1. Successful treatment with moxifloxacin of experimental aortic valve endocarditis due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
- Author
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Dimitrios C. Iliopoulos, Helen Triantafyllidi, Angelos Pefanis, Ioannis Skiadas, Ismini Donta, Panayiotis Karayiannakos, Vissaria Sakka, Helen Giamarellou, and Lambrini Galani
- Subjects
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ,Microbiology (medical) ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.drug_class ,Moxifloxacin ,Antibiotics ,Heart Valve Diseases ,Microbial Sensitivity Tests ,medicine.disease_cause ,Pharmacotherapy ,Vancomycin ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Endocarditis ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Aza Compounds ,business.industry ,Aortic valve endocarditis ,Endocarditis, Bacterial ,General Medicine ,Staphylococcal Infections ,medicine.disease ,Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Surgery ,Disease Models, Animal ,Treatment Outcome ,Infectious Diseases ,Staphylococcus aureus ,Aortic Valve ,Anesthesia ,Quinolines ,Female ,Rabbits ,business ,Fluoroquinolones ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Moxifloxacin (MXF) is an 8-methoxyquinolone with high activity against Gram-positive bacteria. In an experimental model of aortic valve endocarditis (EAVE), the efficacy of MXF was evaluated against a strain of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Rabbits with catheter-induced aortic valve vegetations were randomly assigned to a control group or to groups receiving MXF 20 mg/kg intravenous (i.v.) twice a day (bid) or vancomycin (VAN) 30 mg/kg i.v. bid for a total of eight doses (4 days). Rabbits were sacrificed 15 h after the last dose of antibiotics. In another group, treatment with MXF was extended to 5 days and rabbits were sacrificed 5 days after the last dose (10th dose) of MXF in order to detect possible relapses of endocarditis after the end of treatment (test-of-cure (TOC) study). Both MXF and VAN significantly reduced the bacterial load in vegetations (P < 0.001 vs. controls). All animals in the MXF-TOC group had sterile vegetations. MXF given at a dose of 20 mg/kg i.v. bid for 4 days was equally effective as VAN in the treatment of EAVE due to MRSA. When treatment with MXF was extended to 5 days, the cure rate reached 100% and no relapses of endocarditis were observed.
- Published
- 2009