5,349 results
Search Results
102. Waste <scp> Balanites aegyptiaca </scp> seed oil as a potential source for biodiesel production in the presence of a novel mixed metallic oxide catalyst
- Author
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Mohammed Al-Abri, Mahad Baawain, Myo Tay Zar Myint, Lamya Al-Haj, Mohammed Al-Riyami, Farrukh Jamil, and Ala’a H. Al-Muhtaseb
- Subjects
Biodiesel ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Chemistry ,Oxide ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,Pulp and paper industry ,Catalysis ,Metal ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Fuel Technology ,Nuclear Energy and Engineering ,visual_art ,Biodiesel production ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,Potential source ,Balanites aegyptiaca - Published
- 2020
103. Mathematical modeling of batch bioethanol generation from carob extract in the suspended‐cell stirred‐tank bioreactor
- Author
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Mustafa Germec, Mustafa Karhan, Ali Demirci, and Irfan Turhan
- Subjects
Fuel Technology ,Nuclear Energy and Engineering ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Biofuel ,Chemistry ,Bioreactor ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,Ethanol fermentation ,Pulp and paper industry ,Suspension culture - Published
- 2020
104. Application of modified Kalina cycle in biomass chp plants
- Author
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Srbislav Genić, Branislav Jaćimović, and Nikola Jaćimović
- Subjects
Rankine cycle ,Power station ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,020209 energy ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,Biomass ,02 engineering and technology ,Pulp and paper industry ,law.invention ,Fuel Technology ,020401 chemical engineering ,Nuclear Energy and Engineering ,law ,Kalina cycle ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Environmental science ,0204 chemical engineering - Published
- 2020
105. Microalgae‐microbial fuel cell ( <scp>mMFC</scp> ): an integrated process for electricity generation, wastewater treatment, <scp> CO 2 </scp> sequestration and biomass production
- Author
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Hong-Wei Yen, Adi Kusmayadi, Yoong Kit Leong, Cheng-Di Dong, Jo Shu Chang, and Chi Yu Huang
- Subjects
Fuel Technology ,Electricity generation ,Microbial fuel cell ,Nuclear Energy and Engineering ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Scientific method ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,Environmental science ,Production (economics) ,Biomass ,Sewage treatment ,Carbon sequestration ,Pulp and paper industry - Published
- 2020
106. Chemical conversion of Calophyllum inophyllum oil into bio‐hydrocarbons fuel over presulfided <scp>NiMo</scp> / <scp> Al 2 O 3 </scp> catalyst
- Author
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Dieni Mansur and Aminuddin
- Subjects
Kerosene ,biology ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Chemistry ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,biology.organism_classification ,Pulp and paper industry ,law.invention ,Calophyllum inophyllum ,Catalysis ,Diesel fuel ,Fuel Technology ,Nuclear Energy and Engineering ,law ,Chemical conversion ,Gasoline ,Distillation - Published
- 2020
107. Effects of torrefaction and water washing on the properties and combustion reactivity of various wastes
- Author
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Chia Yang Chen, Zul Ilham, and Wei Hsin Chen
- Subjects
Waste-to-energy ,Fuel Technology ,Nuclear Energy and Engineering ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Chemistry ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,Reactivity (chemistry) ,Combustion ,Torrefaction ,Pulp and paper industry ,Water washing - Published
- 2020
108. Waste activated sludge treatment in an anaerobic dynamic membrane bioreactor at varying hydraulic retention time: Performance monitoring and microbial community analysis
- Author
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Jong Hun Park, Gi-Beom Kim, Sang Hyoun Kim, Gopalakrishnan Kumar, and Roent Dune A. Cayetano
- Subjects
Hydraulic retention time ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,Membrane bioreactor ,Pulp and paper industry ,Methane ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Fuel Technology ,Nuclear Energy and Engineering ,chemistry ,Microbial population biology ,Performance monitoring ,Anaerobic exercise ,Activated sludge system - Published
- 2020
109. Preparation of activated biomass carbon from pine sawdust for supercapacitor and CO 2 capture
- Author
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Cui Quan, Ruirui Su, and Ningbo Gao
- Subjects
Supercapacitor ,Materials science ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Pine sawdust ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,02 engineering and technology ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Pulp and paper industry ,01 natural sciences ,Biomass carbon ,0104 chemical sciences ,Fuel Technology ,Nuclear Energy and Engineering ,0210 nano-technology - Published
- 2020
110. The study of optimal parameters of <scp>oxygen‐enriched</scp> combustion in fluidized bed with optimal torrefied woody waste
- Author
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Wei Chieh Kuo and Yueh Heng Li
- Subjects
Taguchi methods ,Fuel Technology ,Nuclear Energy and Engineering ,Oxygen deficient ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Fluidized bed ,Biochar ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,Environmental science ,Torrefaction ,Combustion ,Pulp and paper industry - Published
- 2020
111. Identification of new critical points for logistics model in cumulative methane yield curves after co‐digestion of apple pulp and chicken manure with sulphuric acid pretreatment and a new modelling study
- Author
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Halil Şenol, Giresun Üniversitesi, Mühendislik Fakültesi, Genetik ve Biyomühendislik Bölümü, Şenol, Halil, and Fakülteler, Mühendislik Fakültesi, Genetik ve Biyomühendislik Bölümü
- Subjects
Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Chemistry ,chicken manure ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,sulphuric acid ,pretreatment ,Pulp and paper industry ,apple pulp ,Methane yield ,sulphuric acid pretreatment ,Fuel Technology ,Nuclear Energy and Engineering ,Chicken manure ,Co digestion ,new critical points ,logistic model ,methane yield ,Apple pulp - Abstract
WOS: 000520732400001 In this study, anaerobic co-digestion of apple pulp (AP) with high carbon content and chicken manure (CM) with high nitrogen content was evaluated with regard to sulphuric acid pretreatment conditions in the concentration range of 1%-6% v/v. The best mixing ratio of CM:AP was determined as 3:1 w/w under untreated conditions for which the methane yield was 255.88 +/- 11.55 mL/g VS (volatile solid). Sulphuric acid pretreatments were applied to this mixture ratio. The highest methane yield after pretreatment was 466.01 +/- 10.85 mL/g VS in the reactor, where the sulphuric acid pretreatment concentration was 3.0% v/v. Control of acid pretreatment results were achieved by analysis of lignocellulosic degradation and increase in soluble chemical oxygen demand. The highest cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin degradation after pretreatment were 27.5% +/- 1.4%, 35.9% +/- 2.9% and 14% +/- 1.5% w/w, respectively. The cumulative methane yields (CMY) were analysed by the modified logistic model, modified Bertalanffy model (MBM), modified Gompertz model (MGM) and modified Holling model (MHM). The MBM and MGM were found to fit the experimental data better than other models. The MHM has not previously been applied to CMY. In addition to the kinetic studies, new critical points for CMYs were identified in the logistics model (lm). The importance and critical properties of these points with regard to CMY are introduced. The differences and superior properties of these critical points compared to other modelling methods are discussed.
- Published
- 2020
112. Intensification of biogas production using various technologies: A review
- Author
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Monika Harnisz, Ewa Korzeniewska, Izabela Koniuszewska, and Małgorzata Czatzkowska
- Subjects
Anaerobic digestion ,Fuel Technology ,Methane fermentation ,Nuclear Energy and Engineering ,Biogas ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,Environmental science ,Pulp and paper industry ,Biogas production - Published
- 2020
113. Performance and economic investigation of a combined phosphoric acid fuel cell/organic Rankine cycle/electrolyzer system for sulfuric acid production; Energy‐based organic fluid selection
- Author
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Ighball Baniasad Askari and Saber Sadeghi
- Subjects
Organic Rankine cycle ,Electrolysis ,Hydrogen ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Sulfuric acid ,Pulp and paper industry ,law.invention ,Organic fluid ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Fuel Technology ,Nuclear Energy and Engineering ,chemistry ,law ,Phosphoric-acid fuel cell ,Production (economics) ,Environmental science ,Selection (genetic algorithm) - Published
- 2020
114. Co‐torrefaction followed by co‐combustion of intermediate waste epoxy resins and woody biomass in the form of mini‐pellet
- Author
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Wei Hsin Chen and Chia Yang Chen
- Subjects
Fuel Technology ,Materials science ,Nuclear Energy and Engineering ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,visual_art ,Pellet ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,Biomass ,Epoxy ,Pulp and paper industry ,Combustion ,Torrefaction - Published
- 2020
115. Synthesis and characterization of monk fruit seed ( Siraitia grosvenorii )‐based heterogeneous acid catalyst for biodiesel production through esterification process
- Author
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Siew Hoong Shuit, Chee Keen Leong, Kam Huei Wong, Steven Lim, and Yean Ling Pang
- Subjects
Biodiesel ,Fuel Technology ,Nuclear Energy and Engineering ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Chemistry ,Biodiesel production ,Scientific method ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,Siraitia grosvenorii ,Heterogeneous catalysis ,Pulp and paper industry ,Catalysis - Published
- 2020
116. Post-COVID-19 and globalization of oil and natural gas trade: Challenges, opportunities, lessons, regulations, and strategies
- Author
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Nima Norouzi
- Subjects
Commodity ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,International trade ,natural gas market ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Globalization ,energy charter treaty ,Energy market ,energy systems ,Review Papers ,oil economy ,Energy carrier ,Review Paper ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,business.industry ,Fossil fuel ,petroleum products ,petroleum industry ,Renewable energy ,world trade organization ,Fuel Technology ,Nuclear Energy and Engineering ,chemistry ,Petroleum industry ,Petroleum ,Business - Abstract
Summary The Coronavirus (COVID‐19) outbreak hit the global economy like a tsunami. Every aspect of human society, including the energy industry and market, is affected by this pandemic. The pandemic has affected prices, demand, supply, investment, and several other aspects of the energy sector, including the oil and gas industry. This article is aimed to analyze the impacts of COVID‐19 on the oil and gas industry and give a perspective of the post‐COVID‐19 oil and gas market. Results of this article show that COVID‐19 impacts the oil and gas industry. The short‐term impact is nearly 25% decrease in petroleum consumption, slowly recovering to its former amount and even growing more. The long‐term impacts are the 30% to 40% decrease in the CAPEX and R&D investments over the oil and gas market, which is a regional scale in the United States, caused oil exploitation projects to decrease from more than 800 in 2019 to 265 in 2021. And it is predicted to reduce the competitiveness of oil and gas vs other energy carriers such as ever price‐decreasing renewable energies. Thus, the oil and gas industry has to change rapidly before losing a substantial energy market share. Finally, this article discusses acknowledging oil and gas trade as a part of World trade organization (WTO/ECT) regulations. And considering it a general energy commodity. An act that reduces the freedom of action of oil‐exporting governments and great oil cartels and protects their interests in a globalizing competitive energy market.
- Published
- 2021
117. Techno‐economic assessment on the implementation of biomass gasifier in conventional parboiling rice mills
- Author
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W. Beno Wincy and M. Edwin
- Subjects
Biomass gasifier ,Fuel Technology ,Nuclear Energy and Engineering ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,Techno economic ,Environmental science ,Biomass ,Parboiling ,Pulp and paper industry ,Economic parameters - Published
- 2019
118. Effects of Fe 3 O 4 on the pyrolysis products of rubber seed oil at high temperatures
- Author
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Qi Xianjin, Shiwei Zhou, Shuoyao Zhang, Bo Li, Yonggang Wei, and Hua Wang
- Subjects
Cracking ,Fuel Technology ,Nuclear Energy and Engineering ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Chemistry ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,Rubber seed oil ,Pulp and paper industry ,Pyrolysis - Published
- 2019
119. Optimal integration of a biomass‐based polygeneration system in an iron production plant for negative carbon emissions
- Author
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Aristotle T. Ubando, Salman Raza Naqvi, Wei Hsin Chen, and Raymond R. Tan
- Subjects
Fuel Technology ,Nuclear Energy and Engineering ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Greenhouse gas ,Biochar ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,Environmental science ,Biomass ,Iron production ,Pulp and paper industry ,Pyrolysis - Published
- 2019
120. Design of a Charging Station for Electric Vehicles Based on a Photovoltaic-Biodiesel Hybrid Renewable Energy System Combined with Battery Storage.
- Author
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Bdour, Mathhar, Al-Masri, Hussein M. K., Al-Addous, Mohammad, Al-Quraan, Ayman, Al-Khasawneh, Yaqoub, Bodoor, Mu'men, and Otoom, Mahmood
- Subjects
ELECTRIC vehicle charging stations ,HYBRID electric vehicles ,ELECTRIC vehicles ,RENEWABLE energy sources ,HYBRID systems ,ENERGY industries ,PETROLEUM waste ,HYBRID power systems - Abstract
The rapid deployment of electric vehicles (EVs) in Jordan requires massive efforts to prepare the infrastructures that serve the transportation sector. The lack of EV charging stations is the major obstacle that faces EV drivers. Utilizing renewable energy in EV charging stations contributes to the spread of these stations. Renewable energy technologies are environmentally friendly as they mitigate greenhouse gases that cause the global warming phenomenon. In this paper, an EV charging station, based on a PV-biodiesel-battery hybrid system, is investigated. The importance of this article is to discuss the hybrid system of PV and waste vegetable oil (WVO) along with storage that applies the maximum reliability supply, having an environmentally friendly supply and achieving the lowest energy cost of charging. This station is designed based on renewable and WVO utilization. In fact, WVO, coming from restaurants, is exploited to produce electricity by a diesel generator through direct burning after converting it into biodiesel. The capacity of each station is 14 cars/day with a medium-speed charger of 7 kW. The system is simulated and optimized using iHOGA software where multiobjective optimization is applied to achieve the minimum net present cost (NPC) and CO
2 emissions considering three cases, PV-diesel, PV-biodiesel, and PV-WVO, all with battery-hybrid system. These values for the EV charging station that uses the PV-biodiesel-battery hybrid system are 624408 € and 15.4 tons/year, respectively. The corresponding values are 781473 € and 15.14 tons/year and 615310 € and 18.84 tons/year for the systems that work with diesel and WVO, respectively, and energy cost is achieved in best solution to be 0.11 Euro/kWh. Simulation results show that the proposed technique led to enhanced operational efficiency in terms of both NPC and annual CO2 emissions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
121. Operation Scheduling of Distribution Network with Photovoltaic/Wind/Battery Multi-Microgrids and Reconfiguration considering Reliability and Self-Healing.
- Author
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Kalantari, Alireza and Lesani, Hamid
- Subjects
RENEWABLE energy sources ,ANT lions ,SWITCHING systems (Telecommunication) ,ENERGY dissipation ,NETWORK performance - Abstract
In this paper, a new simultaneous framework of distribution network operation is proposed based on the scheduling of photovoltaic/wind/battery multi-microgrids with network reconfiguration considering self-healing. The objective function is considered to minimize the energy losses, and multi-microgrids cost and improve the reliability indices including minimization of energy not-supplied (ENS) and minimizing system average interruption duration (SAIDI) and system average interruption frequency (SAIFI) indices. The optimization variables are defined as the situation of the distribution network switches to find the network's optimal configuration with the installation location and size of renewable resources and battery energy storage during 24 hours. An improved beluga whale optimization (IBWO) based on a nonlinearly diminishing inertia weight (NDIW) approach is used to find the optimal variable set of the problem. The recommended methodology is implemented on 33-bus and real 59-bus distribution networks. The results demonstrated that by obtaining an optimal state of the network switches in the event of a fault, as well as the optimal scheduling of the two microgrids, the energy losses have decreased and the reliability indices have improved. The outcomes of the proposed methodology based on the hybrid multi-microgrid allocation and network reconfiguration are stated that the losses, ENS, SAIDI, and SAIFI are reduced by 66.39%, 54.00%, 50.24%, and 33.61%, respectively, for 33-bus network and are declined by 65.29%, 57.44%, 48.63%, and 62.33%, respectively, for the real 59-bus Ahvaz network in comparison with the base network. The obtained results illustrated that in the condition of the network line outage, by simultaneously implementing the reconfiguration with the change of network switches and the optimal allocation and scheduling of HMGs in the network, self-healing is provided to prevent a significant weakening of the network performance so that the resilience is improved in addition to minimizing the energy losses and the cost of HMG energy injection compared to the base network. The findings revealed that the objectives including losses, ENS, SAIFI, and SAIDI are increased by 78.29%, 33.00%, 83.33%, and 35.11%, respectively, due to outage of line 22 of the 33-bus network and these objectives are increased by 52.32%, 10.30%, 32.29%, and 79.66%, respectively, due to outage of line 12 of the 59-bus network compared with not considering the line outage. Moreover, the superior capability of the recommended NDIW-based IBWO has been confirmed in comparison with the well-known particle swarm optimizer (PSO) and ant lion optimizer (ALO) in solving the problem to achieve better objective value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
122. A Review on Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Technology: An Efficient Energy Conversion System.
- Author
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Talukdar, Amit, Chakrovorty, Amrit, Sarmah, Pranjal, Paramasivam, Prabhu, Kumar, Virendra, Yadav, Surendra Kumar, and Manickkam, Sathiyamoorthy
- Subjects
FUEL cells ,SOLID oxide fuel cells ,ENERGY conversion ,HYDROGEN economy ,FOSSIL fuels ,RESEARCH personnel ,CARBON emissions - Abstract
The increasing global dependence on fossil fuels for energy has prompted researchers to explore alternative power generation sources that offer higher efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and low environmental impact. Developed countries have been making continuous efforts to reduce their reliance on depleting fossil fuel sources to curb carbon emissions. As a result, hydrogen has gained significant attention among researchers as a potential future fuel that meets all the necessary criteria. Many countries aiming for a hydrogen economy have invested in research on fuel cells. Among various fuel cells, the solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) has emerged as a commercially viable power source at a small scale. This paper provides an extensive review of the components, materials, design, operation, and integration strategies of SOFCs with existing thermal-based power plants. The performance and prospects of various SOFCs in standalone and hybrid modes are summarized, along with the limitations. Additionally, the research and commercialization efforts that can enhance the potential applications of SOFCs as a sustainable and reliable system in the long term are outlined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
123. Machine Learning Algorithms for Predicting Energy Consumption in Educational Buildings.
- Author
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Elhabyb, Khaoula, Baina, Amine, Bellafkih, Mostafa, and Deifalla, Ahmed Farouk
- Subjects
MACHINE learning ,ENERGY consumption of buildings ,ENERGY consumption ,STANDARD deviations ,CONSUMPTION (Economics) ,COMMERCIAL buildings ,INTELLIGENT buildings ,RANDOM forest algorithms - Abstract
In the past few years, there has been a notable interest in the application of machine learning methods to enhance energy efficiency in the smart building industry. The paper discusses the use of machine learning in smart buildings to improve energy efficiency by analyzing data on energy usage, occupancy patterns, and environmental conditions. The study focuses on implementing and evaluating energy consumption prediction models using algorithms like long short-term memory (LSTM), random forest, and gradient boosting regressor. Real-life case studies on educational buildings are conducted to assess the practical applicability of these models. The data is rigorously analyzed and preprocessed, and performance metrics such as root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) are used to compare the effectiveness of the algorithms. The results highlight the importance of tailoring predictive models to the specific characteristics of each building's energy consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
124. Analysis of State-of-Health Estimation Approaches and Constraints for Lithium-Ion Batteries in Electric Vehicles.
- Author
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Vaghela, Rohan, Ramani, Pooja, Sarda, Jigar, Kueh Lee Hui, and Sain, Mangal
- Subjects
ELECTRIC vehicle batteries ,LITHIUM-ion batteries ,ELECTRIC power distribution ,SCIENTIFIC literature ,ENERGY storage - Abstract
Energy storage systems (ESS) are seeing rapid market growth due to the changing worldwide landscape of electricity distribution and consumption. An ESS must possess the capability to oversee the functioning of the system's modules under abnormal circumstances, while also having the ability to supervise, manage, and optimize the performance of one or more battery modules. At present, the condition of batteries is assessed based on two factors: the level of charge (SOC) and the overall condition (SOH). By using these two characteristics, it becomes feasible to compute the anticipated battery lifespan and evaluate a battery's efficiency. The assessment of SOH is a crucial determinant in guaranteeing the effectiveness, dependability, and security of batteries in electric vehicles (EVs). Nevertheless, the safety issues resulting from the imprecise estimation and forecasting of battery health status have garnered significant attention in academic circles. This study presents a comprehensive evaluation of several SOH monitoring techniques. In order to achieve this objective, various scientific and technical literatures are examined and the corresponding methodologies are categorized into distinct groupings. The groupings are categorized based on the manner in which the procedure is executed: methods and techniques used in experiments and models. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the benefits and drawbacks of several SOH assessment and prediction techniques, along with the associated obstacles in SOH estimation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
125. Displacement Mechanism and Flow Characteristics of Polymer Particle Dispersion System Based on Capillary Bundle Model.
- Author
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Yingfei Sui, Chuanzhi Cui, Yidan Wang, Shuiqingshan Lu, and Yin Qian
- Subjects
POLYMERS ,BIOMECHANICS ,PETROLEUM reservoirs ,DISPERSION (Chemistry) ,ERYTHROCYTES ,CAPILLARIES ,DISPLACEMENT (Mechanics) - Abstract
During the development of oil reservoirs, a rapid increase in water cut following reservoir flooding leads to inefficient or ineffective circulation of injected water, rendering a significant portion of the remaining oil in the reservoir inaccessible. The displacement method using polymer particle dispersion systems effectively solves the issue of rapid water breakthrough in oil reservoirs. Owing to the particle phase separation phenomenon, polymer particles can selectively penetrate into the larger pores where water circulation is inefficient, enhance their flow resistance, and thereby achieve equilibrium displacement along with an increased swept volume. This paper investigates the heterogeneous distribution of polymer particles within a porous medium, incorporates the red blood cell dendrite concentration distribution theory from biological fluid mechanics, and develops a mathematical model to delineate the viscosity characteristics of polymer particle dispersion systems, taking into account the phase separation phenomenon. Building on this foundation, it formulates a capillary bundle model for the polymer particle dispersion system specifically designed for oil displacement and proceeds to determine its relative permeability curve. Simulation outcomes reveal that at a water saturation level of 0.063, the concentration of polymer particles in fractured large pore capillaries is markedly elevated, yet capillaries with a pore size under 26 µm remain devoid of polymer particles. With the increase of water saturation, the concentration of polymer particles in large pore capillaries reduces, whereas it progressively augments in medium pore capillaries. Upon reaching a peak water saturation of 0.751, capillaries smaller than 18 µm are entirely free of polymer particles. These findings suggest that the heterogeneous distribution of polymer particles markedly inhibits the percolation capabilities of the dispersed system following a water phase breakthrough, facilitating the entry of more dispersion into oil-laden capillaries and thus enhancing the flow capacity of the oil phase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
126. CFD Applications to Pressurized Thermal Shock-Related Phenomena.
- Author
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Okagaki, Yuria, Hibiki, Takashi, and Sibamoto, Yasuteru
- Subjects
THERMAL hydraulics ,THREE-dimensional flow ,SINGLE-phase flow ,TWO-phase flow ,LARGE eddy simulation models ,FLOW simulations ,PRESSURIZED water reactors - Abstract
In pressurized water reactor accident scenarios, the injection of water from the emergency core cooling system (ECCS) (ECC injection) might induce a pressurized thermal shock (PTS), affecting the reactor pressure vessel (RPV) integrity. Therefore, PTS is a vital research issue in reactor safety, and its analysis is essential for evaluating the integrity of RPVs, which determines the reactor life. The PTS analysis comprises a coupled analysis between thermal–hydraulic and structural analyses. The thermal–hydraulic approach is particularly crucial, and reliable computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulations should play a vital role in the future because predicting the temperature gradient of the RPV wall requires data on the transient temperature distribution of the downcomer (DC). Since one-dimensional codes cannot predict the complex three-dimensional flow features during ECC injection, PTS is one reactor safety issue where CFD simulation can benefit from complement evaluations with thermal–hydraulic system analysis codes. This study reviewed from the viewpoint of the turbulence models most affecting PTS analysis based on papers published since 2010 on single- and two-phase flow CFD simulation for the experiment on PTS performed in the Rossendorf coolant mixing model (ROCOM), transient two-phase flow (TOPFLOW), upper plenum test facility (UPTF), and large-scale test facility (LSTF). The results revealed that in single-phase flow CFD simulation, where knowledge and experience are sufficient, various turbulence models have been considered, and many analyses using large eddy simulation (LES) have been reported. For two-phase flow analysis of air–water conditions, interface capturing/tracking methods were used in addition to two-fluid models. The standard k – ε and shear stress transport (SST) k – ω models were still in the validated phase, and various turbulence models have yet to be fully validated. In the two-phase flow analysis of steam–water conditions, many studies have used two-fluid models and Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stoke (RANS), and NEPTUNE_CFD, in particular, has been reported to show excellent prediction performance based on years of accumulated validation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
127. A Development of Seismic Fragility Curve of Box-Type Squat Shear Walls Using Data-Driven Surrogate Model Techniques.
- Author
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Lee, Sangwoo, Kwag, Shinyoung, and Ju, Bu-seog
- Subjects
SQUAT (Weight lifting) ,NUCLEAR accidents ,SHEAR walls ,NUCLEAR power plants ,KRIGING ,SEISMIC networks ,INFRASTRUCTURE (Economics) ,WALLS ,SUPPORT vector machines - Abstract
Recent experience with the strongest earthquakes greater than magnitude 5.4 in Korea leads to public interest in the safety and resilience of critical infrastructures. There are many nuclear power plants near the epicenters of the earthquakes. Nuclear power plants are essential infrastructures that provide stable and enough energy for human life, and simultaneously, control systems for the safety and security of nuclear power plants are critical due to the risk of nuclear accidents on public health and the environment. The nuclear area uses probabilistic risk assessment to estimate the risk of structures, systems, and components in nuclear power plants, and the evaluation of the fragility curve is a key process for probabilistic risk assessment. The challenges of a seismic fragility analysis lie in estimating the influence of various uncertainties in material, geometry, and earthquake and improving the existing fragility analysis methods, which require time-consuming nonlinear time history analysis. Thus, this paper conducts a multivariate seismic fragility analysis using surrogate models for reinforced concrete squat shear walls and proposes a simplified closed form equation for a chosen surrogate seismic demand model. The surrogate models are trained and validated by several approaches: response surface method, support vector machine, Gaussian process regression, and neural network. In addition, a correlation analysis is used to evaluate the relative importance of the variables to the seismic demand to simplify the surrogate model further. Finally, simplified surrogate models based on the importance of the variables are proposed as closed form of polynomials, and the performance of these models on the fragility analysis is evaluated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
128. Heat Transfer Performance Tests of a Circular-Fin Sodium-to-Air Heat Exchanger for Sodium-Cooled Fast Reactors.
- Author
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Lee, Jewhan, Kim, Dehee, Eoh, Jaehyuk, and Kim, Hyungmo
- Subjects
FAST reactors ,HEAT exchangers ,HEAT transfer ,HEAT storage ,SOLAR thermal energy ,LIQUID sodium - Abstract
Shell and tube-type crossflow heat exchangers with circular fins are widely used in various industries, including nuclear power plants. This study focuses on the sodium-to-air heat exchanger, which is one of the key safety features in sodium-cooled fast reactors. Tube alignment inside the heat exchanger is important because it directly determines the performance. Although heat exchangers are generally designed to have staggered tube alignment, inevitable inline-aligned zones exist. Therefore, this paper proposes a hybrid tube alignment modeling approach that considers both staggered and inline tube heat transfer phenomena. The results of the hybrid model calculations are verified and validated with liquid sodium experiments. The hybrid approach to the tube arrangement reduced the temperature deviation between experimental and calculated values to a difference of 4.55% and 7.38% for both sodium and air sides, respectively, while for the heat transfer, the difference was 15.12% and 9.06% for sodium and air sides, respectively. The results of this study can also be used as a basis for the safety evaluation of nuclear reactors and licensing processes for sodium-cooled fast reactors. In addition, this study is limited not only to sodium heat exchangers but also to any serpentine tube arrangement or crossflow heat exchanger under high-temperature systems, such as concentrated solar power and thermal energy storage industries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
129. Technoeconomic Analysis of a Wind Power Generation System and Wind Resource Mapping Using GIS Tools: The Case of Twelve Locations in the Commune of Evodoula, Cameroon.
- Author
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Koung, Vincent De Paul Igor Essouma, Menga, Francis Daniel, Bonoma, Beguide, Nsouandele, Jean Luc, and Mouangue, Ruben Martin
- Subjects
WIND power ,GEOGRAPHIC information systems ,WIND forecasting ,WIND power plants ,ELECTRIC power production ,ENERGY development - Abstract
This paper performs a technoeconomic analysis of the wind power potential and evaluates the cost of wind power generation in Evodoula, comparing two methods, the conventional method and the uncertainty method based on a comparative spatiotemporal approach using the geographic information system (GIS) software tool. This study is based on satellite wind data measured at 10 m above ground level (AGL) over a 40-year period (1980-2019), by the meteorological service NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration)/Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). The main objectives are to obtain an appropriate design for a proven optimal location and to assess the viability of wind power at Evodoula. For this type of study, there is little literature available. The optimization of an onshore wind farm and deployment in the wind energy development interest area (ZIDEE) is carried out to obtain a minimum and parsimonious discounted cost production unitary (CPU) of the electricity produced. The results showed that in Okok, a location with a large energy deficit, an onshore wind farm with an electricity generation capacity of 12.5 MW with 5 NORDEX N100-2.5MW wind turbines would have a total energy production (TEP) of about 64.0254825 TWh and a selling price of electricity that would be 0.0034 CAD$/kWh, which is very low compared to the utility price (about 98% cheaper). The total cost of the wind farm would be about $11 million, with a net present cost of about $218 million. The annual profit generated by the wind farm would be over $6 billion. The return on investment (ROI) of the project is estimated at 2880.882%. The constructed onshore wind farm would avoid CO
2 emission at over 11 Mt CO 2 , eq /year as the energy generated is from the atmosphere. The wind farm would realize an average annual cash flow estimated at nearly $30 million after 20 years of operation. These savings would allow the installation of CO2 capture systems in conventional power plants. In addition, the analysis of uncertainties and risks was identified and quantified to estimate the confidence levels of the project development results. The risks have been assessed, and we recommend that the total uncertainty of the project is around 15%. The energy values in P 75 and P 90 are 10.08% and 19.22%, respectively, lower than the energy value in P 50 of 11.60 GWh/An. Finally, the main policy recommendations for an inclusive design process are highlighted. The contribution of this study is to assist policy makers in making appropriate decisions in the development and implementation of energy and environmental policy in Cameroon and in many continental areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
130. A Multisource Uncertainty Fusion Reliability Evaluation Method for the Control Rod Drive Mechanism of Nuclear Power Plants.
- Author
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Gao, Zhihu, Sun, Bo, Wu, Zeyu, Xi, Yang, Feng, Qiang, Wang, Zili, Zhou, Yeli, Pan, Junlin, and Xu, Jiankun
- Subjects
CONTROL elements (Nuclear reactors) ,NUCLEAR power plants ,PRESSURIZED water reactors ,BAYESIAN analysis ,PROBABILITY density function ,WATER power - Abstract
The reliability of a pressurized water reactor power plant's control rod drive mechanism (CRDM) is affected by many factors, such as operation states, unit performance, and dynamic environments. Multiple sources of uncertainties, including random, interval, and fuzzy, exist when analyzing the reliability of CRDMs. Modeling reliability without considering the fusion of multisource uncertainties may result in model distortion and may not provide realistic assessment results. This paper proposes a multisource uncertainty fusion method powered by the margin-based variable transformation and the Bayesian network propagation. The interval and fuzzy variables are transformed into random variables to obtain the corresponding generalized probability density function of the CRDM's feature parameters. After that, the CRDM's reliability can be evaluated via probability quantization of the Bayesian network inference result through sampling algorithms. A magnetic-jack type CRDM case is presented to verify the proposed method, and the results show that this method can fuse three types of uncertainty variable in a unified way and effectively obtain reliability evaluation results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
131. Theoretical Analysis of the Power Performance of a Monostable Galloping-Based Piezoelectric Energy Harvester.
- Author
-
Zhang, Lu, Lan, Chunbo, Lu, Fangjie, and Lu, Yang
- Subjects
ENERGY harvesting ,IMPEDANCE matching ,WIND speed ,MATCHING theory ,WIND power - Abstract
In the past few years, different kinds of structural nonlinearities, such as external magnetic interaction and multistable structures, have been introduced into galloping energy harvesters to enhance energy harvesting efficiency. However, since the galloping-based piezoelectric energy harvester (GPEH) is a self-excited system, the conventional impedance matching method that is widely used in vibration energy harvesters is no longer valid for it. Therefore, the power characteristics of the nonlinear GPEH are still an open question to be solved. To this end, this paper is motivated to derive the approximate analytical solution of a monostable galloping-based piezoelectric energy harvester through the harmonic balance method and impedance matching theory. The analytical maximum power, power limit, and critical electromechanical coupling are studied from the perspective of the influence of structural nonlinearity on the power performance. Firstly, the approximate analytical solutions of output power, power limit, optimal resistance, and critical electromechanical coupling coefficient are derived. The accuracy of the analytical solution is verified by numerical simulation. It is found that the influence of structural nonlinearity on the power characteristics of the nonlinear GPEH is quite different under different wind speeds. After that, the power characteristics of the system under different wind speeds and different coupling conditions are investigated. The results showed that the maximum power of the system can be increased by introducing stiffness nonlinearity under low wind speed and weakly coupled configuration. Even more, the system can be shifted into a strongly coupled system when the nonlinearity is enhanced to a certain level. Reasonable design of stiffness nonlinearity can effectively reduce the critical electromechanical coupling, which indicates that stiffness nonlinearity is a feasible and effective way to improve the power performance of low-speed wind energy harvesting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
132. Blockchain-Enabled Integrated Energy System Trading Model for CCS-P2G-Coupled Operation: Enhancing Energy Trading Efficiency and Carbon Emission Reduction.
- Author
-
Gao, Meizhen
- Subjects
GREENHOUSE gas mitigation ,CARBON emissions ,CARBON sequestration ,ENERGY consumption ,CLEAN energy - Abstract
The need for sustainable integrated energy systems to mitigate environmental impact is hindered by challenges in fluctuating demand, trading reliability, and trustworthiness. This paper proposes an innovative approach to tackle these challenges by introducing a blockchain-based integrated energy system trading model with smart contracts. It is intricately linked with the operation of carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology and power-to-gas (P2G) equipment. The CCS-P2G-coupled operation principle is first outlined, followed by the presentation of a comprehensive system model. The peer-to-peer (P2P) energy trading algorithm is enhanced using the Bloom filtering technique. Leveraging smart contracts, a distributed energy trading mechanism is employed, resulting in a meticulously constructed integrated energy system trading model for CCS-P2G-coupled operation. The proposed model is rigorously evaluated for energy trading efficiency and system performance, revealing significant improvements compared to prior studies and showcasing substantial cumulative benefits. Three operation scenarios are examined, with experimental results highlighting the model's superior carbon emission reduction capacity. This study introduces an innovative paradigm for trading and managing integrated energy systems, holding potential implications for the sustainable development and decarbonization transition of future energy systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
133. Study of a Thermochemical Heat Storage Reactor Filled with Polyaluminum Sulfate for Low-Temperature Application.
- Author
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Gbenou, Tadagbe Roger Sylvanus and Wang, Kejian
- Subjects
TECHNOLOGICAL innovations ,THERMAL efficiency ,HEAT exchangers ,PRESSURE drop (Fluid dynamics) ,HEAT storage ,SULFATES - Abstract
This paper investigates comprehensively the operational dynamics of a thermochemical heat storage (TCHS) reactor for low-temperature applications using polyaluminum sulfate and takes into consideration a developed simulation model with an experimentation validation. Significant concordances were found between the developed simulation model and the experimental results. Results reveal optimized conditions for the charging process using an electrical heater, with a heating temperature of 120°C at 10 K/min over 500 minutes. This achieves full material charging, with stabilized pressure drops at an equilibrium of 80 mbar, corresponding to a temperature of approximately 108°C, and yielding a thermal power of 950 W. An inlet vapor pressure of 18 mbar at 10°C for 5 hours is sufficient to completely discharge the bed, with pressure drops reaching around 30 mbar and a thermal power of 300 after reaction completion. Insights into conversion extents during both processes are provided, along with a remarkable thermal efficiency of 90% and a coefficient of performance (COP) of 97%, surpassing recommended theoretical values (50%). The study suggests further enhancing system performance through the design and implementation of a dedicated heat exchanger. The achievement of 75% of the targeted thermal power specification represents a significant milestone, offering valuable contributions towards the realization of sustainable technological advancements of both the reactor technology of TCHS and state-of-the-art thermal energy storage solutions. From the research, it is possible to infer further suggestions for enhancing this performance by designing and implementing a dedicated heat exchanger for both heat supply and retrieval mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
134. 1 nm Tin Oxide Cluster for the Electrochemical Conversion of Carbon Dioxide to Formate at Low Overpotential.
- Author
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Kim, Hyungrae, Lee, Kanghyuk, and Lee, Chan Woo
- Subjects
CARBON dioxide ,OVERPOTENTIAL ,METAL clusters ,CATALYTIC activity ,OXIDATION states ,ANNEALING of metals - Abstract
Due to its cost-effectiveness and high product selectivity, tin oxide has been regarded as a promising catalyst for the electrochemical conversion of CO
2 to formate. However, formate production is hindered by the high overpotential; there is a need to reduce the overpotential to enhance energy efficiency and lower electricity cost for the implementation of carbon utilization technology. Here, we report a facile synthesis method for 1 nm-sized SnO2 cluster catalysts, which can be used for CO2 -to-formate conversion. SnO2 clusters were prepared through impregnation of porous carbon with a tin precursor solution. The SnO2 clusters showed a low overpotential, generating a current density of 10 mA cm-2 at a potential of -0.34 V vs. RHE in 1 M KOH. They also achieved high Faradaic efficiencies of 90.5% and 81.5% at 200 and 300 mA cm−2 , respectively. Their electrocatalytic performance was strongly dependent on the annealing conditions, which affected the particle size, electrochemical active surface area, and metal oxidation state. This paper presents a versatile method for synthesizing metal oxide cluster catalysts, apart from providing insights into the catalytic activity for the electrochemical conversion of CO2 to formate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
135. Enhancing Heat Transfer of Photovoltaic Panels with Fins.
- Author
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Wang, Fang, Li, Zhenfei, Pang, Dongqing, Li, Zhiqiang, Zhao, Xinke, Cheng, Xiaoqian, Liu, Mengwei, Zhang, Yichi, and Guo, Wenliang
- Subjects
PHOTOVOLTAIC power generation ,HEAT transfer ,BUILDING-integrated photovoltaic systems ,PHOTOVOLTAIC power systems ,FINS (Engineering) ,PHOTOVOLTAIC cells ,SOLAR radiation ,NATURAL heat convection - Abstract
Photovoltaic power generation can directly convert solar energy into electricity, but most of the solar energy absorbed by the photovoltaic panel is converted into heat, which significantly increases the operating temperature leading to a reduction in the power generation efficiency of the panels. To reduce the working temperature of photovoltaic panels and improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency, this paper installs aluminum fins and air channels at the traditional photovoltaic cell back sheets and cools them with forced-circulation cooling through fans. The relationships between fin spacing, fin height, air channel inlet wind speed and panel temperature, power generation, and electrical efficiency were investigated. The results show that the temperature of the photovoltaic panel decreases and then increases with the decrease of the fin spacing during natural convection and gradually decreases with the increase of the fin height. The use of forced-circulation cooling technology can effectively reduce the PV panel temperature and increase the net power generation. When the solar radiation intensity is 1000 W/m
2 , the ambient temperature is 35°C, the fin spacing is 6 mm, the height is 80 mm, the inlet wind speed is 1 m/s, the net generating power reaches the maximum value, and the net generating power and the electrical efficiency are increased by 14.6% and 2.25%, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
136. Performance Prediction and Optimization of Single-Piston Free Piston Expander-Linear Generator Based on Machine Learning and Genetic Algorithm.
- Author
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Li, Jian, Zuo, Zhengxing, Jia, Boru, Feng, Huihua, Zhang, Hongguang, and Mei, Bingang
- Subjects
MACHINE learning ,WILCOXON signed-rank test ,BACK propagation ,RANKINE cycle ,GENETIC algorithms ,PISTONS ,CLASSIFICATION algorithms - Abstract
This paper proposed a single-piston free piston expander-linear generator (SFPE-LG) prototype applied to organic Rankine cycle systems. Two valve timing control strategies, namely, time control strategy (TCS) and position control strategy (PCS), were developed. Based on the experimental data, a back propagation neural network (BPNN) prediction model was established. The effects of structural parameters such as neural network layers, transfer function, training function, hidden layer nodes, and learning rate on the prediction accuracy of this BPNN model were discussed. The training and prediction accuracy of the BPNN model was verified using 5-fold cross-validation and Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Moreover, the BPNN model was integrated with a genetic algorithm to predict and optimize the maximum output power of the SFPE-LG. The results showed that the BPNN model used to predict the motion characteristics and output performance of the SFPE-LG exhibits strong learning ability and high prediction accuracy. Notably, the prediction accuracy of the BPNN model is significantly higher under the PCS compared to TCS. The effect of hidden layer nodes on mean square error (MSE) and correlation coefficient (R) is greater than that of the learning rate. When the number of hidden layer nodes exceeds 30, the BPNN model consistently achieves low MSE and high R. The optimization results showed that the SFPE-LG can obtain a maximum output power of 141.69 W under the TCS, when the working parameters are inlet pressure of 0.7 MPa, intake duration of 35 ms, load resistance of 67 Ω, and expansion duration of 104 ms, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
137. On the Impact of Flexibility on Demand-Side Management: Understanding the Need for Consumer-Oriented Demand Response Programs.
- Author
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Cortez, Vitor, Rabelo, Ricardo, Carvalho, Arthur, Floris, Alessandro, and Pilloni, Virginia
- Subjects
ENERGY demand management ,CONSUMER behavior ,CONSUMERS ,PRICE cutting ,TARIFF - Abstract
While demand response programs inherently depend on consumer acceptance in order to be successful, consumer behavior is often overlooked when designing such programs. This paper addresses the impact of consumer flexibility in terms of appliance use on the success of a demand response program, measured through the overall grid stability assessed by the demand's peak-to-average ratio. We employ a bootstrapping approach to simulate energy communities from real-life consumer data and implement a state-of-the-art demand response system. Results suggest that higher consumer flexibility under real-time energy tariffs implies higher degrees of grid stability, with real-time pricing decreasing the average peak-to-average ratio by 4.6% compared to time-of-use tariff and with highly flexible consumers showing a 23% lower peak-to-average ratio than regular consumers on average. Yet, it is possible for higher flexibility to be detrimental to grid stability by increasing the peak-to-average ratio under a time-of-use tariff. This result highlights the importance of understanding the interplay between different factors that influence energy consumer behavior, a research stream that has been under investigated thus far. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
138. Graphene‐based architectures of tin and zinc oxide nanocomposites for free‐standing binder‐free Li‐ion anodes.
- Author
-
Köse, Hilal, Dombaycıoğlu, Şeyma, and Aydın, Ali Osman
- Subjects
- *
GRAPHENE oxide , *METALLIC oxides , *ANODES , *ZINC oxide , *NANOCOMPOSITE materials - Abstract
Summary: Free‐standing, flexible, and binderless binary ZnO‐reduced graphene oxide (rGO), SnO2‐rGO, and ternary ZnO‐SnO2‐rGO Li‐ion anodes were produced by vacuum filtrating the mixture of metal oxides synthesized by sol‐gel method and graphene oxide produced by Hummers method. These paper anodes were designed by being decorated with metal oxides between rGO layers. To compare nanocomposite anode structures, field emission gun‐scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X‐ray spectrometer, X‐ray diffraction, and electrochemical analyses were applied. The results suggested that ternary ZnO‐SnO2‐rGO paper anode exhibited larger discharge capacity and capacity retention than the binary anodes even after 100 cycles. This finding is attributed to buffering effect of rGO on volume expansion of the anode structure designed by sandwich‐type production and the synergic effect of ZnO‐SnO2 oxides. ZnO‐SnO2/rGO composite has been produced as binder‐free, flexible, and free‐standing anode for Li‐ion batteries. Binary ZnO/rGO and SnO2/rGO composites have been compared with ternary ZnO‐SnO2/rGO composite anode to determine the synergistic effect of the combination of ZnO and SnO2 with each other and with graphene. As compared with literature, satisfying results have been obtained from free‐standing anode structure of ZnO‐SnO2/rGO providing good cycling stability, long cycle life, and high discharge capacity of 731 mAh g−1 at 0.2 C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
139. Recent advances of optimal sizing and location of charging stations: A critical overview.
- Author
-
Yang, Bo, Li, Jiale, Shu, Hongchun, Cai, Zilong, Tang, Biao, Huang, Xuyong, and Zhu, Mengmeng
- Subjects
MULTIPLE criteria decision making ,FOSSIL fuels ,ENERGY shortages ,FUEL storage ,POLLUTION ,ELECTRIC vehicles - Abstract
Summary: With the rapid development of the global economy and technology, the demand for fossil fuels in transportation and power industries is ever‐growing, which inevitably leads to lower fossil fuel storage and higher prices. Electric vehicles (EVs) are widely used as an effective solution to energy shortage and environmental pollution. However, there exist numerous obstacles, such as unmatchable capacity and unsuitable location. Therefore, an appropriate size and location of the charging station (CS) are very crucial. Based on a thorough investigation of 138 literature, this paper comprehensively summarizes the past from three aspects including charging technology, CS model, and methodologies. Besides, a comprehensive summary of the charging way and its level is proposed for a more overall analysis with enriched technologies diversity. Furthermore, two different CS models are discussed detailly in the aspects of the objective function, factors, advantages and disadvantages, applicability, and complexity. Additionally, a detailed summary of three methodologies, including meta‐heuristic, multi‐criteria decision making (MCDM), and analytical methods, are proposed and a comprehensive evaluation and their advantages/disadvantages, applicability, and complexity are summarized and assessed thoroughly. Finally, 11 valuable and insightful findings are drawn and two promising challenges, two opportunities, and three future directions are proposed for further research. Highlights: Key technical difficulties and future challenges of sizing and placement of charging stations (CSs) are discussed.Most representative papers are selected and presented in table form for readers to compare more conveniently.Two different kinds of models and evaluation indexes are introduced in detail and each model is compared and evaluated fairly from different angles.Thirty‐three methods of sizing and location determination are summarized and compared strictly, and the advantages and disadvantages, applicability, and complexity of each method are dedicated to being described.Eleven main findings and seven constructive suggestions are put forward because of the development status of electric vehicles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
140. Intelligent charging station in 5G environments: Challenges and perspectives.
- Author
-
Răboacă, Maria Simona, Bizon, Nicu, and Thounthong, Phatiphat
- Subjects
ELECTRIC vehicle charging stations ,5G networks ,TELECOMMUNICATION ,POLLUTION ,TRAFFIC safety - Abstract
Summary: The popularity of the electric vehicles has been growing due to the concern of increase in environmental pollution. In order to overcome the environmental issues, electric vehicles have been introduced all over the globe. As the use and number of electric vehicles is growing, there is a great demand to identify the sustainable solutions for intelligent charging station dedicated to electric vehicles. The objective of this paper is to explore the possibilities for intelligent charging station using 5G services. This paper is a state‐of‐the‐art concept to identify the current challenges and issues of intelligent charging station. It should be noted that in the future, the use of the smart charging station will dramatically improve the efficiency of current charging stations. It is identified based on several existing techniques that the biggest challenges are the connectivity between the vehicles and among different charging stations. This manuscript could be useful for researchers working on intelligent charging station worldwide and on their integration with the recent communication technologies like 5G. The features of intelligent charging stations combined with the fifth‐generation network represent a new path for humanity and introduce a safer and more advanced environment. From data privacy to human safety, the network provides enough resources to rise driving quality, time and fuel economy and human lives saving. The results of this research can be well applied in the industry or in the field of academic research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
141. A Review on Recent Advances in Matrix Converter Technology: Topologies, Control, Applications, and Future Prospects.
- Author
-
Ali, Mohammad, Iqbal, Atif, and Khalid, Muhammad
- Subjects
MATRIX converters ,PASSIVE components ,TOPOLOGY ,INDUSTRIAL research ,INDUSTRIAL applications - Abstract
Matrix converters (MCs) are AC-AC power conversion topologies widely explored and applied in the industry for their attractive features of sinusoidal input and output currents, considerable size reduction, and reliable operation due to the omission of bulky passive components. Considerable research has made this technology a serious contender to the indirect AC-DC-AC topologies in industrial applications. This paper comprehensively reviews the state-of-the-art MC technology and its prospects. Furthermore, it presents the advancements in the topological structures of direct/indirect MCs and their modulation and control algorithms over the past decade. It also reports the recent progress in multiphase direct/indirect MC structural and control structures. This paper is aimed at providing comprehensive information to the researchers and engineers on MC technology's current industrial applications and the research scope as the world moves towards AI and digitalization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
142. Life cycle sustainability assessment of pumped hydro energy storage.
- Author
-
Guo, Zhi, Ge, Shuaishuai, Yao, Xilong, Li, Hui, and Li, Xiaoyu
- Subjects
ENERGY storage ,ECOLOGICAL impact ,ABANDONED mines ,ELECTRICAL energy ,ENVIRONMENTAL indicators ,HYDROELECTRIC power plants ,BATTERY storage plants - Abstract
Summary: At present, pumped hydro energy storage plays the dominant role in electrical energy storage. However, its development is clearly restricted by the topography and adverse impacts on local residents. Underground pumped hydro energy storage (UPHES) using abandoned mine pits not only can effectively remedy these drawbacks but is also constructive to the management of abandoned mine pits. In this paper, we firstly conduct a comprehensive analysis of conventional pumped hydro energy storage (CPHES) and UPHES, using life cycle sustainability assessment (LCSA). Sustainability indicators in this paper include economic indicators, environmental indicators, and social indicators. Among all the indicators, blue water footprint (BWF) and ecological footprint (EF) are included for the first time to assess the social performance of CPHES and UPHES. Then, this paper employs multi‐attribute value theory (MAVT) and scenario analysis to evaluate the overall performance of energy storages. The results show that CPHES has better performance in economy and environment than UPHES because of the economies of scale, while the UPHES has better performance in social sustainability impact because of the absence of stages of excavation and backfilling. When using MAVT methodology, only when the weight for social indicator is three times higher than that of economy and environment; ie, the weight for social dimension is 0.6, and the weights for environmental and social dimension are 0.2; the score of UPHES is higher than CPHES. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
143. A novel method for determination of a time period for stabilization of power generation of microbial fuel cell with effect of microorganisms
- Author
-
Bor-Yann Chen, Harpreet Singh, Xujian Cui, Kathiravan Srinivasan, Akhil Garg, Ankit Goyal, and Surya Prakash Singh
- Subjects
Fuel Technology ,Electricity generation ,Microbial fuel cell ,Nuclear Energy and Engineering ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Energy management ,Microorganism ,Period (gene) ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,Environmental science ,Energy transformation ,Pulp and paper industry - Published
- 2019
144. Process design and techno‐economic analysis of ethyl levulinate production from carbon dioxide and 1,4‐butanediol as an alternative biofuel and fuel additive
- Author
-
Zulfan Adi Putra, Jundika C. Kurnia, Oki Muraza, and Agus P. Sasmito
- Subjects
Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,Techno economic ,Process design ,1,4-Butanediol ,Pulp and paper industry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Fuel Technology ,Nuclear Energy and Engineering ,chemistry ,Biofuel ,Carbon dioxide ,Environmental science ,Production (economics) ,Ethyl levulinate - Published
- 2019
145. Green synthesis, properties, and catalytic application of zeolite (P) in production of biofuels from bagasse
- Author
-
Asif Hayat and Mati Ur Rahman
- Subjects
Fuel Technology ,Nuclear Energy and Engineering ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Biofuel ,Chemistry ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,Production (economics) ,Pulp and paper industry ,Zeolite ,Bagasse ,Catalysis - Published
- 2019
146. Carbon conversion and stabilisation of date palm and high rate algal pond (microalgae) biomass through slow pyrolysis
- Author
-
Vladimir Krepl, Ali Akhtar, Ivo Jiříček, Abbas Mehrabadi, and Tatiana Ivanova
- Subjects
High rate ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,Biomass ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Pulp and paper industry ,Fuel Technology ,Nuclear Energy and Engineering ,chemistry ,Biochar ,Economic analysis ,Environmental science ,Palm ,Carbon ,Pyrolysis - Published
- 2019
147. Performance analysis of a double calcium looping‐integrated biomass‐fired power plant: Exploring a carbon reduction opportunity
- Author
-
Sarath Babu Anne, B. Basant Kumar Pillai, Ramsagar Vooradi, Venkata Suresh Patnaikuni, and Gajanan Dattarao Surywanshi
- Subjects
Exergy ,Power station ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Biomass ,Pulp and paper industry ,Energy analysis ,Reduction (complexity) ,Fuel Technology ,Nuclear Energy and Engineering ,chemistry ,Environmental science ,Bagasse ,Carbon ,Calcium looping - Published
- 2019
148. Production of butanol and polyhydroxyalkanoate from industrial waste byClostridium beijerinckiiASU10
- Author
-
Mohamed Hemida Abd-Alla, Abdel-Naser A. Zohri, Shimaa Mohamed Ali, Elhagag Ahmed Hassan, and Marwa M. Ragaey
- Subjects
biology ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Butanol ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,Acetone–butanol–ethanol fermentation ,biology.organism_classification ,Pulp and paper industry ,Polyhydroxyalkanoates ,Industrial waste ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Fuel Technology ,Clostridium beijerinckii ,Nuclear Energy and Engineering ,chemistry ,Biofuel ,Biohydrogen - Published
- 2019
149. Influence of nanoadditives on ignition characteristics of <scp>Kusum</scp> ( <scp> Schleichera oleosa </scp> ) biodiesel
- Author
-
Mukul Tomar and Naveen Kumar
- Subjects
Ignition system ,Biodiesel ,Fuel Technology ,Nuclear Energy and Engineering ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,law ,Sauter mean diameter ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,Environmental science ,Pulp and paper industry ,Schleichera oleosa ,law.invention - Published
- 2019
150. Upgrading continuous H2gas recovery from rice straw hydrolysate via fermentation process amended with magnetite nanoparticles
- Author
-
Faizal Bux, Ahmed Tawfik, Sheena Kumari, Haitham M. El-Bery, and Mohamed Elsamadony
- Subjects
Magnetite Nanoparticles ,Fuel Technology ,Nuclear Energy and Engineering ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Chemistry ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,Fermentation ,Rice straw ,Pulp and paper industry ,Hydrolysate - Published
- 2019
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