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The aim of this study was to explore whether there are gender differences in sleep and health-related quality of life in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and a matched population-based sample and to see how subjectively rated sleep is associated with actigraphy. Secondly, to explore whether factors that predict patients' sleep quality could be identified. Fifty-seven patients with stable CAD and 47 participants from a population-based sample were included. All participants completed the Uppsala Sleep Inventory (USI), the Epworth Sleepiness Scale and the SF-36. Actigraphy recordings and a sleep diary were performed for seven 24-h periods. Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that sleep duration, sleep onset latency, nocturnal awakenings, vitality (SF-36) and body mass index explained 60% of the sleep quality outcome (USI). Sleep duration, sleep efficiency and fragmentation index assessed with actigraphy and sleep diary accounted for 36% of the sleep quality outcome (diary). The result can form the basis for a non-pharmacological, self-care programme supported and led by nurses.

This study aimed at exploring and describing the self-care management strategies used by patients with coronary artery disease to facilitate sleep. Qualitative interviews in a dialogue manner, in a phenomenographic reference frame analyzed according to manifest and latent principles of qualitative content analysis, were performed. A purposeful sampling technique was used including 11 patients with coronary heart disease in a Heart Medical Unit in a general hospital setting. Two main themes were identified: 'sleep-rhythm' and 'sleep-hygiene' including four descriptive categories. The categories reveal five basic responses including emotions, cognition, physical symptoms (reactions), behaviours and/or the sleep environment, which were related to perceived or actual presence of sleep-wake problems and health that were the underlying reason for the self-care management strategies. Basically, intervention studies that address these five responses for choice of non-pharmacological methods based on cognitive behavioural therapy provided by nurses are needed.

This study evaluated self-reported subjective health and effects of sleep loss according to perceived interfering cognitive anxiety related to falling asleep in patients with and without insufficient sleep and gender differences in these aspects 5 years after coronary artery bypass graft and transluminal coronary angioplasty. A total of 145 patients, five years after intervention, responded to a mailed questionnaire. Nearly 60% had severe combined sleep disturbances; 35.9% of these had complained of insufficient sleep and 15% also perceived difficulty falling asleep related to cognitive anxiety. Measurable gender differences were small. A theoretical framework is presented which can increase understanding among nurses, patients and their relatives concerning the quality and quantity of sleep and sleep loss related to quality of life. These results suggest that there are significant relationships between sleep quality, resilience to stress and coping strategy in patients with a chronic disease, indicating the need for more individualised supportive nursing care.

The aim of this study was to explore whether there are gender differences in sleep and health-related quality of life in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and a matched population-based sample and to see how subjectively rated sleep is associated with actigraphy. Secondly, to explore whether factors that predict patients' sleep quality could be identified. Fifty-seven patients with stable CAD and 47 participants from a population-based sample were included. All participants completed the Uppsala Sleep Inventory (USI), the Epworth Sleepiness Scale and the SF-36. Actigraphy recordings and a sleep diary were performed for seven 24-h periods. Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that sleep duration, sleep onset latency, nocturnal awakenings, vitality (SF-36) and body mass index explained 60% of the sleep quality outcome (USI). Sleep duration, sleep efficiency and fragmentation index assessed with actigraphy and sleep diary accounted for 36% of the sleep quality outcome (diary). The result can form the basis for a non-pharmacological, self-care programme supported and led by nurses.

The aim of this study was to describe habitual sleep, daytime symptoms, sleep-disturbing factors, current sleep during 1 week and fatigue in patients with peritoneal dialysis treatment at home and also discover predictions for sleep quality outcome. The knowledge should increase possibilities for supportive nursing health care. Fifty-five patients answered two mailed questionnaires and filled in a sleep diary. Of these, 60% had moderate, persistent sleep problems combined with daytime symptoms. Nocturnal awakenings with difficulties falling asleep again and a sleep duration predicted as 57% of sleep quality. Nocturnal pruritus and 'difficulties finding a comfortable sleeping position' were significant sleep-disturbing factors. Sleep quality predictors means progress in knowledge about the complexity of the situation for peritoneal dialysis patients. Poor sleep, daytime symptoms, sleep-disturbing factors and chronic fatigue need to be enlightened, especially for the nephrology nurses who are in a unique position to give supportive nursing health care.