1. Structure and Functional Diversity of GCN5-Related N-Acetyltransferases (GNAT).
- Author
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Salah Ud-Din AI, Tikhomirova A, and Roujeinikova A
- Subjects
- Acetyltransferases antagonists & inhibitors, Animals, Catalytic Domain, Crystallography, X-Ray, Enzyme Inhibitors pharmacology, Histone Acetyltransferases antagonists & inhibitors, Histone Acetyltransferases chemistry, Histone Acetyltransferases metabolism, Humans, Models, Molecular, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins antagonists & inhibitors, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins chemistry, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins metabolism, Substrate Specificity, Acetyltransferases chemistry, Acetyltransferases metabolism
- Abstract
General control non-repressible 5 (GCN5)-related N-acetyltransferases (GNAT) catalyze the transfer of an acyl moiety from acyl coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) to a diverse group of substrates and are widely distributed in all domains of life. This review of the currently available data acquired on GNAT enzymes by a combination of structural, mutagenesis and kinetic methods summarizes the key similarities and differences between several distinctly different families within the GNAT superfamily, with an emphasis on the mechanistic insights obtained from the analysis of the complexes with substrates or inhibitors. It discusses the structural basis for the common acetyltransferase mechanism, outlines the factors important for the substrate recognition, and describes the mechanism of action of inhibitors of these enzymes. It is anticipated that understanding of the structural basis behind the reaction and substrate specificity of the enzymes from this superfamily can be exploited in the development of novel therapeutics to treat human diseases and combat emerging multidrug-resistant microbial infections.
- Published
- 2016
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