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OBJECTIVE To investigate the placental staining pattern of fibronectin, an extracellular matrix protein essential for trophoblastic invasion, in pre-eclampsia and fetal growth restriction. METHODS This was a retrospective study conducted at the University of Udine, including the placentas of women with pre-eclampsia and fetal growth restriction collected between January 1, 2001, and December 31, 2010. Fibronectin was evaluated in placental tissue micro-array by immunohistochemistry, describing localization and intensity of staining. RESULTS The study included the placentas of 36 women with early-onset (delivery

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of tamoxifen on the endometrium of post-menopausal women with breast cancer and to examine the relationship between ultrasonography, hysteroscopy and histopathologic changes. Method: Included in this longitudinal study were 303 post-menopausal women taking 20 mg daily of tamoxifen. Hysteroscopy was performed in 83 patients with an endometrial thickness of only ≥5 mm and 34 with vaginal bleeding also. Forty-five asymptomatic patients (control group) underwent hysteroscopies. Result: The most frequent outcome in patients with endometrial thickness of only ≥5 mm was an atrophic endometrium in an empty cavity (79.5%) whereas simple hyperplasia (35.3%) was found in women with vaginal bleeding. Carcinoma was diagnosed in seven cases (5.9%). In the control group, no endometrial cancer was found. Conclusion: This study suggests that patients with a thickness >5 mm should be offered a whole hysteroscopic evaluation, whenever bleeding is reported.