess the capability and power to play its role effectively. The paper explores the main issues and challenges to be envisaged in the course of implementation of innovation strategies based on the 'triple helix' culture.. It argues that policy in developing countries like Algeria should seek to promote learning and innovation through an effective system of interactions between and within the main components of the triple helix model, namely government, university and industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]