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Objective: People who are ill with anorexia nervosa (AN) show altered availability of key plasma nutrients. However, little is known about the patterning of alterations that occurs across diverse nutrients during active phases of illness or about the persistence of any such alterations following remission of illness. Method: We compared plasma levels of one‐carbon metabolism nutrients across women with active AN (AN‐Active: n = 53), in remission from AN (AN‐Remitted: n = 40), or who had no eating‐disorder history (NED: n = 36). We also tested associations between body mass index (BMI) changes and changes in pre‐ to posttreatment nutrient levels, and explored the association between nutrient levels, on the one hand, and BMI and eating symptoms, on the other. Choline, betaine, and methionine were analyzed using mass spectrometry. Folate and B12 were analyzed using the AccuBind® ELISA kit. Eating‐disorder symptoms were assessed by interview and self‐report. Results: Compared to NED individuals, AN‐Active individuals exhibited significantly elevated B12 and (less‐reliably) betaine. In AN‐Active individuals, lower BMI was associated with higher B12. Discussion The observed alterations run contrary to the intuition that plasma nutrient levels should be directly responsive to nutritional status and suggest, instead, the existence of compensatory adaptations to malnutrition in individuals with active AN. Further study is required to clarify mechanisms that underlie such effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The relationship between eating disorders (EDs) and substance use (SU) has only been briefly described in literature using mainly adult populations. This study examined the prevalence and characteristics of SU among patients of an adolescent ED outpatient treatment program. Method: A retrospective chart analysis was conducted to determine and subsequently compare medical status, psychosocial factors, treatment course and outcome between patients with and without SU. Results: Over 60% of patients with SU status (n = 203) reported regularly consuming substances. 33.4% of substance users received a diagnosis involving purging behaviors compared to 5.9% of nonusers. Females composed 96.4% and 81.7% of users and nonusers, respectively. Users reported significantly more self‐harm (57.7% of users vs. 38.6% of nonusers) but did not differ significantly in terms of trauma (abuse or victimization; 48.3% of users vs. 44.9% of nonusers). The percentage of ideal body weight significantly improved throughout treatment and did not differ by SU with a mean increase of 5.29% (SD = 13.6) among nonusers compared to 5.45% (SD = 7.5) of users. While users and nonusers did not differ before and after treatment in ED severity, users were more likely than nonusers to drop‐out of treatment (41.5% of users vs. 25.2% of nonusers). Discussion: Adolescents with SU benefit from ED outpatient treatment as much as those without SU, however, users are more likely to drop‐out. Therefore, treatment should target these adolescents' emotional dysregulation to improve treatment compliance. Further research is necessary to determine the efficacy of such an approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]