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WOS: 000407431100016, In the present article, seven wheat cultivars (Ahmetaga, Bezostaya, Dagdas-94, Ekiz, Karahan-99, Konya-2002, and Tosunbey) grown in Turkey were compared for their phytochemical composition, antioxidant, and enzyme inhibitory activities. Antioxidant capacities and enzyme inhibitory effects were investigated with colorimetric methods. Total phenolic content ranged from 40.71 to 86.34 mg of gallic acid equivalent/100 g wheat grain. Tosunbey (92 mg Trolox equivalent/100 g wheat grain) and Ahmetaga (114.56 mg Trolox equivalent/100 g wheat grain) cultivars exhibited strong 2,2 azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazloine-6-sulfonic acid) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging activities. As compared to other wheat cultivars, Tosunbey cultivar had remarkable both antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory effects with the highest level of phenolics. Ferulic acid, chlorogenic acid, and apigenin were the major phenolics in extracts tested. This study suggested that an increased intake of wheat derived products could represent an effective strategy for the management of oxidative stress related chronic and degenerative diseases such as Alzheimers and diabetes mellitus.

In this research, the total sugar content, fatty acid compositions, and -amylase and -glucosidase inhibitory activity of methanolic and water extracts of nine different fruit tree leaves were determined. -amylase and -glycosidase inhibitory activity were determined by using Caraway-Somogyi iodine/potassium iodide and 4-nitrophenyl--D-glucopyranoside as substrate, respectively. The total sugar content of the nine different fruit tree leaves varies from 281.02 mg GE/g (glucose equivalents) to 643.96 mg GE/g. Methanolic extract from avocado leaves had the strongest in -amylase and -glucosidase inhibitory activity, 69.21 and 96.26%, respectively. Fatty acid composition of nine fruit tree leaves was characterized by gas chromatography and 24 components were identified. Among the tested fruit tree leaves, the main component was linolenic acid (49.09%). The level of essential fatty acids are over 50% in mulberry, grape, and loquat leaves. Polyunsaturated fatty acids were the major group of fatty acids present in oils of mulberry, fig, pomegranate, grape, and loquat leaves. Therefore, these oils can be considered as a good source of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Furthermore, avocado can be regarded as a new source for diabetic therapies.