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There has been an increasing trend in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in patients under 45 years of age. The aim of this study was to evaluate the burden of OSCC in the Netherlands between 1989 and 2018 among young adults (age 20 34 years) when compared to adults (age 35-44 years), and to describe the burden in older groups as well, utilizing cancer registry data to characterize incidence patterns by age, sex, and risk factors. A total of 18,963 cases of OSCC were reported. The overall incidence rate, as measured by annual percentage change (APC), increased significantly from 1989 to 2010 by 1.3% per year (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.9-1.7%) but decreased thereafter by -0.9% (95% CI -2.5% to 0.7%). Annual incidence increased significantly by 2.4% (95% CI 1.1-3.8%) for patients aged 20-34 years, while it decreased for those aged 35-44 years by -0.9% (95% CI -1.7% to 0.0%). In patients older than 60 years, incidence rates increased overall (60-74 years: APC 1.8%, 95% CI 1.5-2.1%; >= 75 years: APC 1.5%, 95% CI 1.2-1.9%). Overall, 66.5% of patients were smokers and 65.3% were alcohol consumers. The marked differences in incidence within the young age subgroups warrants further investigation to elucidate any likely disparity in biological process and clinical outcomes in these populations.

This study was designed to investigate retrospectively the incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) and the need for thromboembolism prophylaxis in patients undergoing surgery for oral and maxillofacial trauma. Data were obtained from all patients treated under general anaesthesia for maxillofacial trauma between January 2000 and January 2009 in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of the VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam. Patients' records were reviewed for complaints and information related to deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). The patients were classified according to a risk classification, and the incidence of reported DVT and PE was calculated. None of the patients received any form of thromboembolism prophylaxis. Of the 479 patients included in this study, one presented with VTE (0.2%). This male patient was treated for a panfacial trauma and was classified as high risk. From all analysed parameters only surgery time classification proved to have a significant relationship with VTE. © 2012 International Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons.

This study retrospectively investigates the incidence and risk factors for venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients undergoing maxillofacial surgery. Data were obtained from patients treated between January 2005 and June 2006. Patients' records were reviewed for complaints and information relating to deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). All patients completed a questionnaire on complaints relating to DVT and PE. The patients were classified according to risk and the incidence of reported DVT and PE was calculated. The study population comprised 411 patients with a mean age of 32 (± 17) years. The median postoperative follow-up period was 53 (23-639) days. None of the patients received thromboembolism prophylaxis. The incidence of VTE in the study group was 0.5%. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated a relationship between body mass index and hospital stay with thromboembolism (p < 0.05). Patients undergoing pre-implant surgery with bone graft proved to be at risk (p = 0.07). The incidence of VTE in oral and maxillofacial surgery seems to be low, but thromboembolism prophylaxis may be justified in patients with clear potential risk factors. © 2009 International Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons.

This study was designed to investigate the effect of compression with ice and compression alone on pain and quality of life after surgical removal of mandibular third molars. A prospective, single-blind, randomized controlled study design was chosen. Participants in group A applied 45 min of repeated compression with ice; those in group B applied 45 min of repeated compression without ice (control); and those in group C did not apply any compression. Pain intensity was measured on a visual analogue scale (VAS) three times a day for seven days. At day seven, overall pain reduction was scored on a global perceived effect (GPE) scale and a quality-of-life questionnaire was completed. Ninety-five patients completed the trial.The VAS scores demonstrated a significant pain decrease in groups A and B three days postoperatively. No significant differences were observed between groups A and B. Based on the GPE ratings, in groups A and B more patients indicated that pain was reduced successfully, but this was not statistically significant. Quality of life was significantly better for patients in groups A and B. These results demonstrate that compression after surgical removal of mandibular third molars is a valuable method for preventing pain.

There is no consensus on the use of antibiotic prophylaxis in orthognathic surgery to prevent infections. A systematic review of randomized controlled trials investigating the efficacy of antibiotic prophylaxis was performed to make evidence-based recommendations. A search of Embase, Ovid Medline, and Cochrane databases (1966-November 2012) was conducted and the reference lists of articles identified were checked for relevant studies. Eleven studies were eligible and were reviewed independently by the authors using two validated quality assessment scales. Three studies were identified to have a low risk of bias and eight studies a high risk of bias. Most studies compared preoperative and perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis with or without continuous postoperative administration. Methodological flaws in the included studies were no description of inclusion and exclusion criteria and incorrect handling of dropouts and withdrawals. Studies investigating the efficacy of antibiotic prophylaxis are not placebo-controlled and mainly of poor quality. Based on the available evidence, preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis appears to be effective in reducing the postoperative infection rate in orthognathic surgery. However, there is no evidence for the effectiveness of prescribing additional continuous postoperative antibiotics. More trials with a low risk of bias are needed to produce evidence-based recommendations and establish guidelines.