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Managing Liquidity has seldom been being as vital as it has during the Covid-19 era. The financial impact of Covid-19 has left many firms on the brink of liquidation. This paper explores the effect cash holdings has had on Profitability of the firm and how it compares with commercial paper between the pre-Covid-19 era and the Covid-19 era. This paper employs and compares the ordinary least square regression between these eras. I find that firms are less liquid during the Covid-19 period compared to the pre-covid period. More importantly, I find that Liquidity has been more critical to a firm's Profitability during Covid-19 era compared to pre-covid 19 periods. Furthermore, Cash holdings represent a significant chunk of Liquidity. However, these Cash holdings dropped by a little in the covid-19 era. Finally, I find that both commercial paper and cash holdings are used as complements. However, this result is weakly supported during the pre-covid period.

Cyber Forensics is termed as scientific methods or applications in association with the judiciary or court of laws. The aim behind these methods is to unveil the digital evidence to be utilized in court for solving crime cases. This sort of technology wasn’t practiced before therefore most criminals tend to urge away with their criminal acts without valid proof to incriminate or prosecute them. During that time the oaths, confessions, testimonies from witnesses were the sole determining factors of evidence Crimes committed within electronic or digital domains, particularly within cyberspace, have become common. Criminals are using technology to commit their offenses and make new challenges for law enforcement agents, attorneys, judges, military, and security professionals. Digital forensics has become a vital instrument in identifying and solving computer-based and computerassisted crime. This paper provides a quick introduction to cyber forensics. During this paper we present a typical model for both Incident Response and Computer Forensics processes which mixes their advantages in an exceedingly flexible way: It allows for a management oriented approach in digital investigations while retaining the chance of a rigorous forensics investigation. Keywords: cyber forensics, digital forensic science, computer forensics, evidence, judicial system.

This paper will help to bring out some amazing findings about autonomous prediction and performing action by establishing a connection between the real world with machine learning and Internet Of thing. The purpose of this research paper is to perform our machine to analyze different signs in the real world and act accordingly. We have explored and found detection of several features in our model which helped us to establish a better interaction of our model with the surroundings. Our algorithms give very optimized predictions performing the right action .Nowadays, autonomous vehicles are a great area of research where we can make it more optimized and more multi - performing .This paper contributes to a huge survey of varied object detection and feature extraction techniques. At the moment, there are loads of object classification and recognition techniques and algorithms found and developed around the world. TSD research is of great significance for improving road traffic safety. In recent years, CNN (Convolutional Neural Networks) have achieved great success in object detection tasks. It shows better accuracy or faster execution speed than traditional methods. However, the execution speed and the detection accuracy of the existing CNN methods cannot be obtained at the same time. What's more, the hardware requirements are also higher than before, resulting in a larger detection cost. In order to solve these problems, this paper proposes an improved algorithm based on convolutional model A classic robot which uses this algorithm which is installed through raspberry pi and performs dedicated action.

The present paper focuses on Cyber Security Awareness Campaign’s lacking in many rural and urban area of India and Changing behavior requires more information security awareness programs and we extract essential components from Social media and with appropriate procedural and technological work. We can use it for an awareness campaign. Large amount of raw data that has been viewed by users in the form of text, videos, photos and audio. The outcome showed that the delivery methods improves the awareness on the general population.

In this paper, we will deliberate how to control robot car using Wi-Fi module through a webpage using computer or smartphone. The advantage of using robot car is it can be used for various purposes like this project can be modified quite easily to include a spy camera as well that can stream the videos to the user over Wi-Fi. Attempts would be made to use solar cells instead of the regular lithium-ion battery for the project. This robot car can also be used to push the objects from one place to another. This project will be enhanced with better Wi-Fi which would enable long distance communication.

E-commerce is a boom in the modern business. E-commerce means electronic commerce. E- commerce (Electronic commerce) involves buying and selling of goods and services, or the transmitting of funds or data, over an electronic network, predominantly the Internet. E-commerce (Electronic commerce) is a paradigm shift influencing both marketers and the customers. Rather e-commerce is more than just another way to boost the existing business practices. It is leading a complete change in traditional way of doing business. This significant change in business model is witnessing a tremendous growth around the globe and India is not an exception. A massive internet penetration has added to growth of E-commerce and more particularly start-ups have been increasingly using this option as a differentiating business model. Moreover, E-Commerce has significant influences on the environment. Although the model is highly used in current business scenario but the option has not been explored at its fullest. The current research has been undertaken to describe the scenario of E-Commerce, analyze the trends of E-Commerce. The study further examines the key variables imperative for the success of E-commerce business models. Keywords: E-Commerce, Internet, Self-service, Technology, Internet banking.

Obesity is a condition that increases the possibility of developing a wide range of non-communicable diseases and as a serious consequence, also promotes the chances of being suffered by deadly infectious diseases. This is most clearly noticeable in the pandemic situation of global spread of the COVID-19. Obesity is considered as an access to various non-communicable diseases as well as mental-health illness and in present scenario it has been found to be a key factor in COVID-19 complications and mortality. Further, obesity has been identified as a major comorbity in patients with asthmatic disorders which also proves it as a risk factor for more serious corona virus disease. Obesity has been recognized as a disease in its own right as well as a risk factor for other health issues including significantly worsening the outcomes of COVID-19 infection. Keywords: Obesity, COVID-19, Pandemic, Comorbity.

Artificial intelligence is one of the most discussed topics of the present time.The burning question of today about artificial intelligence is “will it be beneficial or dangerous for a human being”. This MODEL analyzes the benefits of artificial intelligence in medicine. It examines how artificial intelligence assists the medical field as well as how patient's health is affected using this popular phenomenon in diagnosing diseases, patient's treatment, reducing errors, and virtually being present with the patients.In this model we have the data of previous patients and have created a machine learning model that tells what is the probability of a person suffering from that skin disease and after running the machine learning algorithm we have make an model as Dermatologists examine skin lesions by visual inspection and dermoscopy, similarly we have used our JEEV AI device to do skin lesion examination based on AI algorithms and machine vision. So we have created a SMS based chat bot through which user can send his feedback on his skin health conditions to our best crowd sourced doctors, Three-Stage Healthcare support system in covid time so people can get their skin problems solved at home by getting best treatment in covid time

Heart disease has been one of the ruling causes for death for quite some time now. About 31% of all deaths every year in the world take place as a result of cardiovascular diseases [1]. A majority of the patients remain uninformed of their symptoms until quite late while others find it difficult to minimise the effects of risk factors that cause heart diseases. Machine Learning Algorithms have been quite efficacious in producing results with a high level of correctness thereby preventing the onset of heart diseases in many patients and reducing the impact in the ones that are already affected by such diseases. It has helped medical researchers and doctors all over the world in recognising patterns in the patients resulting in early detections of heart diseases.

This experimental study uses national regulations and survey reports to identify short, medium, and long-term traffic congestion strategies in Haryana's cities. The current study looked into a variety of successful road congestion mitigation techniques, ranging from expanded road capacity to the use of roadways, to see which ones were the most cost-effective. Using an examination of quantitative regression, interviews with transportation policy and decision makers, and alternate matrix criteria, I ranked each traffic congestion mitigation approach from least to most cost efficient based on three cost factors. I discovered that ramp measuring was both the most cost-effective and the most difficult method. Meanwhile, I discovered that expanding transit capacity was the least cost-effective of the solutions I looked into.

Planning appointments has become a daunting task especially for health professionals in hospitals and clinics. Failure of appointment appointments can also result in dispersed appointments, increased number of shows, general patient dissatisfaction and financial losses for health organizations. Many day-to-day medical centers now use a combination of telephone-based planning and computer-based appointments but there is still a technical and human error gap. This online facility can add power to any hospital or clinic website. Reduces the hard work associated with managing a medical environment. More time to commit to patient care, better patient compliance and financial efficiency are other rewards. The integration of covid time, technology and rapid population growth has been strongly driven to introduce patient planning online. In this used project, you sometimes experience minor problems where you need to consult a doctor about your health problems or nearby and follow their meetings. The Online Doctor System will provide one authorized direct communication between the doctors of your choice if necessary for your minor problems. Using the web Online Healthcare System, patients will be able to complete online forms in seconds before entering the virtual office room. It will also allow you to upload your lab results such as x-ray copies, medical history etc which your doctors may refer you for.

Generating question papers is a tedious and time-consuming operation. This study uses Python to construct a fuzzy logic-based model for autonomous paper creation. With the aid of a huge number of questions saved in the database, college officials may create a fully personalised question paper. The programme may be used to produce question papers based on the examination level, which may include unit tests. It enables the authorities to pick and choose from the syllabus's chapters. The programme makes use of a database to use the question paper, which might include hundreds of questions. The programme generates a collection of random questions on which the question does not appear. The programme is a great tool for quickly generating question papers and so saving time and effort.

At non-secular places like temples, gurdwaras, and lots of others, devotees gift cash within the donation box. It's a giant deal to sight the truth of the given cash. Similarly, cash numeration has been a giant task because it is allotted manually. Mistakes on numeration happen most of the time because of several reasons like eyes temporary state, losing focus, etc. typically fiddle of cash happens at the time of numeration money. To prevail over these issues Automatic Coin Sorter for Temples using IOT is meant. During this system, the truth of the coin is detected employing a dimension standardization method. Then the coins when some delay area unit sorted and area unit inserted into the various assigned box with the assistance of the motor. All the data regarding the coin is distributed to the Associate in Nursing digital display wherever the worth, reality, and count of the coin area unit are displayed. The overall count of the noon and full-day is distributed to the various head person through the applying. The advantage of this review paper for the reader is to achieve information about numerous technologies used for creating this method.

Now a day many illegal activities like crossing borders through forest regions, planting landmines, etc to keep an eye on such activities there is a need for some spying device that can spy on the restricted areas or some forest or territorial region where a human cannot go due to risk. In this paper, we have described such type of spy robot that is ‘long range spy robot with night vision camera’. This system Long Range Spy Robot with Metal Detection is very innovative as this system allows operating a robot irrespective of the distance. To drive the system, the user has to formulate a call to the phone coupled to this robot and once the call is received, the user will have to make use of the keypad to transmit data commands to the robot. The data commands will make the robot either go in forward, then backward, left, or right direction. The system makes use of a night vision-enabled spy vision-enabled help of which the user can view the area captured by this spy camera which will be mounted on this robot. The user will be able to view the area captured by this spy camera not only during the daytime but also during the night. All the areas captured by this spy camera can be viewed in a mobile application or PC.

In most of the industries grinding is the final stage of finishing process. Grinding is a machining process which uses an abrasive wheel or belt type cutting tool. This grinding machine is used in various industries for finishing of work pieces and give high surface quality. Grinding with wheel or belt type cutting tool is used for different precision applications such as deburring in foundries and constructions, polishing, engraving and cut-off grinding. Our project provides flexible worktable through which angular grinding with better surface finish can be obtain. Also less force is generated through this arrangement which in turn provides firm gripping.

In this project our goal is to build a tweet sentimental analysis in which user can search and analyse thousands of tweets in one go. For backend we will use python and Django web framework and for front end we are going to use HTML, Css and bootstrap. It will help to analyse any hashtag and companies about their product feedback reviews. This project contains only the one user side. It is like a tweets search analyser. The design of this project is pretty simple so that the user won’t find any difficulties while working on it.

Sorting of products is a very difficult industrial process. Continuous manual sorting creates consistency issues. This paper describes a working prototype designed for automatic sorting of objects based on the metal detector KY-036 sensor was used to detect the colour of the product and the PIC16F628A microcontroller was used to control the overall process. The identification of the colour is based on the frequency analysis of the output of TCS230 sensor. One conveyor belts were used, it controlled by separate DC motors. The belt is for placing the product to be analysed by the colour sensor, having separated compartments, in order to separate the products. The experimental results promise that the prototype will fulfil the needs for higher production and precise quality in the field of automation.

The present work is designed to analyse the physico chemical properties of textile effluents and to evolve the effective and economically low-cost method for textile waste. Here the suitability of plants to remove containments are compared by two types of flow in which waste water is passed through the root zone by horizontal and vertical flow and suitability of plants to remove contaminant depends upon retention time or velocity of effluent which passes from one end to another end of the container. In India now a day, several efforts have been driven to control the pollution to enjoy the citizen, the disease-free environment. Mainly in this paper, we discuss about the pollution created by the Textile industry Effluent generated by this industry is one of the sources of pollution which contained air, soil and water. The main Contamination of soil and water bodies by the discharge of this industry are due to the Heavy metals & colour (dyes). This discharge if allowed on ground or water bodies, it percolates through the soil and pollute the fertile soil which effects the Agriculture and further this contaminates the ground water table and an aquatic life by toxication of water and this effects the human health and vegetation. The industry related with this study is of raw cotton based here cotton used is from ginning and pressing operation.

Green Business, Sustainable lifestyle, environmental protection are the buzz words that we hear nowadays. Sustainable development is a development that aims at sustainable consumption of resources and sustainable economic growth while protecting the natural environment. The term sustainable development basically comprises of three main constituents which are: environmental sustainability, economic sustainability, and socio-political sustainability. Owing to the fact that people are getting more and more inclined towards preserving the environment, businesses are busy devising strategies that can satisfy the needs of the society as well as be profitable. Green Marketing is one such strategy that has emerged as a key concept in India and other developing and developed countries as the main element for facilitating sustainable development. This research paper, aims at emphasizing the concept, need and importance of green marketing. Data is collected from multiple sources such as books, journals, websites, and news papers. The paper describes the present scenario of Indian market and search for various opportunities and issues businesses face while incorporating green marketing. The paper also explains the reasons why businesses are adopting it on a high scale and its future in the emerging markets. The paper concludes with the insight that green marketing will grow on a continuous basis both in practice as well as demand. Keywords: Sustainable Development, Green Marketing, Sustainability, Economic Sustainability, Green Business

The Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) refers to a methodology with clearly defined processes for creating highquality software which are cost effective and reliable. This method of software developing process is quite systematic and structural. SDLC defines the framework that has different activities and tasks to be administered during the software development process. Software development process is quite complex, and to do it without any proper planning would be inefficient. So, we use these SDLC models to make the Software development process simple and systematic. There are various software development life cycle models that are used in the software development process, all having their own advantages and limitations. In this paper, we have included six of these SDLC models - Waterfall Model, Spiral Model, V Model, Agile Model, Iterative Model and Rapid Application Development (RAD) Model. These Software Development processes have their own Advantages and Disadvantages, and the main purpose of this paper is to explain these models and know the difference between them. Keywords: Software Development life cycle, Models, Risk Analysis, Framework, SRS.

The Financial Service Modernization Act of 1999 has been crucial to the financial service industry ever since its creation. There are two primary reasons this Act was mandated to aid the financial service industry- the merger/barrier reason and consumer privacy reason. This paper evaluates whether this policy has achieved this object and how the effect the policy has had on the financial service industry compares to the non-policy effect on wholesale trade industry, retail trade industry and service industry. This paper finds that this policy is one of the significant reasons, If not the primary reason, for the increase in the Enterprise Value (EV) of firms within the financial service industries over the industries. Furthermore, the findings suggest that customer complaints may have lessened within the financial service industries more than Wholesale and Retail trade industries but not the service industries.

Vehicular ad hoc networks are characterized as the ad hoc networks with dynamic and dense network topology which faces issues like routing, data congestion, and overhead. One technique which has proved to be useful in managing VANETs is clustering. Clustering is a technique to divide the network into smaller, distributed and more stable hierarchical structure. The parameters like speed, position, distance, direction and mobility are used for clustering the networks. Clustering helps in load balancing, improving scalability, efficient resource allocation and reducing overhead. In this paper a multi-hop cluster-based algorithm (MhCA) for VANET is proposed which uses Fuzzy TOPSIS for CH selection based on Rank Index of nodes. The flowchart of the algorithm along with the description of the algorithm is given below in the paper. Extensive simulation experiments are run using the ns3 and SUMO to evaluate & compare the performance of proposed algorithm with the existing multi-hop algorithms like VMaSC and n-hop. Keywords: CH, CM, CH Change Duration, CH Duration, OSM, NS3.

PV systems are becoming more popular now a days, due to increase in the energy demand and it also reduces the environment pollution around the world. This paper proposes a reduced switches count of five-level H-bridge inverter with integrated boost converter in solar PV system. The proposed 5-level reduced switches count H-bridge MLI configuration requires less no.of power semiconductor devices compared to that of conventional MLI topology. In this paper INC MPPT control technique is used, which provides a duty ratio for controlling dc-dc boost converter and allowing the PV cells to operate more efficiently and extract maximum solar energy. The phase shifted sinusoidal pulse width modulation (PSCPWM) control technique is used for controlling the gating pulse of 5-level reduced switches H-bridge inverter. To improve the quality of PV based 5-level reduced switches h-bridge inverter output parameters mainly contribute switching losses and total harmonic distortion. The proposed model is modeled and simulated in MATLAB/SIMULINK software. Keywords: PV array, H-bridge multilevel inverter, boost converter, phase shifted PWM, maximum power point tracking (MPPT), incremental conductance, total harmonic distortion (THD).

With proliferation of online blogging web sites, hundreds of thousands of text posts are generated. Using this rich information facilitate educated purchasing of objects, discovering and public developments involving more than a few merchandise in the market, discovering political inclination of societies previous to a country wide election, and many others. Considering that the final decade, Sentiment evaluation has received increased attention from many researchers as a procedure for addressing subject matters, such as the a fore mentioned ones. This paper specializes in Sentiment evaluation and use of sentiment Features. In this paper we have created the feature set and given input to svm and result verified for sentiment. Keywords: Sentiment analysis, support vector machine, maximum entropy, with features, without features, artificial intelligence.

This review paper is a study on various methods of performance improvement in domestic refrigeration systems, based on the vapor compression refrigeration VCRS cycle. Here air-cooled, water-cooled, fog cooled, evaporatively cooled condensers and nano-fluid lubricant /coolant methods their working and efficiency are reviewed, compared, analyzed and presented. The paper inspects the work done by different researchers for the maximization of heat loss from condenser & compressor and bringing about necessary modifications to reduce the overall power consumption of domestic refrigerators by improving Coefficient of Performance (COP). Numerous works have been done on improving the heat dissipation capacity of condenser but using nano-fluid in lubricant base as refrigerant and in the compressor shell as coolant is a new technology. Nano-fluid increase heat transfer due the high conductivity nano particles. It has been observed that water cooled condensers and compressors with nano-lubricants/coolants give the best performance improvements but they suit better for big or large refrigeration systems like centralized air conditioning systems or cold storage warehousing, whereas air cooled and evaporative condensers are optimal for small scale or low power appliances like domestic refrigerators, water coolers or split air conditioners to reduce overall power consumption by increasing the COP. Keywords: Refrigeration system, COP improvement, Condenser, Water mist, Evaporative cooling, Nano-fluid coolant, VCRS cycle.

Recent developments in the field of machine learning have changed the way it operates for ever, especially with the rise of Artificial Neural Networks (ANN). There is no doubt that these biologically inspired computational models are capable of performing far better than previous forms of artificial intelligence in common machine learning tasks as compared to their previous versions. There are several different forms of artificial neural networks (ANNs), but one of the most impressive is the convolutional neural network (CNN). CNN's have been extensively used for solving difficult pattern recognition tasks using images. With their simple yet precise architecture, they offer a simplified approach to getting started with ANNs. The goal of this paper is to provide a brief introduction to CNN. It discusses the latest papers and newly formed techniques in order to develop these absolutely brilliant models of image recognition. This introduction assumes that you already have a basic understanding of ANNs and machine learning. Keywords: Pattern recognition, artificial neural networks, machine learning, image analysing.

With the rapid escalation of data driven solutions, companies are integrating huge data from multiple sources in order to gain fruitful results. To handle this tremendous volume of data we need cloud based architecture to store and manage this data. Cloud computing has emerged as a significant infrastructure that promises to reduce the need for maintaining costly computing facilities by organizations and scale up the products. Even today heavy applications are deployed on cloud and managed specially at AWS eliminating the need for error prone manual operations. This paper demonstrates about certain cloud computing tools and techniques present to handle big data and processes involved while extracting this data till model deployment and also distinction among their usage. It will also demonstrate, how big data analytics and cloud computing will change methods that will later drive the industry. Additionally, a study is presented later in the paper about management of blockchain generated big data on cloud and making analytical decision. Furthermore, the impact of blockchain in cloud computing and big data analytics has been employed in this paper. Keywords: Cloud Computing, Big Data, Amazon Web Services (AWS), Google Cloud Platform (GCP), SaaS, PaaS, IaaS.

Analyzing cyber incident information units is an essential approach for deepening our information of the evolution of the risk situation. This is a notably new studies topic, and plenty of research continue to be to be done. In this paper, we record a statistical evaluation of a breach incident information set similar to 12 years (2005–2017) of cyber hacking sports that encompass malware attacks. We display that, in evaluation to the findings suggested withinside the literature, each hacking breach incident inter-arrival instances and breach sizes need to be modeled through stochastic processes, instead of through distributions due to the fact they show off autocorrelations. Then, we recommend specific stochastic method fashions to, respectively, match the inter-arrival instances and the breach sizes. In this paper we be aware that, through reading their actions, we are able to classify malware right into a small quantity of Behavioral classes, every of which plays a restrained set of misbehaviors that signify them. These misbehaviors may be described through tracking capabilities belonging to exclusive platforms. In this paper we gift a singular host-primarily based totally malware detection machine in OSN which concurrently analyzes and correlates capabilities at 4 levels: kernel, application, person and package, to come across and prevent malicious behaviors. It has been designed to do not forget the ones behaviors traits of virtually each actual malware which may be observed withinside the wild. This prototype detects and efficaciously blocks greater than 96% of malicious apps, which come from 3 massive datasets with approximately 2,800 apps, through exploiting the cooperation of parallel classifiers and a behavioral signature-primarily based totally detector. Keywords: Cyber security, Malware, Emerging technology trends, Emerging cyber threats, Cyber attacks and countermeasures

Everything has shifted online since the outbreak of the pandemic, from education to full-time jobs to health check-ups. What's important to remember here is that the majority of our day-to-day activities increasingly include making payments online. Although e-payment and e-banking solutions have been available for some time now, the pandemic has effectively compelled a huge portion of the urban and rural populations to use them. This research study aims to find out how widely epayment and e-banking systems are used and how they affect the user experience. Researchers have often been drawn to digital payment systems since they are a relatively new concept (the first digital payment system was only established in the 1990s). Over time, researchers have attempted to characterize the value of digital payment systems and what they represented for modern ecommerce, consumer personal finance, and economies around the world. According to the literature analyzed from many articles and research papers, digital payment is significantly more convenient than traditional paper currency. There has been a lot of studies done on the problems with digital payment systems (such as serious security issues and inaccessibility to these systems owing to low internet penetration), which pushes developers to keep working on these systems for the purpose of safer and faster transactions. According to several studies, online payment technology can cut costs, increase the number of consumers for a firm, improve customer-company interaction, and improve the company's image. This necessitates businesses providing a frictionless payment experience to their customers. In this research paper, a large amount of secondary data, as well as primary data acquired via survey, was utilized to highlight the paper's aims, type, and, most importantly, to analyze and interpret the data in order to better address the problem statement. We've come to the conclusion that electronic payment solutions have a huge impact on client satisfaction. Customers are increasingly turning to e-payment systems as a result of the pandemic's regular lockdowns, which have limited access to banks and conventional ATMs. While making online payments, consumers look for offers, rewards, discounts, and other incentives, which distinguish them from cash on delivery payments. Businesses (large and small) should make sure that their customers have a variety of ways to pay for goods and services (debit cards, credit cards, digital wallets, UPI, prepaid cards). Purpose & Summary of Study 1) Purpose ● To ascertain the extent to which e-payment systems are employed. ● To examine the impact of e-payment systems on customer satisfaction. ● To discuss issues surrounding e-payment systems. 2) Summary: The goal of this study is to find out how widely e-payment and e-banking technologies are used and how they affect the user experience. For the purposes of this study, a large amount of related literature, as well as primary data acquired by survey, was evaluated. Concerns about e-payment systems have also been raised. We noticed that the pandemic has driven a big number of people to utilize e-payment systems and that having a functional and seamless online payment experience is critical to attracting customers to all types of enterprises. Despite security concerns and a lack of access to faster internet connections, Indians are beginning to embrace online payment solutions. Keywords: E-payments, Credit Cards, Online Transactions, Cash Payment, E-Commerce, Customer Satisfaction, Debit Cards, Google-Pay, UPI Apps, Internet Banking

The conveyor belt is one of the most operational critical equipment’s in the mining industry, they are mostly used in the transportation of crushed materials from the crushing station to where there’ll be further processed. Due to the increasing complexity of belt conveyor systems, managing their integrity has become even more difficult, as they are now used across various industries, environments and carry materials of different weight variations, leaving them susceptible to failures (1). This paper provides an industry specific knowledge on how Weibull analysis can be used to predict the failure rate of a conveyor belt system, using parameters such as the time to failure (TTF), installation and failure dates, as determinant parameters for the predictions. Several Weibull failure distributions and functions have been used to establish accuracy of results and to create comparisons on the different ways in which risk, unreliability and availability are quantified, using calculated values such as the Shape and scale parameter. The paper utilizes real world case studies in the area of mining, which sheds light on key component failures and their cut sets within the conveyor belt system (2) Keywords: TTF, TTR, Threshold parameter, Repair date, Shape parameter, B10, B15, B20, Scale parameter, ECA, CDF, PDF

In this paper, an autonomous Mars Rover is designed using the software SOLIDWORKS and a mechanical model is developed with in-depth simulations to analyse the functions of the vehicle. Furthermore, a graphical user interface is also developed based on the principles of Internet of Things using Node-Red to control and monitor the rover remotely. The red planet, i.e.; Mars, has been the centre of attraction for over 2 decades now, with astrophysicists and engineers working in unison to build devices and launch shuttle programs to understand and learn about the planet and gather more intelligence. This paper proposes the detailed development of a 6-wheeled rover that could explore the terrains of Mars, featuring a stereo vision system that could provide live video coverage and a robotic arm that can facilitate investigation of the surface, in an attempt to contribute to and fulfil the human race’s mission to Mars. It employs multiple onboard sensors that can acquire necessary data pertaining to the environmental conditions and actuators that enable functionality, with the sensors and actuators integrated onto a control system based on microcontrollers and microprocessors such as Arduino and Raspberry Pi. The rover also has a provision of a payload bay in its rear which enables it to carry loads. The SOLIDWORKS tool from Dassault systèmes is used to design and model the rover and carry out static analysis and motion studies. The GUI developed in the further sections allows overall voice control for the user and makes the task of monitoring the rover a much simpler task by eliminating the complexity that rises due to multiple control platforms. Keywords: Mars Rover, Graphical User Interface (GUI), Chassis, Mastcam, Actuators, Internet of Things (IoT), Nitinol, Payload

In the midst of the new educational policies, the resonance of learning has been astute. The New Education Policies in eons to heretofore has demonstrated an indifferent paranoia in the education existentialism. With what is seen and is reformed, the categorical enunciation stands no different from the reforms that are witnessed indistinct. The reforms were initiated in various sectors. The pending reforms were carried out after a long gap of three decades. This paper tries to analyses the fall outs of NEP. The objectives are to understand the origin of policies relating to education sectors, to understand the vision of NEP, to know about the principles of NEP and primary data analysis. The paper elaborates the challenges faced by the reforms pertaining to Education Policies, otherwise would afflict the new dimension of learning. Keywords: National Education Policy, Vision, HEI, Knowledge, Education Policies, Karnataka, Radical Restructuring.

Six Sigma is a tool which helps industries to control the defects and all other issues which can be possible factors to reduce the growth of the company. It was seen that in large scale industries, the Six Sigma is used form previous decades but when goes to small and medium scale industries, there is lack of implementation of Six Sigma and its tools, so in present review paper, various research papers selected in which small and medium scale industries are selected. In this paper all possible aspects of the Six Sigma is presented in detail. Keywords: Six Sigma, Tools, Small Scale Industries, DMAIC approach, Manufacturing Industries

The need for increase in food product is needed to feed ever adding world population. The process of contest is that adding of food product with loss of the working labour in agronomic corridor and thus the rising cost through ferocious agrarian interventions is getting a major concern (1). To enable this challenges, smart husbandry may be a ranch operation approach where Internet of Effects (IoT) is employed to beat this concern. Smart husbandry (2) is an approach that shall communicate information and communication technologies as facilitator of profitable husbandry operations. Smart Farming system is noticed as a jigger that specialize in the live monitoring of environmental data in conjugation of temperature, humidity and other types counting on the detectors integrated with it. The model hands over the conception of “ draw and sense “ methodology in which the stoner can directly apply smart husbandry by putting the system in the field and getting live feeds on colorful bias like smart phone, Tablet etal. and thus the data generated via these detectors are frequently fluently participated and viewed by husbandry advisers anywhere ever through Cloud Computing technology integration. This design pave growers to vary themselves from conventional to automated way of husbandry which can beget product of excellent quality of crop yield which will enhance the profit generation. The effigy contribute’s to the general nature and thus the metamorphosis by individual growers isnominal. In the period of food failure this may help us to supply third green revolutions by not modifying the yield but involving robotization in agrarian practices. This paper is the semantic review of the abstract on the smart husbandry with IoT. The major concern of the contest is delivery of the meaningful information in near-real- time. This paper focuses on the platform, network protocols, recycling data and the connection of smart husbandry with IoT to husbandry. The classic access shows the data used in the reactive manner. In moments ultramodern period where technology pave the life, new technological development enables data to over come crop issues and reform the certainty of crop opinion. Therefore, this paper presents the analysis of the effigy of granges operation which bolster the longer term of smart husbandry as a technology which inculcate robotization in husbandry. Keywords: Precision agriculture, Smart Irrigation System, Smart controlling System, Wireless Sensor networks, IOT.

The use of chatbots has seen a significant rise in the past few years, these pieces of software are seen on various Ecommerce platforms or banking platforms. These applications mostly involve the use of Rule-based chatbots, in this paper we have explored the possibility of using smart chatbots which can have a free-flowing conversation with the user. The training of these chatbots determines their ability to have a human-like conversation. The transformer model in this study has an encoderdecoder architecture, with a self-attention layer. The self-attention layer helps the model to have a context of the input, which gives it a reference of each word with respect to the other words in the sentence to the model. The model is being trained for various epochs and these outputs have been based against expected output and their similarity is calculated using Cosine Similarity Technique. The results from these tests were observed and presented in the paper. Keywords: Chatbot, Transformer Model, Self -Attention Layer, Epochs, Cosine Similarity.

The earth receives solar power at a rate of 120 petawatts, meaning that the energy obtained from the sun in a single day could satisfy the world’s energy needs for almost twenty years. Africa is often considered and referred as the "Sun continent" or the continent where the Sun's influence is the greatest, yet over 600 million people in sub-Saharan Africa live without electricity. This inexhaustible, untapped, abundant, and environmentally friendly solar energy potential encouraged solar power generation technologies to flourish faster than any other renewable energy technology most especially in Africa. The amount of electricity generated by a fixed-tilt solar PV system depends on the orientation of the PV panel (tilt and azimuth angle) relative to the sun. The panel of a solar PV system collect solar radiation more efficiently when the sun's rays are perpendicular to the panel: when the sun hits it directly at a 90o degree angle; but the sun is a moving target. Not only does it move across the sky throughout the day, but it is higher in the sky in the dry season (winter) from October to March and lower in the sky in the wet season (summer) from April to September. Since the climate is usually characterized into two seasons, the system optimization presented in this paper was carried out based on: yearly irradiation yield (fixed tilted plane) to guarantee optimum solar irradiation throughout the year, with 0.0% loss with respect to optimum. The system eliminates the challenges associated with changing the solar panel orientation every season, or using the expensive and inefficient sun tracker in tracking sun energy; while guaranteeing higher energy production, better system performance, lower system losses, and low operational cost. The system optimization was carried out with the “PVsyst simulation software” made for PV system designers and researchers to predict the performance of different solar system configurations, evaluate the results, and identify the best approach for maximum energy production. This paper investigated the optimal tilt and azimuth angle for solar panel orientation techniques for a typical rural community in Nigeria (Ndikelionwu) to advance rural electrification. After series of simulation and optimization processes; the best yearly irradiation yield was recorded when the solar panel is at 40o tilt and 0o Azimuth angle; with 0.0% loss with respect to optimum. Keywords: Optimization, PVsyst, Solar Irradiation, Tilt and Azimuth Angle, Global on Collector Plane, Fixed Tilted Plane, Rural Electrification, Solar Panel Orientation And Yearly Irradiation Yield.

The emergence of social media like twitter has reduced the size of the world from a humungous oblate ellipsoid to a complex network wherein individuals are just a few clicks away. Twitter, a free micro-blogging social media platform has become ever more popular not only as a social site for communication but also it has become a global source for stance on controversial politics, business advertising and follow up on current news. However, this has also lead to the rise of undesirable activities like spamming and presence of fake accounts. Today, a total of 1.3 billion accounts have been created on twitter and it estimates approximately 23 million of its active users are actually bots. One popular approach suggest to tackle these problems are employing Machine Learning tools to detect spam and subsequently remove them. In this paper, we have presented a detailed analysis on identifying spam accounts by key-features and latest methods, also by using machine learning algorithms and prepared comprehensive review for the best algorithm to implement based on inferences drawn from previous research papers and articles published in this field with discussion on recent features implemented by twitter to eradicate this sophisticated but tough to obliterate issue. Also, we have highlighted some common spammers’ behavior that has been observed over the years. Index Terms: Twitter spam; spam detection; machine learning

This paper investigates the characteristics of a gear system including contact stresses, bending stresses, and the transmission errors of gears in mesh. The objective of this paper is to compare values of contact stress and dynamic analysis obtained by theoretical hertz equation with the ANSYS result. A two stage spur gear box has been designed for material handling application by manual calculation and then performs contact stress and dynamic Simulation to ensure its reliable working. The results of the two-dimensional Finite Element Method (FEM) analysis from ANSYS and theoretical results are well comparable. Keywords: involute, spur gear, contact stress, dynamic analysis, finite element analysis

With the increase in crime rates across the world, it has become important for the Government and crime handling agencies to control the situation as it has put every person in distress. This paper is an attempt to systematically analyze and identify the crime trends across the years, the inter-state relations based on crime rates and categories through the data available, which will help in predicting the crime trends in future and will be instrumental for the Government to take informed actions and improve the country’s situation. This paper applies various data mining techniques in order to analyze the crime records in India. The results of analysis have been compared for various algorithms in the domain of Association Rule Mining, Clustering, Outlier Analysis, Regression and Classification. The paper also attempts to predict the future occurrences of crimes using classification and regression algorithms which use data mining techniques . Keywords: Crime Analysis, Data Mining, Association Rule Mining, Clustering, outlier Analysis, Classification, Regression

In this paper, a MATLAB based Simulink model of a Series-Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicle is presented. With the advent of Industry 4.0, the usage of Big Data, Machine Learning, Internet of Things, Artificial Intelligence, and similar groundbreaking domains of technology have usurped manual supervision in industrial as well as personal scenarios. This is aided by the drastic shift from orthodox and conventional Internal Combustion Engine based vehicles fuelled by fossil fuels in the order of petrol, diesel, etc., to fully functional electric vehicles developed by renowned companies, for example Tesla. Alongside 100% electric vehicles are hybrid vehicles that function on a system based on the integration of the conventional ICE and the modern Electric Propulsion System, which is referred to as the Hybrid Vehicle Drivetrain. Designs for modern HEVs and EVs are developed on computer software where simulations are run and all the essential parameters for the vehicle’s performance and sustainability are run and observed. This paper is articulated to discuss the parameters of a series-parallel HEV through an indepth MATLAB Simulink design, and further the observations are presented. Keywords: ICE (Internal Combustion Engine), HEV (Hybrid Electric Vehicle), Drivetrain, MATLAB, Simulink, PSD (Power Split Device), Vehicle Dynamics, SOC (State-of-Charge)

Early disease detection cannot be neglected in the healthcare domain and especially in the diseases where a person's life is at stake. According to the WHO, if the diseases are predicted on time, then the death rates could reduce. The paper's goal is to find out how to detect Breast Cancer, Skin Cancer, Lung Cancer, and Brain Tumor at the early stages with the help of Deep Learning techniques. The authors of different papers have used different techniques and Algorithms like Adaptive Median Filters, Gaussian Filters, CNN algorithms, etc. Keywords: Breast Cancer, Skin Cancer, Brain Tumor, Lung Cancer, Deep Learning, CNN, SVM, Random Forest

In the modern era of today’s exceptional Information age, the day to day transactions of huge sensitive data sets, which is in the form of PBs (Peta-Bytes) 250 bytes and YBs (Yotta – Bytes) 280 bytes are drastically increases with enormous speed on CLOUD data storage environment. CLOUDs data storage environment are one of the most superior and reliable platform for storing a large sets of data both at enterprise level or local level. Because CLOUD provides online data fetching capability to restore or fetching data at any geographical locations through login their correspondent credentials. But to enhancement or spread of these large data sets are becomes also very complex with respect to maintenance of these data with take concern of consistency and data security, because to maintain these large data sets with full of consistency and integrity are really a very typical and rational tasks, so here In this paper we proposed a distributed database management systems for CLOUD interface also preserves or to take concern data security features with full restoration of CIA (Confidentiality, Integrity, Availability or Authenticity) trade of Information Security. Here we also improvised the mechanisms of traditional distributed database management systems because the tendency to preserves information and recover ability after any misconceptions happens that we restore data which belongs to similar person may have to be stored at different locations, but this newly proposed distributed database systems architecture contains all information or record which belong to similar person are stored in one database rather restore it different databases but the location of these data have to be changes mean while that the content or data which resides in one databases have to be moved to some other database and also preserves the security features, and this model also have capability to run older traditional methodology based distributed database management systems using this model. So the detailed description about these models and communication infrastructure among different CLOUDs are append in the upcoming sections of this paper. Keywords: Cloud based Distributed Database system model, Distributed system, Distributed Database model of CLOUD, Cloud Distributed Database, CLOUD based database systems

Nigeria’s population is over 180 million by estimation. It is not out of place to assume that she is one of the fastest growing populations in the world. In as much as she celebrates her status as the giant of Africa, her place as ‘a giant’ calls for a reflective thought at the rate with which her educational curriculum operates mainly in paper forms. On the issue of the private education, many challenges such as; shortage of qualified teachers without in-service training, structures and infrastructures, interaction with the government for gaining approval, extortion of illegal school tax from proprietors, lack of formal school management procedures like business plans, records and accountability etcetera. The culmination of the above issues is enormous. However, this paper seeks to argue on the negative effects of the 3Rs (rote learning approach) on the Nigerian learners that is promoting poverty and operation. The paper does that using a historical study to suggest for a curriculum that will liberate the Nigerian child, encourage problem solving (critical thinking skills), looks at the implication of the goodwill of a centralized educational curriculum that Nigerian early educational elites partly proposed with the oil boom in mind, the alternative way forward now that the oil has gone low. The paper goes forward to touch on the need to decentralize the educational system and give autonomy for each state to define her community context and design a curriculum that will address her context using the child’s mother tongue for contextualized knowledge that will not sever the child from his/her moral/cultural norms considering how fast they are disappearing. Keywords: Curriculum, Implementation, Context, Mother Tongue, Private Education.

The purpose of this paper is to conduct a literature survey on the developments of surveillance systems while laying strong emphasis on AI-related developments. With the rise in availability of video data and advancements in computer vision techniques, the role of AI in surveillance has become more prominent. Most surveillance footage is used for investigative purposes after an event has occurred instead of providing real-time alerts. The systems discussed in this paper help achieve this goal of providing real-time alerts. Limitations and strengths of the systems are also discussed.

Smart home systems are having in great popularity and demand for the past few decades as they increase the comfort and quality of life. Smartphones and microcontrollers are used to control most of these devices.A smartphone application is used to monitor home functions and perform various tasks with wireless communication technologies. IoT has changed organizations by incorporating dexterity and effectiveness. However, one of the biggest concerns associated with this field is Security. In 2016, a hacker had discovered a weakness in video cameras that came about in very nearly 300,000 IoT gadgets assaulting other online media stages, which even cut down Twitter. This is only one of the numerous instances of how Security has frequently got compromised in 'things.' In this survey paper, our objective is to know the details of smart home ,its’s archictecture and it’s security issues in this contemporary world. We will survey the security concerns of IoT in Smart Homes. Towards the second part of the paper, we will also discuss some of the developments that have been made to overcome these challenges and used for security in smart homes. Keywords: Sensors, Internet of things, Security, Smart Homes, Home appliances.

Mulching has long been used to conserve soil moisture, manage weeds, modify soil temperature, and create a microclimate for plants. There are a variety of strategies for improving crop growing conditions, including increasing productivity and reducing the amount of water necessary to grow the crops. However, mulching paper, also known as agricultural film, is one of the most effective ways to cover the soil and keep the crop in the right environment This mulching paper comes in a varietyof varieties, but because plastic mulching is well-known for requiring less effort, we've chosen to work on an automatic mulching paper laying machine that also includes a drip laying attachment. Moisture in the soil is critical for crop survival in arid environments. Mulching with plastic paper film around theroot area of plants prevents weed growth while also storing water and preventing soil dehydration, however this method takes a lot of money and time. So the 'Mulching paper laying machine with hole punching' will save money and time because it will handle both chores at once, laying mulching paper and punching holes in the ground. A body, a mainframe with hoeing blades, hole punching wheels, drip role holder, and punching mechanism make up the plastic mulch laying machine. The mulch was laid on the prepared plantation bed by the machine in conjunction with the drip pipe. This will lay mulch onthe bed without destroying it, as well as punch the holes to the desired dimensions. The product might be used in agriculture to grow tomatoes, watermelons, muskmelons, and other hybrid varieties of crops. Bylowering the capital cost and time of laying the mulching paper using the most convenient way, as well as installing the drip irrigation pipe in one pass of the machine, it will be simple for the farmer. (Key words: agriculture, mulching paper, weed control)

In today’s era there are speed economic developments, the corporate Social responsibility has become the main focus. In corporate world marketing through advertisement and Corporate Social Responsibility has become a major factor. Generally, the corporate gains profit via marketing, advertisements, QoS and corporate Social responsibility (CSR). There are more possibilities of raise in corporate share market when they collaborate with government social responsibility. The paper investigates a novel algorithm named as “Branding and developing business (BDB) algorithm via CSR. The proposed system handles both the economy of Government and Corporate mutually. The corporate profit chances tax Benefits and share rate increase are checked continuously. Moreover, when the government subsidizes the corporate and the retailer simultaneously, only the retailer's profit increases in the corporate CSR effort. Further in this paper, the profit perspectives of corporate and Government through CSR are also proposed. Keywords: corporate social responsibility (CSR), BDB, Government, Share Market.

Artificial Intelligent give us capability to detect emotions of human being. Due variation of individual expression it is difficult to find precisely. With AI we can mimics a human's capability like recognising someone with a restricted facial feature. this . paper, of mine indentify the face emotions by detecting areas of face like eyes, nose, lips, and forehead. By implementing two repressing methods like histogram and data augmentation we propos to extract characteristics of facial emotion. Here in this paper two dimensional architecture is used. First is used for inputting greyscale of face image where as second is for accepting histograms. the final process calculate the result on the bases of KNN and SVM classifiers. The results indicates that proposed algorithm detect six fundamental facial emotions , Happiness, Anger, Fear and surprise. Précised result are expected by using trained model data set. Keywords: SVM, KNN, FER, DNN, VGG16, HOG, HSOG.

Mining is the most dangerous peacetime profession and coal mining is more so because of fire by spontaneous combustion, methane explosion, etc. Out of 7 subsidiaries of Coal India, Bharat Coking Coal Ltd. have maximum environmental challenges. The authors have studied the critical issues of management and presented summarily how the problems are being tackled. CIL has strongly fostered the belief that people living in mining areas are important stakeholders in the process of mine development and taking various activities for the development of the area. In this paper, the roles of different stakeholders in a coal company are analyzed for all-around development and cooperation. The global scenario on CSR has also been studied. In this paper, the authors have described special studies in sustainable mining with stakeholder engagement in Bharat Coking Coal Ltd, a subsidiary of Coal India Ltd, a major producer of valuable coking coal in India. The results ensured trouble-free operations among highly unemployed people in the mining areas, because of the closure of uneconomic mines. Keywords: Mines Fire Control; Pollution Control; Impact of Mining: Corporate Social Responsibility; Stake-holders role; Inclusive Growth.

Computer Networking Play’s a major role for data communication or data sharing and data transmissions from one location to another, which are geographically differ, but in today’s scenario where the main and primary major concerns are not to data transfer but also utilize all resources with greater efficiency and also preserves the confidentiality and integrity of the messages with respect to speed and time with lower Bandwidth and also consume a very low computational costs with low power supply and redirect to optimality. Cloud Computing also play’s a significant role to access data at geographically different locations. So In this paper we create a fusion of Computer Networking Architecture and Cloud Computing Architecture and released a very much superior fundamentally strong Cloud computing based Computer Networking model, which works on the concepts of ‘Virtualization’. Because when the number of hardware components (Servers) drastically increases all factors which are responsible to make possible networking among nodes are also consume each resources at extreme level, and networking becomes complex and slow, that’s why we used the concept of Virtual Machine. In this paper we proposed a Computer Networking model using the concepts of Cloud Computing. This model also suitable for data transmission but also take concern the most significant feature of Computer Networking, which is Data Security. This model also used some Proxy servers/ firewalls to take concern some security mechanisms. In this paper we also proposed Communication Oriented model among the Intercluster domains that how one node which belongs to another CLOUD cluster make possible communication among other InterCLOUD clusters with respect to data security measures. In this paper we proposed three models related to this networking model, which is CLOUD Networking Infrastructure, Connection Oriented model, Communication Oriented model. The detailed description of all three models are in the upcoming sections of this paper. Keywords: Cloud computing based computer networking model, A virtual model for computer networking, Computer Networking model based on virtualization, Virtualization based computer networking model.