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The use of Bacillus subtilis (BS) as a probiotic in bird feed was studied through the evaluation of its effect on th e infiltration of immune cells in the ileum and cecum mucosa of chickens challenged with Salmonella Minnesota (SM). The birds were divided into three treatment groups; Negative control, containing unchallenged birds; Positive control, with SM challenged birds; and Probiotic, with SM challenged birds fed with a diet containing BS (DSM 17299 2.13 x 10 cfu/g). The birds fed BS showed increased goblet and CD4+ 6 cell counts in the ileum and cecum before being challenged with SM in comparison to the birds not fed BS. After the SM challenge, the birds fed BS showed a reduction in the Salmonella counts at 48 Post Inoculation (PI) in the cloaca and cecum swabs and in litter samples and furthermore a reduction in CD8+ cells in the cecum compared to the challenged birds. Based on the results, it is concluded that feeding BS as a probiotic to broilers reduced the Salmonella spp. counts and thus, affected the mobilization of CD4+ and CD8+ cells in the ileum and cecum mucosa.

The effect of coccidiosis vaccine route on animal development and the efficiency of different routes to protect birds against different Eimeria challenges were evaluated. 135 Isa Brown® birds were used in two experimental phases. In the first phase, the birds were distributed in three treatments: non-vaccinated, vaccinated against coccidiosis by water and vaccinated by spray. In the second phase, these birds were challenged separately with different eimeria species oocysts (E. maximum, E. acervulina, E. tenella and E. necatrix). Weight gain, relative weight of Fabricius bursa, degrees of lesions in the intestines and counting of oocysts in the coproparasitological examination were evaluated. As a result, in most cases, birds challenged with different eimeria species and vaccinated against coccidiosis, by water or spray, showed better physical conditions, mainly by: best weight gain and lower intestinal lesions scores, compared to the birds challenged and non-vaccinated. Another interesting result refers to the different vaccine routes, showing no significant difference regarding the effectiveness of the vaccine and the vaccine reaction in animals.

Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-29T08:47:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2004-01-01 The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of broiler breeder age and the dietary energy level (2,900 and 3,200 kcal ME/kg) on performance and pancreas lipase and trypsin activities of chicks during the first week of life. The birds from the older breeders had higher feed intake (P = 0.001) and weight gain (P = 0.001) than chicks from the younger broiler breeders. The pancreas enzymes activities were not affected by broiler breeder age, however it was influenced by the dietary energy level. Chicks fed diet with high energy content showed higher lipase activity than those submitted to low dietary energy level (P = 0.013) and trypsin activity was not affected by energy diet. No improvement on chicks performance was observed, suggesting that is not necessary to feed diets with high energy level during the first week of age. © Asian Network for Scientific Information, 2004. Universidade Federal do Paraná - UFPR, 80035-050 Curitiba PR Unesp, 14884-900 Jaboticabal SP Unesp, 14884-900 Jaboticabal SP

Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-29T08:47:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2003-01-01 This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of cell wall of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (CWSC) as an inhibitor of the toxic effects of ochratoxin in broilers from 1 to 42 days of age. A total of 320 broilers was distributed into four treatments with four replicates of 20 birds each: T1 - control; T2 - 0.1% CWSC; T3 - 500 ppb of ochratoxin; T4 - 0.01% CWSC + 500 ppb of ochratoxin. The parameters evaluated were feed intake; weight gain, feed conversion; relative weights of liver, kidneys and bursa of Fabricius. Ochratoxin in diet negatively affected (P > 0.05) the feed intake and weight gain when the birds were 21 and 42 days of age, and affected the feed conversion at 42 days of age. Was no interaction between CWSC and dietary ochratoxin. The CWSC improve the feed conversion of birds exposed or not to ochratoxin at 42 days of age. The ochratoxin or CWSC in diet did not affect the relative weight of organs evaluated. These results reflect that ochratoxin in the level used in diet impaired the feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion of the birds and the CWSC did not ameliorate these parameters in the presence of the ochratoxin. © Asian Network for Scientific Information 2003. Universidade Estadual Paulista Departamento de Fisiologia, Centro Politécnico/Universidade Federal do Paraná Universidade Estadual Paulista

Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-27T11:22:27Z No. of bitstreams: 0 Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-27T11:22:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2007-04-30 Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) The influences of sex and age on hematological parameters were investigated in the ring-necked pheasant. Statistical comparisons were made for differences in values between male and female, 30 adults (52 week old) and 20 juvenile birds (5 week old). A variety of blood parameters showed statistically significant age and sex related differences. Adult males had higher values for Packed Cell Volume (PCV) and juveniles lower values for PCV. Adult females had higher values for basophils, the heterophil/lymphocyte ratio and total plasma protein. Juvenile females had higher values for hemoglobin. Adults had greater White Blood Cells (WBC), heterophils, eosinophils and monocytes. Serum biochemical values (uric acid, gamma glutamyl transferase, protein, albumin and globulins) were determined in young (5 week old) ring necked pheasants. There were no differences in any of these serum parameters among juvenile males and females. © Asian Network for Scientific Information, 2007. Aluna Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária FCAV-Unesp, Jaboticabal CNPq Departamento de Patologia Veterinária FCAV-Unesp, Jaboticabal Departamento de Medicina Veterinária UFPR, Curitiba Departamento de Zootecnia UFPR, Curitiba Aluna Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária FCAV-Unesp, Jaboticabal Departamento de Patologia Veterinária FCAV-Unesp, Jaboticabal

Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-29T08:47:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2004-01-01 The objective of this study was to evaluate different programs of the vaccination against Newcastle disease in Japanese quails. Two hundred and eighty eight 5-week-old Japanese quails were distributed into six different vaccine programs: T1 - vaccinated with LaSota strain of Newcastle virus (NDV) via intraconjunctiva instillation at five weeks of age and revaccinated at 13 and 21 weeks with NDV LaSota strain via intra-conjunctiva instillation; T2 - vaccinated with NDV B1 strain via intra-conjunctiva instillation at five weeks of age and revaccinated at 13 and 21 weeks of NDV B1 strain via intra-conjunctiva instillation; T3 - vaccinated with NDV Ulster 2C strain via intra-conjunctiva instillation at five weeks of age and revaccinated at 13 and 21 weeks of age with Ulster 2C strain; T4 - vaccinated with NDV VG-GA strain via intra-conjunctiva instillation at five weeks of age and revaccinated at 13 and 21 weeks with NDV VG-GA strain via intra-conjunctiva instillation; T5 - vaccinated with NDV LaSota strain, which was inactivated and emulsified in mineral oil, subcutaneous, at five weeks of age and were not revaccinated; and T6 - not vaccinated. At 17 and 25 weeks of age, all birds were challenged with a velogenic strain of NDV and a group of specific pathogen free (SPF) broilers was used as control of the virus. Five and 14 days after challenge, tracheal and cloacal swabs were collected from each bird for virus isolation. The quails from all experimental groups did not show any clinical sign of NDV, although 100% of SPF broilers that died after the challenge showed clinical signs of Newcastle disease. NDV isolation was possible in all SPF broilers and 5 and 14 days after challenge in the nonvaccinated group of quails (T6), suggesting that quails can be NDV carriers. In the vaccinated groups, NDV was not re-isolated, demonstrating the importance of vaccination to control virus dissemination by quails infected with NDV. © Asian Network for Scientific Information, 2004. UNESP, Jaboticabal - SP UFPR, Curitiba - PR LARA, Campinas - SP UNESP, Jaboticabal - SP