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The Tibetan Plateau is a product of the continental collision between the Indian and Asian plates along the Indus-Yarlung suture zone that started in the early Cenozoic. This collision initially produced stress at the collisional boundary and later propagated with time on both the Indian plate and Asian plate. Many studies have reported tectonic deformation in the Himalayas representing the immediate response of continental collision on the Indian side near the collisional boundary. However, there have been only few studies on the early Cenozoic shortening structures in the Lhasa block that forms the southernmost part of the Asian plate. In this study, we performed Ar/Ar geochronology of syntectonic muscovite from the Sinongduo thrust system in the central Lhasa block. The results show that the Sinongduo thrust system was active in the Early Eocene. We interpret the Sinongduo thrust system as an immediate response to the India-Asia collision in the Lhasa block. This study reconciles the early Cenozoic India-Asia collision with the lack of tectonic response in the Lhasa block. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents new apatite fission track (AFT) and apatite (U-Th)/He (AHe) data from the Duolong ore district. The corresponding AFT and AHe ages provide insights into the uplift and exhumation history of the Duolong ore district, revealing rapid exhumation with an erosional exhumation rate of 0.067 km/Ma between 65 and 35 Ma, and slow exhumation with an erosional exhumation rate of 0.023 km/Ma since 35 Ma. The new data in this study, along with previous low-temperature thermochronology data, show that samples with ages from 130 to 83 Ma are distributed close to Shuanghu in the central Qiangtang, samples with ages from 65 to 45 Ma are distributed evenly across the whole Qiangtang terrane, and several samples with ages from 20 to 7 Ma are distributed at the edge of the Qiangtang terrane. The Qiangtang terrane experienced heterogeneous surface uplift. The central Qiangtang was initially uplifted during the Early Cretaceous, and the weathered paleosoil dated between 120 and 110 Ma in the Duolong ore district is consistent with the exhumation during this period. Large-scale uplift and exhumation of the Qiangtang terrane between the Palaeocene and Eocene is consistent with the rapid exhumation of the Duolong ore district between 65 and 35 Ma; finally, the uplift and exhumation at the edge of the Qiangtang terrane since the Eocene caused the Duolong ore district to be uplifted to its present elevation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Jurassic magmatic and volcanic rocks are widespread along the west central Lhasa subterrane. However, the petrogenesis of these rocks is poorly understood because of lacking high-quality geochronology and geochemical data. Here, we present new zircon U-Pb age and Hf isotopic data, whole-rock geochemical and Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic data for the Songduole and Qiangnong plutons in Geji area. LA-ICP-MS dating of zircon yield crystallization ages of 172.1 ± 1.9 and 155.9 ± 1.2 Ma for the Songduole and Qiangnong plutons, respectively. Geochemically, Songduole and Qiangnong granodiorite are characterized by high MgO (2.63-3.49 wt%), high Mg# (49-50), and low TiO2 (0.48-0.57 wt%). Besides, all rocks show metaluminous, calc-alkaline signatures, with strong depletion of Nb, Ta, and Ti, enrichment of large-ion lithophile (e.g. Rb, Th, K), and a negative correlation between SiO2 and P2O5. All these features are indicative of arc-related I-type magmatism. Five samples from the Songduole granodiorite have whole rock (87Sr/86Sr)i of 0.71207-0.71257, εNd(t) values of −15.1 to −13.9, zircon εHf(t) values of −17.4 to −10.5, (206Pb/204Pb)t ratios of 18.402-18.854, (207Pb/204Pb)t ratios of 15.660-15.736, and (208Pb/204Pb)t ratios of 38.436-39.208. Samples from the Qiangnong granodiorite have (87Sr/86Sr)i of 0.71230-0.71252, εNd(t) values of −15.1 to −14.2, zircon εHf(t) values of −12.6 to −6.4, (206Pb/204Pb)t ratios of 18.688-18.766, (207Pb/204Pb)t ratios of 15.696-15.717, and (208Pb/204Pb)t ratios of 38.546-39.083. These geochemical signatures indicate that the two plutons most likely originated from partial melting of the ancient Lhasa lower crust with obvious inputs of mantle-derived melts. Combined with regional geology, our results indicate that the Jurassic magmatism in the west central Lhasa subterrane most likely resulted from the southward subduction of the Bangong Ocean lithosphere beneath the central Lhasa terrane. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Longmala and Mengya’a deposits are two representative skarn Pb–Zn deposits of the Nyainqêntanglha Pb–Zn–(Cu–Mo–Ag) polymetallic belt in the Gangdese region, Tibet, China. Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) zircon U–Pb dating of the mineralization-related biotite monzogranite from the Longmala deposit yielded a weighted mean age of 55.7 Ma, which can be interpreted as the emplacement age of the pluton. Re–Os dating of three molybdenite samples from the Longmala deposit yielded model ages of 51.8–54.3 Ma, with a weighted mean age of 53.3 Ma, which is interpreted as the mineralization age of the deposit and overlaps the age of the causative intrusion. The Re–Os dating of four molybdenite samples from the Mengya’a deposit yielded model ages of 60.4–65.8 Ma, with a weighted mean age of 63.6 Ma, which represents the mineralization age of this deposit. Our new precise age data for these two deposits are consistent with the existing ages of ca. 65–51 Ma for other skarn polymetallic deposits in the Nyainqêntanglha metallogenic belt. In addition, these new age data, combined with existing information on the geological evolution history of the Lhasa terrane, indicate that the belt of skarn deposits is closely related to initial collision between India and the Asian continents. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The mechanisms triggering the emplacement of Cretaceous magmatic rocks related to Neo-Tethyan subduction in the southern Lhasa subterrane (SLT) remain controversial because geochronological, geochemical, and isotopic data from the Cretaceous magmatic rocks in the western portion of the SLT are lacking. This paper provides the first report indicating that the Dazhuqu hornblende gabbro and Xietongmen granite porphyry were generated in the Late Cretaceous (ca. 100 Ma and ca. 68 Ma, respectively) in the western portion of the SLT. The Dazhuqu hornblende gabbro is characterized by high MgO, Na2O, Cr, Co, and Mg# values, enrichment in light rare earth elements (LREEs) and large ion lithophile elements (LILEs), and depletion in high field strength elements with no Eu anomalies. The Xietongmen granite porphyry displays high SiO2, low MgO, Mg#, Cr, Co, and Ni, enrichment in LREEs and LILEs, flat heavy rare earth element (HREE) patterns and negative Eu anomalies. Zircons from the Dazhuqu hornblende gabbro and Xietongmen granite porphyry display high positive εHf(t) ranges from 11.79 to 14.91 and from 9.05 to 12.38, respectively. The Dazhuqu hornblende gabbro was produced by the partial melting of 12–15% garnet peridotite in the depleted mantle that was metasomatized by fluids released from the dehydrating subducted Neo-Tethyan oceanic slab. This magma was then emplaced at an upper crustal depth of 5.3–7.0 km. The Xietongmen granite porphyry was generated by the partial melting of underplated basaltic crust during the subduction of the Neo-Tethyan oceanic crust and formed in the presence of pyroxene, plagioclase, and minor hornblende in its magmatic source. In combination with previously published data from Cretaceous magmatic rocks in the SLT, our data suggest that the petrogenesis of the Dazhuqu hornblende gabbro was related to flat or low-angle slab subduction of the Neo-Tethyan oceanic crust during 109–97 Ma and that the formation of the Xietongmen granite porphyry was related to lithospheric delamination in the western portion of the SLT after ca. 68 Ma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article reports new zircon laser ablation-multicollector-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry U-Pb and Hf isotope, whole-rock major and trace element, and Sr-Nd isotope data for mineralized and barren intrusions associated with the Duolong porphyry-epithermal copper-(gold) deposit (DPCD, a mining camp containing several individual deposits) in the western Qiangtang Terrane (QT), central Tibet. These data are used to further our understanding of the geological evolution of this region. The mineralized and barren DPCD intrusions are typical I-type granitoids that were synchronously emplaced at ca. 112.6-125.9 Ma. These igneous rocks show arc affinities that are characterized by enrichments in the light rare earth elements (LaN/YbN = 4.08-15.23) and the light ion lithophile elements (Rb, Th, U, K, and Pb), and depletions in the high field strength elements (Nb, Ta, and Ti). They have 87Sr/86Sr(i) values of 0.7046-0.7079, Nd(t) values of -6.0 to +1.1, and two-stage Nd model ages of ca. 823-1410 Ma. Zircons from these intrusive rocks have variable but generally positive εHf(t) values (-2.7 to +13.7) and relatively young zircon Hf crustal model ages of 335-1351 Ma. Combining these data with geochemical data reported in recent studies, we infer that the mineralized and barren DPCD intrusions formed in a continental marginal arc setting and likely originated from a common parental magma that was result of magma mixing of juvenile crust-derived basaltic melts and old lower crust-derived melts. The formation of the DPCD intrusions indicates that the Bangongco-Nujiang oceanic lithosphere was still undergoing northward subduction beneath the western QT at ca. 112.6-125.9 Ma, suggesting in turn that the oceanic basin have not closed completely during the Early Cretaceous. These new data also indicate that the processes that occur during the subduction of oceanic crust in continental marginal arc settings produce and preserve juvenile crustal material, leading to net continental crust vertical growth and thickening. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]