4 results on '"Dybiński, Olaf"'
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2. Methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol and glycerol as hydrogen carriers for direct utilization in molten carbonate fuel cells.
- Author
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Dybiński, Olaf, Milewski, Jarosław, Szabłowski, Łukasz, Szczęśniak, Arkadiusz, and Martinchyk, Alexander
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MOLTEN carbonate fuel cells , *BUTANOL , *METHANOL as fuel , *PROPANOLS , *HYDROGEN as fuel , *ETHANOL , *RENEWABLE energy sources - Abstract
This paper reports the performance of a molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) fed directly with liquid fuels referenced against results with hydrogen fuel in experiments conducted by the research team. Alcohols have greater energy density than pure hydrogen in normal conditions and, if presented as biofuels, the MCFC can be deemed a renewable energy source. For evaluation purposes various alcohols occurring in standard conditions in the liquid state were used for electricity generation in the MCFC: methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol and glycerol. Since these alcohols can be subjected to steam reforming when mixed with water in specific ratios, they can be delivered directly in the liquid state to the fuel cell, where hydrogen is released and used to produce electricity and heat. The alcohols were mixed with water in ratios of 1:2, 1:3, 1:4. The results were compared to the MCFC fed with pure hydrogen as a fuel. In terms of power referenced to hydrogen (100%), the maximums achieved were 78% for butanol, 80% for glycerol, 83% for propanol, 86% for ethanol and 93% for methanol in comparison to the same amount of hydrogen delivered to the fuel cell in ideal steam reforming situation. Threats such as carbon deposition on the fuel cell surface were also evaluated. • MCFC fed directly with various mixtures of alcohols and water have been studied. • The steam reforming of mixtures of alcohols and water generates energy. • Temperature and anode material provide the necessary conditions for steam reforming. • Maximum power compared to hydrogen fuel for various fuels ranges between 78 and 93%. • Carbon deposition in the anode channel of commercial units can be a problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Comparison of mathematical models of steam methane reforming process for the needs of fuel cells.
- Author
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Wójcik, Małgorzata, Szabłowski, Łukasz, and Dybiński, Olaf
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STEAM reforming , *SOLID oxide fuel cells , *FUEL cells , *MOLTEN carbonate fuel cells , *MATHEMATICAL models , *ELECTROCHEMICAL electrodes - Abstract
The article presents a comparison of mathematical models of steam methane reforming. The analysis is divided into two parts. The first concerns the reforming process using separate steam reformers. The second part of the article compares models of steam methane reforming processes directly inside fuel cells. Due to the fact that the steam reforming process takes place at very high temperatures, internal steam reforming can only be carried out in high temperature fuel cells. Therefore, the second part of the article deals with molten carbonate fuel cells and solid oxide fuel cells powered by methane. In the case of both of fuel cells, the methane steam reforming may take place directly on the anodes of these electrochemical devices. The mathematical models (for both external and internal reforming) were compared based on available experimental data. In this analysis of mathematical models, particular attention was paid to the causes of discrepancies between the mathematical models and the experimental data. The steam reforming process is influenced by a number of different parameters such as: temperature, ratio of the amount of water vapor to carbon contained in the fuel (steam to carbon ratio), reaction time, presence of a catalyst, type of catalyst and many others. The models presented in this article were also compared in terms of taking into account various parameters that may affect the process of steam reforming. An attempt was also made to assess the accuracy of mathematical models. Unfortunately, for most of the equations considered in this article, numerical values for inaccuracies are not given or described as acceptable or minor. • Review of mathematical models of SMR. • The kinetics models of the steam methane reforming reaction. • Description of mathematical models for the molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Recycling electronic scrap to make molten carbonate fuel cell cathodes.
- Author
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Milewski, Jarosław, Cwieka, Karol, Szczęśniak, Arkadiusz, Szabłowski, Łukasz, Wejrzanowski, Tomasz, Skibinski, Jakub, Dybiński, Olaf, Lysik, Aleksandra, Sienko, Arkadiusz, and Stanger, Pawel
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MOLTEN carbonate fuel cells , *RARE earth metals , *CATHODES , *ELECTRONIC equipment , *PRECIOUS metals - Abstract
The paper aims to examine the possibility of improving the manufacturing process for MCFC cathodes. using noble, semi-precious, and rare earth metals sourced from waste electric and electronic equipment (WEEE). As MCFC components are not particularly sensitive to ceramic and metal impurities. The addition of noble metals recovered from WEEE as catalysts are economically justifiable. The reported experimental research revealed the positive impact of MCFC cathode fabricated with 20% recycled electronic scrap. Especially the cell with powder marked as 4/1 enjoyed much better performance operating at 550 °C than the reference cell. During the operation at a temperature of 650 °C, the cell with powder marked as 4/1 has almost the same performance as the reference cell, i.e., 1.01 V OCV and power density of 0.13 A/cm2. The cell with cathode with 4/2 powder has the worst performance – current density of 0.09 A/cm2 and OCV of 0.97 V. [Display omitted] • Rare earth elements separated by positive charge contains less cerium than separated by negative charge. • The maximum current densities and Open Circuit Values are similar as reference case for maximum gas flows. • The maximum current densities and Oper Circuit Voltages are better with additives for lower operational temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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