1. Prevalence of group B streptococcus anogenital colonization and feasibility of an intrapartum screening and antibiotic prophylaxis protocol in Cameroon, Africa.
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Subramaniam, Akila, Blanchard, Christina T., Ngek, Ekongefeyin S.N., Mbah, Rahel, Welty, Edith, Welty, Thomas, Dionne‐Odom, Jodie, Sander, Melissa, Halle‐Ekane, Gregory, Tita, Alan T.N., Dionne-Odom, Jodie, Halle-Ekane, Gregory, and Cameroon Health Initiative
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STREPTOCOCCUS agalactiae , *ANTIBIOTIC prophylaxis , *LOW-income countries , *COLONIZATION , *DISEASE prevalence - Abstract
Objective: To evaluate group B streptococcus (GBS) colonization prevalence and feasibility of intrapartum GBS screening/antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP) in Cameroon, Africa.Methods: Prospective cohort in the Cameroon Baptist Convention Health Services network. Maternity providers collected anogenital swabs from consenting term women in labor for testing by a rapid GBS-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) system. Positive tests (GBS+) resulted in initiation of intravenous ampicillin until delivery. Primary outcomes were GBS prevalence and proportion of GBS+ women receiving ampicillin before delivery and more than 4 hours before delivery.Results: A total of 219 women were enrolled from January 10 to April 27, 2017. GBS prevalence was 12.3% (95% confidence interval [CI] 7.9-16.7) with GBS+ women more likely to reside in urban areas (19.6% vs 9.7%, P=0.004). Of 27 GBS+ women, 19 (70.4%) received ampicillin before delivery and 14 (51.9%) 4 hours or longer before delivery. A median two doses of ampicillin (interquartile range [IQR] 1-5) were given and started at a median of 105 minutes (IQR 90-155) after swab collection and 20 minutes (IQR 10-45) after GBS result. Of the 8 women who did not receive ampicillin, 7 (87.5%) delivered before test results.Conclusion: A GBS IAP protocol is feasible in Cameroon and should be evaluated for widespread implementation in Cameroon and other low-income countries to decrease GBS-related morbidity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2019
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