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In this study, we experimentally investigate the effects of metal foam porous rings on heat transfer, pressure drop, and the heat transfer performance ratio of two non-Newtonian fluids in a double-pipe heat exchanger. Enhancing the heat transfer rate is crucial for reducing the size and cost of heat exchangers. We considered various parameters in the experiment, including the power-law index (0.91 and 0.85), porous ring thickness (4, 6, and 8 mm), and the number of porous rings (2, 4, 6). The flow is a turbulent regime, with the Reynolds number ranging from 4000 to 10,000. The test setup includes a test section with a length of 1.6 m and a diameter ratio of 0.6. Open-cell copper metal foam rings with a porosity of 0.92 are placed in the annular pipe, while the internal surface of the inner pipe is subjected to constant heat flux. The results show that, for non-Newtonian Carboxy Methyl Cellulose fluids with concentrations of 0.1% and 0.2%, the average heat transfer coefficients at Reynolds number 4000 increase by 22.0% and 32.0%, respectively. With porous rings, these coefficients increase by 80.3% and 92.7%. Additionally, the average friction factor increases by 19.2% and 35.5% without porous rings and by 320% and 280% with porous rings, respectively. Furthermore, increasing the number of porous rings from 2 to 6 increases the Nusselt number by approximately 16.8% and 17.1%, respectively. The maximum friction factor is 400% higher when using a 0.2% concentration of non-Newtonian fluid. Finally, the performance of the two non-Newtonian fluids improved by approximately 28% and 36.4%, respectively, compared to the base fluid. • Nu number & friction factor of non-Newtonian fluids in double-pipe with porous ring. • Nusselt number increased by 22% & 32% without and by 80.3% & 92.7% with porous ring. • Friction factor increased by 19.2% & 35.5% without and 320% & 280% with porous ring. • Adding porous ring from 2 to 6 raised non-Newtonian fluid Nusselt by 17.1% & 15.7%. • Maximum friction factor was 400% when using CMC 0.2% fluid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High-performance micromixers play a crucial role in diverse industrial applications. Utilizing chaotic advection as a well-established technique improves mixing efficiency due to the induction of strong secondary flows, acting at the microscopic level for homogenization. This study systematically compares the micromixing process of non-Newtonian fluids using different configurations of spiral micromixers, including Simple Spiral Micromixer (SSM), Rectangular Spiral Micromixer (RSM), Variable Radius Spiral Micromixer (VRSM), and Twisted Spiral Micromixer (TSM). The examination is performed by analyzing effective parameters, such as microchannel geometry, inlet configuration, microchannel aspect ratio, Reynolds number (30 < Re 〈110), and non-Newtonian fluid characteristics, i.e., flow index (0.05 < n < 1) and relaxation time (0.007 s < λ < 0.7 s). Non-Newtonian shear-thinning behavior is described by using the Carreau-Yasuda model. The results include velocity profiles, distributions of the mass fraction, overall assessment of micromixers' performance, mixing energy cost (MEC), the ratio of the Poiseuille number to mixing index (P 0 / MI), and figure of merit (FoM). It is revealed that the TSM micromixer exhibits superior mixing with MI > 84% at Re = 110 when n = 0.05 and 0.2128. The value of FoM strongly depends on n, for instance, FoM of the TSM micromixer is 0.00014 and 0.00004 for n = 0.05 and 0.8, respectively when Re = 50. It is revealed that the MEC is enhanced with n for all micromixers for a given Re , for instance, the MEC of RSM micromixer is about 0.05, 0.07, and 0.38 for n = 0.05, 0.5, and 0.8, respectively, when Re = 50. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the modern day science and medics, scholars are focusing on the behavioral study of non-Newtonian fluid and its relevance with ciliated motion in human body. This would offer advanced avenues of research to mitigate the risks of new and contagious diseases relating to various systems in human body. This manuscript focuses on the behaviour of metachronal wave in Prandtl fluid generated by ciliated movement through a horizontal tapering channel once magnetic field is applied to the fluid. The theoretical approach raises mathematical calculations and results obtained presented highly nonlinear system of PDEs. Latterly, ODEs are developed which accrue the accurate results by using scaling group of transformations. Second, approximation of long wavelength and low Reynold's number used to analyze the flow motion caused by metachronal waves. The emerging equations achieved are further solved numerically using the bvp4c method. Results are engendered through graphical attempt of velocity, temperature, pressure gradient, pressure rise and wall shear stress graphs in relation to various factors. It can be inferred that theoretical impact of velocity profile for magnetic parameter decreases near the walls of the ciliated channel while increases in the middle of channel. It concludes that magnetic field opposes the strength of the flow close to the walls. Another observation is the flow of temperature across the subject domain is accelerated by the Brinkman number. Thus, the flow of heat transfer may be increased by the fast metachronal wave and fixed initial temperature. While streamlines are also fabricated to exhibit the flow phenomenon of ciliary motion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics of two kinds of binary hydrate slurries CO 2 -TBAB and CO 2 -THF in a horizontal tube are investigated experimentally. It is found that CO 2 -TBAB hydrate slurry shows Herschel-Bulkley (H–B) fluid characteristics at low flow velocity (<0.35 m/s) and as a dilatants fluid at high flow velocity (>0.45 m/s). On the other hand, CO 2 -THF hydrate slurry exhibits dilatant fluid properties in the flow velocity range of 0.1–0.8 m/s. Moreover, heat transfer characteristics of CO 2 -TBAB slurry are studied at different TBAB initial concentrations, flow velocities and heating powers. The local convective heat transfer coefficient decreases in the slurry region and then increases in the aqueous solution region. The hydrate slurry produced with 15 wt% initial concentration of TBAB shows a longer slurry region and a shorter solution region. The local convective heat transfer coefficient of CO 2 -TBAB hydrate slurry with 5 wt% TBAB is in a range of 4413–5397 W/m2K and its phase change zone is at a temperature of 12–14 °C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study of swirling flows and heat transfer near various rotating machines, such as fans, turbines and centrifugal pumps, is necessary and important for many manufacturing processes in industry, especially the cooling of turbojet engines. The flow and heat transfer of power-law fluids over an infinite rotating disk is investigated in this paper. A generalized Fourier heat transfer model is introduced in which the thermal conductivity is assumed to depend on temperature gradient. New similarity variables are defined and the governing equations in the boundary layer are reduced to a set of coupling ordinary differential equations. An improved multi-shooting method is proposed to solve the resulting singular boundary value problems. The effects of the power-law index and local Prandtl number on velocity, pressure and temperature fields are analyzed. Especially, the viscosity coefficient and heat conductivity are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the two-dimensional, incompressible non-Newtonian Blasius boundary-layer flow over a heated flat plate is considered. The variational viscosity which impact that model is considered. The thermo-physical properties and solar radiation effect are also discussed. Solutions are analyzed for the shear-thinning and thickening flows. The boundary layer governing equations are firstly non-dimensionalzed and then solved with aid of RK-fifth order method along with Newton Raphson method. The physical characteristics of the appearing parameters on the base-flow, temperature and concentration are presented in the form of figures and tables. Comparison has been made with previous literature and found to be in good agreement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of the present work is to investigate the Rayleigh–Bénard convection in non-Newtonian fluids with arbitrary conducting boundaries. A linear and weakly nonlinear analysis is performed. The rheological behavior of the fluid is described by the Carreau model. As a first step, the critical Rayleigh number and wavenumber for the onset of convection are computed as a function of the ratios ξ b and ξ t of the thermal conductivities of the bottom and top slabs to that of the fluid. In the second step, the preferred convection pattern is determined using an amplitude equation approach. The stability of rolls and squares is investigated as a function of ( ξ b , ξ t ) and the rheological parameters. The bounded region of ( ξ b , ξ t ) space where squares are stable decreases with increasing shear-thinning effects. This is related to the fact that shear-thinning effects increase the nonlinear interactions between sets of rolls that constitute the square patterns [1]. For a significant deviation from the critical conditions, the nonlinear convection terms and nonlinear viscous terms become stronger, reducing overall the stability domain of squares. The largest Nusselt number, Nu , is obtained for perfectly conducting boundaries. For a given ( ξ b , ξ t ), the stable solution yields the largest Nusselt number. The enhancement of heat transfer due to shear-thinning effects is significantly reduced for poorly heat conducting plates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main focus of present attempt is model a peristaltic phenomenon of Phan-Thien-Tanner (PTT) fluid with consideration of Joule heating, Hall and ion-slip and dissipation effects. The Lorentz force is further considered to investigate the fluid flow transport in a channel. Electrically conducted fluid is considered in a symmetric channel. Energy conservation principles is employed to inspect the heat transfer analysis. Explicit expressions of stream function, pressure gradient and temperature for small Weissenberg number are constructed. Solutions of modeled problem is computed by employing regular perturbation technique. Graphical views of significant variables on axial velocity, pressure gradient and temperature are interpreted. The phenomena for pumping and trapping are carefully analyzed. Outcomes disclose that velocity of the channel boosts up against Hall current and ion slip variables. Furthermore, the presence of Joule heating greatly effects the behavior of magnetic and Hall current variables on temperature. The outcomes of current model could be utilized in drug delivery and controlling the blood flow systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Heat and mass transfer rates play a significant role in achieving a high-efficiency, low-cost wire coating process. Therefore, the flow analysis of molten polymer (polyvinyl chloride) carrying nanoparticles inside a pressure-type die is presented. The third-grade liquid model is used for the constitutive equation of the polyvinyl chloride (PVC), while the non-homogeneous biphasic model is used for nanoparticles. The properties of PVC are temperature-dependent. The melt flow is governed by the modified Navier-Stokes equation for the third-grade fluid, energy conservation, and nanoparticles' continuity equation. The finite difference method-based routine is applied to solve the nonlinear differential equations that include nine physical parameters. The Response Surface Method (RSM) is implemented to optimize the heat/mass transfer rate coated wire's eminence depends on the coating material's rheological characteristics of PVC. Full quadratic correlation models for heat/mass transfer rate of melt are proposed through central-composite-design (CCD). The optimal level of third-grade fluid factor and nanofluid factors was determined to achieve an optimum heat/mass transfer rate of the melt. The rheological characteristics of PVC have been improved due to the temperature-dependent viscosity and shear thickening/thinning property of the melt. The nanofluid factors improve the thermal field and subsequently reduce the Nusselt number. Maximum heat transfer occurs for a low level of Brownian factor, a high level of thermophoresis factor, and a third-grade fluid factor of 0.2177, also reaching the maximum mass transfer simultaneously. • Flow analysis of polyvinyl chloride carrying nanoparticles inside a die is proposed. • Heat and mass transfer rates are optimized using the response surface method. • The temperature-dependent properties of polyvinyl chloride are examined. • Heat transport rate is enhanced in the melt flow in a die due to nanoparticles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Similarity solutions for the problem of free convection flow over a non-isothermal horizontal plate embedded in porous media are investigated in the presence of internal heat generation. The porous medium is saturated with non-Newtonian power law fluid. Numerical results are obtained for the effect of power law temperature profile and fluid index on the heat transfer characteristics. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: This work studies the Soret and Dufour effects on the free convection boundary layers over a vertical plate with variable wall heat and mass fluxes in a porous medium saturated with a non-Newtonian power law fluid with yield stress. The governing equations are transformed into a dimensionless form by the similarity transformation and then solved by a cubic spline collocation method. Results are presented for the local surface temperature and concentration for various parameters of the power law fluid with yield stress in porous media. An increase in the power law exponent decreases the local surface temperature and concentration, thus increasing the local Nusselt and Sherwood numbers. An increase in the Soret parameter tends to increase the local surface concentration, thus decreasing the local Sherwood number. Moreover, increasing the Dufour number increases the surface temperature and thus decreases the local Nusselt number. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: In this study convective heat transfer of multi-wall carbon nanotube (MWCNT)-based nanofluids in a straight tube under constant wall heat flux condition is numerically investigated. To achieve this goal Navier–Stokes equations are solved using the finite volume technique with considering CNT-based nanofluids as non-Newtonian fluids of shear-thinning character using the non-Newtonian power law model. The objectives of this research are to provide detailed information of non-Newtonian behavior of CNT nanofluids, comparison of the numerical simulation predictions to the experimental measurements and investigation of non-Newtonian effects on the local heat transfer of the CNT nanofluid and compare the thermal performance of the CNT nanofluids and conventional fluids. As a result the heat transfer coefficient is dominated by the wall region due to non-Newtonian behavior of CNT nanofluid. The results reported in this paper illustrate that the numerical simulation can be one of the most powerful and beneficial tools for the CNT nanofluids optimization and performance analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: This article numerically studies the combined laminar free convection flow with thermal radiation and mass transfer of non-Newtonian power-law fluids along a vertical plate within a porous medium. The solution takes the diffusion-thermo (Dufour), thermal-diffusion (Soret), thermal radiation and power-law fluid index effects into consideration. The governing boundary layer equations along with the boundary conditions are first cast into a dimensionless form by a similarity transformation and the resulting coupled differential equations are then solved by the differential quadrature method (DQM). The effects of the radiation parameter R, the power-law index n, the Dufour number D f, and the Soret number S r on the fluid flow, thermal and concentration fields are discussed in detail. The results indicate that when the buoyancy ratio of concentration to temperature is positive, N >0, the local Nusselt number increases with an increase in the power-law index and the Soret number or a decrease in the radiation parameter and the Dufour number. In addition, the local Sherwood number for different values of the controlling parameters is also obtained. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: This paper studies the double diffusion flow over a vertical truncated cone with variable heat and mass fluxes in a porous medium saturated with non-Newtonian power-law fluids. A coordinate transformation is used to obtain the nonsimilar governing equations, and the transformed boundary layer equations are then solved by the cubic spline collocation method. Results for local surface temperature and concentration are presented as functions of power-law indexes, exponents for variable heat and mass fluxes, buoyancy ratios, and Lewis numbers. The local surface temperature and concentration of the truncated cone decrease as the exponents for variable heat and mass fluxes are increased. Moreover, a decrease in the power-law index of fluids tends to decrease the local surface temperature and concentration of the truncated cone. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: This work studies the problem of the steady natural convection boundary layer flow over a downward-pointing vertical cone in porous media saturated with non-Newtonian power-law fluids under mixed thermal boundary conditions. A similarity analysis is performed, and the obtained similar equations are solved by cubic spline collocation method. The effects of the power-law viscosity index and the similarity exponent on the heat transfer characteristics under mixed thermal boundary conditions have been studied. Under mixed thermal boundary conditions, both the surface heat flux and the surface temperature are found to decrease when the power-law viscosity index of the non-Newtonian power-law fluid in porous media is increased. Moreover, an increase in the similarity exponent tends to increase the boundary layer thickness and thus decreases the surface heat flux under mixed thermal conditions. The generalized governing equations derived in this work can be applied to the cases of prescribed surface temperature and prescribed heat flux. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: This work presents a boundary-layer analysis about the natural convection heat and mass transfer near a vertical truncated cone with variable wall temperature and concentration in a porous medium saturated with non-Newtonian power-law fluids. A coordinate transform is used to obtain the nonsimilar governing equations, and the transformed boundary-layer equations are solved by the cubic spline collocation method. Results for local Nusselt numbers are presented as functions of power-law indexes, surface temperature and concentration exponents, buoyancy ratios, and Lewis numbers. The heat and mass transfer rates of the truncated cones with higher surface temperature and concentration exponents are higher than those with lower exponents. Moreover, an increase in the power-law index of fluids tends to decrease the heat and mass transfer from a vertical truncated cone in a porous medium saturated with non-Newtonian power-law fluids. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: This work studies the coupled heat and mass transfer by natural convection near a vertical wavy surface in a non-Newtonian fluid saturated porous medium with thermal and mass stratification. The surface of the vertical wavy plate is kept at constant wall temperature and concentration. A coordinate transformation is employed to transform the complex wavy surface to a smooth surface, and the obtained boundary layer equations are then solved by the cubic spline collocation method. Effects of thermal and concentration stratification parameters, Lewis number, buoyancy ratio, power-law index, and wavy geometry on the important heat and mass transfer characteristics are studied. Results show that an increase in the thermal and concentration stratification parameter decreases the buoyancy force and retards the flow, thus decreasing the heat and mass transfer rates between the fluid and the vertical wavy surface. It is shown that an increase in the power-law index, the thermal stratification parameter, or the concentration stratification parameter leads to a smaller fluctuation of the local Nusselt and Sherwood numbers with the streamwise coordinate. Moreover, the total heat transfer rate and the total mass transfer rate of vertical wavy surfaces are higher than those of the corresponding smooth surfaces. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: An analytical study on the viscous dissipation effect on entropy generation in fully developed forced convection for single phase non-Newtonian fluid flow in circular microchannels is reported. In the first-law analysis, closed form solutions of the temperature distributions in the radial direction for the models with and without viscous dissipation term in the energy equation are obtained. In the second-law analysis, the two models are compared by analyzing their relative deviations in dimensionless entropy generation and Bejan number for different Brinkman number and power-law index. The findings show that under certain conditions the viscous dissipation effect on entropy generation in microchannels is significant and should not be neglected. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: This paper studies the double-diffusive natural convection near a vertical wavy truncated cone in a non-Newtonian fluid saturated porous medium with thermal and mass stratification. The surface of the truncated cone is kept at constant wall temperature and concentration. A coordinate transformation is employed to transform the complex wavy surface to a smooth surface, and the obtained boundary-layer equations are then solved by the cubic spline collocation method. Effects of thermal and concentration stratification parameters, Lewis number, buoyancy ratio, power-law index, and wavy geometry on the heat and mass transfer characteristics are studied. Results show that the streamwise distributions of the local Nusselt number and the local Sherwood number are harmonic curves with a wave number twice the wave number of the surface of the vertical wavy truncated cone. An increase in the power-law index leads to a smaller fluctuation of the local Nusselt and Sherwood numbers. Moreover, increasing the thermal and concentration stratification parameter decreases the buoyancy force and retards the flow, thus decreasing the heat and mass transfer rates between the fluid and the wavy surface of the vertical truncated cone. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: This paper reports a study on the phenomenon of double diffusion near a vertical sinusoidal wavy surface in a porous medium saturated with a non-Newtonian power-law fluid with constant wall temperature and concentration. A coordinate transformation is employed to transform the complex wavy surface to a smooth surface, and the obtained boundary layer equations are then solved by the cubic spline collocation method. Effects of Lewis number, buoyancy ratio, power-law index, and wavy geometry on the Nusselt and Sherwood numbers are studied. The mean Nusselt and Sherwood numbers for a wavy surface are found to be smaller than those for the corresponding smooth surface. An increase in the power-law index leads to a smaller fluctuation of the local Nusselt and Sherwood numbers. Moreover, increasing the power-law index tends to increase both the thermal boundary layer thickness and the concentration boundary layer thickness, thus decreasing the mean Nusselt and Sherwood numbers. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: This work studies the heat and mass transfer by natural convection from a vertical plate with variable wall heat and mass fluxes in a porous medium saturated with a non-Newtonian power law fluid with yield stress for the general case of power law variations in wall heat and mass fluxes. The governing equations are transformed into a dimensionless form by the similarity transformation and then solved by a cubic spline collocation method. Results are presented for velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles, as well as the Nusselt and Sherwood numbers for various parameters of the power law fluid with yield stress in porous media. The existence of threshold pressure gradient in the power law fluids tends to decrease the fluid velocity and the local Nusselt and Sherwood numbers. An increase in the power law exponent increases the local Nusselt and Sherwood numbers. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: In this work, we present a numerical simulation of the flow characteristics and the heat transfer mechanism of a non-Newtonian fluid in an annular space between two coaxial rotating cylinders. The Carreau stress–strain relation was adopted to model the rheological fluid behaviour. The problem is studied when the heated inner cylinder rotates around the common axis with constant angular velocity and the cooled outer cylinder is at the rest. The horizontal endplates are assumed adiabatic. The governing equations are solved using mixed finite elements method. The effects of the different parameters on the heat transfer and on the flow are examined. These parameters are the Reynolds (Re), the Grashof (Gr) and the Weissenberg numbers (We ), and the flow index (n). The results of the natural, forced and mixed convections are presented and discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The present paper, which is an extension of a previous study [O. Jambal, T. Shigechi, D. Ganbat, S. Momoki, Int. Commun. Heat Mass Transf. 32(9) (2005) 1165] on laminar heat transfer to non-Newtonian fluids in parallel plates and circular ducts, deals with concentric annular ducts subjected to a step change in wall temperature. A finite-difference scheme is applied to determine the velocity and temperature fields. Developing Nusselt numbers are graphically shown for various Brinkman numbers and Peclet numbers and the effects of viscous dissipation, fluid axial heat conduction, non-Newtonian behavior together with the radius ratio effect on heat transfer are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The problem of suction/injection on free convective flow of a non-Newtonian fluid past a vertical porous plate is modeled in this study. Adopting a series expansion technique about a small parameter E c and making fairly realistic assumptions, the coupled non-linear partial differential equations are decoupled and expressions for the temperature, velocity, skin-friction and rate of heat transfer are obtained. This is based on the fact that for fairly slow motions of all incompressible fluids, the viscous dissipation heat parameter E c is small. Our results show that the velocity distribution is highly dependent on the visco-elastic parameter L and we also observe that the rate of heat transfer does not depend on the free convection parameter G r. Other observations are depicted in Figs. 1–4. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The leading objective of this paper is to discuss the simulation of mixed convection flow for physiological transport of Rabinowitsch fluid model with convective conditions. Peristaltic flow motion is considered in an inclined tube. Effects of mixed convection and convective boundary constraints are also considered for the Rabinowitsch fluid model. The current problem is displayed and exact solutions are managed under large wavelength and small Reynolds number approximation. We have used mathematica software to calculate pressure rise. The effect of different parameters on temperature and velocity profile are displayed graphically. The characteristics of the peristaltic motion are inspected by scheming diagrams and results for shear thickening and shear thinning fluids are discussed separately. It is found that by increasing values of Biot number declines the thermal conductivity which gives to decline of temperature profile. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current study deals with the properties of thermal radiation, heat generation and the effect of convective boundary conditions through a duct with the Rabinowitsch fluid. The thermal conductivity is also taken as a function of temperature. The exact solution of velocity distribution is presented with the help of symbolic software Maple. Due to existence of thermal radiation, heat generation and variable thermal conductivity, the exact solution of energy Equations is not possible. For this, we have evaluated the numerical solution of the energy Equation with the help of numerical scheme. The effects of physical parameters on temperature and velocity profiles are presented in term of graphs. The temperature profile is minimum for the case of Dilatant fluid and maximum for Pseudoplastic fluid. Thermal radiation and convective boundary parameters suppressed the temperature inside the tube. While, the thermal conductivity and heat generation parameters are enhancing the heat transfer rate through a tube. The variation of heat transfer rate against the physical parameters are listed in tabular form. The magnitude of the heat transfer is maximum and minimum for Dilatant and pseudoplastic fluids for all physical parameters. The solution is also benchmarked with the previous published data available in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An analysis of classical Graetz problem is carried out for the case of fluid obeying the Casson constitutive equation. The considered model physically corresponds to the thermal entry flow of blood in a duct. The governing equation for the premeditated problem is investigated by employing the separation of variables approach in conjunction with the MATLAB built in package bvp4c for the calculation of the eigenvalues and related numerical solution of the eigenvalue problem. The solution is computed for the case of uniform surface temperature boundary condition for both flat and circular geometries. The axial diffusion and viscous dissipation effects on temperature field are also taken into account. The expressions of bulk mean temperature and Nusselt number are presented and discussed in terms of the main effect brought by the yield stress parameter, Peclet number and Brinkman number. It is found that both local and mean Nusselt numbers for blood enhance considerably with the increase of dimensionless plug radius and Brinkman number. In contrast, the thermal entrance length reduces with the rise of Peclet number. The results of present analysis have potential applications in development of nano fluidic, microfluidic and bio-medical devices used in haemodialysis and oxygenation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]