Search

Abstract Motor and cognitive dysfunction is intractable sequela in the acute stage of concussion. While typical concussion recovery occurs in two weeks, empirical evidence suggests that some sequela persist beyond this period, though there is inconsistency surrounding the duration the sequela persist. In part, confusion around the issue is limited by the volume of literature evaluating those with a concussion history, permitting vast interpretations of significance. The purpose of this paper is to review the concussion history literature, summarizing the long-term effects of concussion history on motor and cognitive performance. Additionally, this review intends to provide direction and options of future investigations addressing the long-term effects of concussion on motor and cognitive performance. Highlights • Age of first concussion may help explain the heterogeneity of long-term effects of concussion on cognitive performance. • Motor performance deficits may exist in retired athletes over two decades following last concussion. • Inconsistent and clinically irrelevant significant findings obfuscate any meaningful long-term effects of concussion. • Future work needs to focus on finding sensitive cognitive and motor performance evaluations that are clinically meaningful. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]