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Background Despite the etiology of Kawasaki Disease (KD) remains unknown, identifying spatiotemporal clusters of KD could support its hypothesis to be infectious disease. However, spatiotemporal clusters of KD have never been reported in South Korea. Therefore, this study aims to analyse the spatiotemporal patterns of KD in South Korea using national representative data. Methods We extracted epidemiologic-week (Epi-week) based KD case (ICD-10-CM code, M303) from 2008-2017 national health insurance service data in municipal level. To determine whether spatial autocorrelation and municipal-level clusters exist, year, sex, and age group ( Results A total of 98,503 cases of KD were reported in 2008-2017 (aged Conclusions South Korea had steady increase in KD incidence since 2008 and municipal-level clusters throughout 2008-2017. Key messages Kawasaki disease in South Korea had spatiotemporal patterns.

Background The prevalence of dementia is increasing worldwide; and dementia deaths are also increasing. In South Korea, deaths from Alzheimer's disease (AD) ranked 9th in the 2018 cause of death statistics, and the ranking has risen. Methods We collected 2009 to 2018 AD deaths and related data from Statistics Korea and Community Health Survey. SaTScan software was used for detecting and evaluating the clusters with high risk in AD deaths, and R version 4.0.3 was used for mapping and analysis of affecting factors. Results A total of 39,412 people died from AD during 10 years in Korea, 7.7 per 100,000 inhabitants. While 98.7% of deaths were above-65 age, the proportion of under 65 was also rising. The global Moran index of 10 years’ AD deaths was 0.2 (P Conclusions Some clusters of AD deaths were identified, and they were influenced by institutional factors. It is necessary that the local government considers characteristics of each region when implementing the dementia policies. Key messages AD deaths in South Korea were increasing from 2009 to 2018, and their clusters were observed in southern regions. AD deaths in 2018 were influenced by dementia-related policies.

Background Personal health behaviours, which rely on community characteristics, could affect individual vulnerability on disease infection. Due to insufficient study to examine health behaviours as risk factors of COVID-19 infection, we conducted municipal level spatial analysis to investigate association between health behaviours and COVID-19 incidence. Methods We extracted cumulative COVID-19 incidence data from January 20th 2020 to February 25th 2021, health behaviours, health condition, socio-economic factors, and covariates in municipal level from publicly available dataset. We chose variables, which were standardized, considering multicollinearity (VIF Results The mean cumulative COVID-19 incidence per 10,000 population among 229 municipality was 13.73 (Standard deviation=11.43). iCAR model (DIC=2,825.3) outperformed BYM model (DIC=14,009.4). The results of iCAR model highlighted that incidence was associated with dental hygiene practice (incidence risk ratios [IRR]=0.92, 95% Credible Interval [CI]=0.85–1.00), whether tried to be thin (IRR=1.10, 95% CI = 1.00–1.20), proportion of medical personnel (IRR=1.09, 95% CI = 1.01–1.17), and volume of public transportation (IRR=1.19, 95% CI = 1.05–1.35), even after adjusting for various confounding factors. Conclusions Municipality with lower cumulative incidence was likely to have more people who practiced to keep dental hygiene and less people who tried to be thin. Key messages Municipal level spatial analysis resulted that health behaviours were associated with COVID-19 incidence in South Korea.