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Background: Inflammatory markers like tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) have been thought to be associated with diabetes mellitus (DM). But their role in the development of diabetes in young is yet to be established. Aims: To compare the concentrations of serum TNF-α and hsCRP between young subjects with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) and DM. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed with young subjects under 30 years of age consisting of 40 newly detected DM cases and an equal number of subjects with NGT diagnosed on the basis of the American Diabetes Association (ADA) criterion-2017 to see TNF-α and hsCRP levels. Glucose was measured by the glucose oxidase method, hsCRP by immunonephelometry, and TNF-α by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: hsCRP was higher in DM than that of NGT [DM vs NGT: 3.41 (1.37–9.98) vs. 1.29 (0.68–2.65) pg/ml, median (IQR); p=0.003] but TNF-α was similar in both the groups (DM vs. NGT: 16.30±12.95 vs. 14.55±9.84 mg/L, mean±SD; p=0.201). Both body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) were positively correlated with hsCRP (BMI: r=0.501, p=0.001; WC: r=0.409, p=0.009) in NGT but not in DM (BMI: r=0.287, p=0.072; WC: r=0.281, p=0.078). Multiple regression analysis revealed BMI (p=0.020), WC (p=0.022), and hsCRP (p=0.041) as independent predictors for DM. Conclusions: This study observed that serum hsCRP but not serum TNF-α was significantly higher in DM in young than that of NGT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]