1. Evaluating the role of alcohol consumption in breast and ovarian cancer susceptibility using population‐based cohort studies and two‐sample Mendelian randomization analyses
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Per Hall, Stig E. Bojesen, Liang-Dar Hwang, Jue-Sheng Ong, Georgia Chenevix-Trench, Keitaro Matsuo, Paul D.P. Pharoah, Eske M. Derks, Douglas F. Easton, Stuart MacGregor, Penelope M. Webb, Mikael Eriksson, Linda E. Kelemen, Andrew Berchuck, Jiyuan An, Ong, Jue-Sheng [0000-0002-6062-710X], Matsuo, Keitaro [0000-0003-1761-6314], Bojesen, Stig E [0000-0002-4061-4133], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
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Oncology ,Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Alcohol Drinking ,Breast Neoplasms ,Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial ,Cohort Studies ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Breast cancer ,breast cancer ,Internal medicine ,Mendelian randomization ,medicine ,Odds Ratio ,Humans ,causal inference ,Ovarian Neoplasms ,Proportional hazards model ,business.industry ,Hazard ratio ,Confounding ,Cancer ,Mendelian Randomization Analysis ,medicine.disease ,3. Good health ,Causality ,ovarian cancer ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Observational study ,Female ,business ,Cohort study ,alcohol intake - Abstract
Alcohol consumption is correlated positively with risk for breast cancer in observational studies, but observational studies are subject to reverse causation and confounding. The association with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is unclear. We performed both observational Cox regression and two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses using data from various European cohort studies (observational) and publicly available cancer consortia (MR). These estimates were compared to World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) findings. In our observational analyses, the multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HR) for a one standard drink/day increase was 1.06 (95% confidence interval [CI]; 1.04, 1.08) for breast cancer and 1.00 (0.92, 1.08) for EOC, both of which were consistent with previous WCRF findings. MR ORs per genetically predicted one standard drink/day increase estimated via 34 SNPs using MR-PRESSO were 1.00 (0.93, 1.08) for breast cancer and 0.95 (0.85, 1.06) for EOC. Stratification by EOC subtype or estrogen receptor status in breast cancers made no meaningful difference to the results. For breast cancer, the CIs for the genetically derived estimates include the point-estimate from observational studies so are not inconsistent with a small increase in risk. Our data provide additional evidence that alcohol intake is unlikely to have anything other than a very small effect on risk of EOC.
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