19 results
Search Results
2. Managing International Economic Interdependence: Selected Papers of C. Fred Bergsten, 1975–1976, International Economic Problems and The Mystery of Wealth: Political Economy—Its Development and Impact on World Events
- Author
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Yao-Su Hu
- Subjects
Sociology and Political Science ,Economy ,Political Science and International Relations ,Economics ,Economic interdependence ,Economic problem - Published
- 1979
3. Papers on the Economy of Botswana
- Author
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Christopher R. Hill
- Subjects
Sociology and Political Science ,Economy ,Political Science and International Relations ,Economics - Published
- 1983
4. Agrarian Reform as Unfinished Business: The Selected Papers of Wolf Ladejinsky
- Author
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W. Klatt
- Subjects
Market economy ,Sociology and Political Science ,Political Science and International Relations ,Economics ,Agrarian reform - Published
- 1979
5. The New Mercantilism: Some problems in international trade, money and investment. Papers presented to Section F (Economics) at the 1973 Annual Meeting of the British Association for the Advancement of Science and International Monetary Policy: Bretton Woods and After
- Author
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Marcello de Cecco
- Subjects
Sociology and Political Science ,Mercantilism ,Section (archaeology) ,Political Science and International Relations ,Monetary policy ,Economic history ,International political economy ,Economics ,International economics ,Investment (macroeconomics) ,Monetary hegemony - Published
- 1975
6. Papers on the Economy of Botswana (Book Review).
- Author
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Hill, Christopher R.
- Subjects
- *
ECONOMICS , *NONFICTION - Abstract
Reviews the book 'Papers on the Economy of Botswana,' edited by Charles Harvey.
- Published
- 1983
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Public Papers of the Secretaries-General of the United Nations. Vol VII (Book Review).
- Author
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Nicholas, H.G.
- Subjects
- *
ECONOMICS - Abstract
Reviews the book 'Public Papers of the Secretaries-General of the United Nations,' Volume VII and VII, edited by Andrew W. Cordier and Max Harrelson.
- Published
- 1978
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Europe's energy security: challenges and opportunities
- Author
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Gawdat Bahgat
- Subjects
Sociology and Political Science ,business.industry ,Green paper ,Energy mix ,Commission ,Energy security ,International trade ,Nuclear power ,Energy policy ,Renewable energy ,Economy ,Political Science and International Relations ,Economics ,business ,Energy source - Abstract
The extreme volatility of global energy markets since the early 2000s has prompted the Commission of the European Communities to issue a new Green Paper, ‘A European strategy for sustainable, competitive and secure energy’. This important document seeks to identify the main steps EU members need to take to enhance their energy outlooks. The first section in this article discusses the concept ‘energy security’. This is followed by an examination of Europe's energy mix (oil, natural gas, coal, nuclear power and renewables). The third section analyses European efforts to establish and strengthen energy partnerships with Russia, the Caspian Sea region and the Middle East. In other words, the article seeks to examine Europe's efforts to diversify its energy mix and energy sources. The main argument is that stability and predictability in energy markets are shared goals between producing regions and major consumers.
- Published
- 2006
9. Natural gas trade in North America and Asia
- Author
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Jerome Davis
- Subjects
Sociology and Political Science ,business.industry ,Natural gas ,Political Science and International Relations ,Triangular trade ,Economics ,International trade ,business ,Pulp and paper industry - Published
- 1986
10. Blair's wars and Brown's budgets: from Strategic Defence Review to strategic decay in less than a decade.
- Author
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CORNISH, PAUL and DORMAN, ANDREW
- Subjects
MILITARY policy ,MILITARY readiness ,IRAQ War, 2003-2011 ,ECONOMIC conditions in Great Britain, 1997- ,ECONOMICS ,PUBLIC spending - Abstract
The Labour government's 1998 Strategic Defence Review (SDR) marked the end of almost twenty years during which Labour had been little more than a bystander in British defence policy-making. The ‘foreign policy-led’ SDR marked an impressive and authoritative debut, emulated by other national governments. Ten years later, however, the SDR is a fading memory. British defence is out of balance and facing immense stress, and calls are mounting for a new strategic defence review. This article examines the difficult choices which a defence review would have to make. But a defence review also requires the governmental machinery with which to analyse and understand defence, and with which those difficult choices can be made. The article argues that this machinery is wearing out. Defence policy, planning and analysis in the United Kingdom have reached a state of organizational, bureaucratic and intellectual decay which may be irrecoverable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Introduction: North Africa and Britain.
- Author
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SPENCER, CLAIRE
- Subjects
BRITISH foreign relations, 1997-2010 ,NATIONAL security ,WAR on Terrorism, 2001-2009 ,GOVERNMENT policy ,UNDOCUMENTED immigrants ,INTERNATIONAL relations ,ECONOMICS - Abstract
This special issue of International Affairs seeks to stimulate more debate and interest in Britain on North Africa. This relatively neglected area of British foreign policy has largely been funneled through the European Union (EU), where the focus of policy has been on preventive security, above all policing against illegal migration and the spread of radicalism and terrorism. The main driver for regional change and potential insecurity is now demographic, evident in the high levels of youth unemployment across North Africa. In facing the challenge of leadership successions over the next decade, it is in the interest of the EU, and in turn, Britain, to engage more closely with North Africa's younger generations to ensure the region's longer term security and stability. Britain has few strong bilateral links with North African societies, however, with the exception of private sector investments in the energy sector and security cooperation. New investment opportunities and a demand for English language and other forms of training for employment could put Britain at an advantage in responding to North African demands for diversified international relationships. A greater focus is also needed on local development opportunities to assist new actors to assume their own economic and political roles, as a better means of delivering security and jobs than relying on central states to deliver both. The articles in this special issue offer new insights into developments in the region, as well as analyses of European and American policy responses to the challenges identified. A common theme is that the region has been held back by a combined lack of institutional safeguards and political participation, with negative impacts on the spread of the economic benefits of higher growth rates and investment. Authoritarian leaderships have proved reliable partners for the EU and Britain in the past, but will they continue to do so in future? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Back to the future or forward to the past? Strengthening markets and rules for effective global energy governance.
- Author
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GOLDTHAU, ANDREAS and WITTE, JAN MARTIN
- Subjects
ENERGY policy ,PETROLEUM product sales & prices ,GAS prices ,CONSUMPTION (Economics) ,MARKETS ,ECONOMICS - Abstract
Current public policy debates on energy security are characterized by a singular focus on questions regarding access to resources. This lopsided attention to the geopolitical dimension of energy security is based on the myopic and erroneous presumption that global energy politics is necessarily a zero-sum game in which one country's energy security is another's lack thereof. In fact, debates deflect attention from the real issues that policy-makers should consider in their attempts to foster effective global energy governance—the central role increasingly international energy markets play in balancing demand and supply—and, even more importantly, the significance of the ‘rules of the game’ that structure these markets. This article makes a first attempt to apply a broader analytical lens by pointing out and analyzing the important role rules play in determining outcomes in international oil and gas markets; by examining how current trends are affecting the existing ‘rules of the game’; and by highlighting consequences for public policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Political change in the Arab oil monarchies: from liberalization to enfranchisement.
- Author
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EHTESHAMI, ANOUSHIRAVAN and WRIGHT, STEVEN
- Subjects
PETROLEUM ,ISLAM & politics ,WAR on Terrorism, 2001-2009 ,ECONOMICS ,PRACTICAL politics ,SOCIAL history - Abstract
The oil monarchies of the Persian Gulf region have typically been portrayed as patriarchal autocracies characterized by traditional tribal rule that have taken on the characteristics of a modern state. The historical debate on these rentier states has centered on how their substantial oil income since the 1970s has allowed them to pacify their citizenry from making demands for enfranchisement. Power was thus firmly able to rest with the elites. Since the end of the Cold War, winds of change flamed the desire for reform and the late 1990s saw significant political changes. The empirical data indicates that this pace has increased, albeit at differential speeds, within the context of the post-9/11 war on terror. Interestingly, this has been the case despite turmoil in Iraq and a shift to the right in Iranian politics. The fundamental drivers of reform in the Arab oil monarchies continue to be the ruling elites themselves, however. The character of the reforms does appear to be mainly liberalizing rather than democratizing, but developments in some oil monarchies suggest that this process can be viewed as an early or intermediate stage of a wider enfranchisement of civil society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. The economics of UK nuclear weapons policy.
- Author
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Hartley, Keith
- Subjects
TRIDENT (Weapons systems) ,WEAPONS ,NUCLEAR weapons ,DECISION making ,ECONOMICS - Abstract
The Trident replacement decision has an economic aspect that cannot be ignored, namely, its costs. This article presents a cost-benefit framework for assessing the replacement decision and its alternatives. The replacement decision is presented against the background of the defence economics problem showing the opportunities for substitution and the need for difficult defence choices in a world of uncertainty. A framework for choices is outlined showing the range and type of information needed for sensible decision-making in this area. A range of conventional force alternatives is estimated as well as alternative civil spending. The impact of the replacement decision on the UK submarine industrial base is assessed, including the challenges of reaching a partnering agreement and negotiating an incentive contract with a UK monopoly supplier. The cost figures used for the Trident replacement are illustrative only and show how the programme can be evaluated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. The evolution of international political economy.
- Author
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Dickins, Amanda
- Subjects
INTERNATIONAL relations ,ECONOMICS ,RATIONALISTS ,SCHOLARS ,POLITICAL science - Abstract
The ‘invisible college’ of international political economy (IPE) is a house divided. The field is split between the rationalist species that dominates in the US and a diverse genus of critical scholars. Recent developments in IPE suggest, however, that there is scope to rebuild the invisible college. An increasing awareness of normative questions should make rationalist scholars more receptive to critical work, while critical scholars are discovering an independent identity as they reinvent themselves in the tradition of classical political economy. There is much to gain from a renewed exchange between rationalist and critical scholars, particularly in the context of empirical work, as demonstrated by the vivid politics of the global bioeconomy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. AIDS and global security.
- Author
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Prins, Gwyn
- Subjects
AIDS ,HISTORY ,DEBATE ,GEOPOLITICS ,IMMUNE system ,ECONOMICS - Abstract
AIDS has been medically visible for 30 years; but only in the last five have the security implications of the pandemic begun to be discussed seriously. This debate has been in many ways unsatisfactory to date. The purpose of this article is to begin to rectify this at the moment when the first major efforts to combat the pandemic are beginning to take effect. It records therefore the history of that debate and ascertains in what useful and defensible senses AIDS can be described and managed as a security issue. It argues that there are, indeed, several that meet these criteria. The article describes the first three engagements with the disease from the time of its discovery and then suggests three newer ones and, it argues, more fruitful approaches that have advanced since 2000 of which the security dimension is one. The others are the geo-politics of the human immune system and analysis through the prism of political economy. The scope of the next waves of AIDS after the southern African one, is depicted. Its coming intersection with oil and Great Power politics is noted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Making EMU a success.
- Author
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Dornbusch, Rudiger and Jacquet, Pierre
- Subjects
ECONOMIC conditions in Europe ,ECONOMICS - Abstract
Deals with the strategies that will ensure the success of the European Monetary Union (EMU). Arguments against the notion that EMU can solve the economic problems of Europe; Need for a coordinate approach among the countries in Europe to ensure the success of EMU; Conditions in which a growth pact for Europe would be successful.
- Published
- 2000
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Opec's Importance in the World Oil Industry
- Author
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Edith Penrose
- Subjects
Forcing (recursion theory) ,Sociology and Political Science ,business.industry ,Cartel ,International economics ,International trade ,Demise ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Petroleum industry ,chemistry ,Rest (finance) ,Political Science and International Relations ,Economics ,Petroleum ,business - Abstract
HE role of the Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) in the recent history of the international oil industry has been greatly misunderstood. Widely regarded as an aggressive producers' organisation, a cartel forcing up the price of oil and successful because of the unity of its members, it is both courted and feared by the consuming countries. Many are the voices (perhaps less numerous now than earlier) predicting its demise under the strains created by the conflicting interests of its members. The disintegration of the organisation would probably be warmly welcomed in much of the rest of the world. This view of OPEC is not based on a careful study of the role it has actually played. In fact, to attempt the destruction, or even weakening, of OPEC as an organisation would be folly. If OPEC did not exist, it would be in the interest of the industrial world to promote its creation in some form. To establish these points is the purpose of this paper.
- Published
- 1979
19. Economic Sanctions as a Policy Instrument
- Author
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James Barber
- Subjects
International relations ,Sociology and Political Science ,Economic policy ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Doctrine ,Collective security ,Collective action ,Politics ,Economic sanctions ,Political Science and International Relations ,Economics ,Sanctions ,Use of force ,Law and economics ,media_common - Abstract
E CONOMIC sanctions are economic measures directed to political objectives. They are normally supplemented by other measures, such as the severance or restriction of diplomatic and cultural ties; but unless otherwise stated the use of the term ' sanctions ' in this paper refers only to economic sanctions. Sanctions are sometimes employed in addition to force, but here we are primarily considering situations short of war. Not that the distinction is always easy to draw-many Arab states have, for example, imposed sanctions against Israel, but they see these sanctions as the economic dimension of a wider war effort. Indeed, the relationship between sanctions and the use of force is fraught with ambiguity. Whilst some advocates of sanctions see them as an alternative to force, there is a contrary view that sanctions can only be effective when force is available and ready to be used if required. This ambiguity has naturally led sometimes to confusion: for example, when the League of Nations was preparing in 1935 to impose sanctions against Italy some members were opposed to blocking the Suez Canal or cutting communications with Italy because the League was ' a great instrument of peace '. In contrast others believed that ' collective security '-the prevailing doctrine of the day-could only be ensured if force were available. This ambiguity, or double thinking, was exemplified in the case of Stanley Baldwin, the British Prime Minister of the time. According to Winston Churchill, Baldwin felt ' that Sanctions meant war; secondly he was resolved there must be no war; and thirdly, he decided upon Sanctions '. Some of those who oppose the use of force argue from the importance of moral factors in international relations, emphasising collective action to sustain prevailing international norms. Woodrow Wilson expounded this idea in Paris in December 1918 when he spoke of 'the organized moral force of man' working throughout the world so that 'whenever and wherever wrong -and aggression are planned or contemplated, this searching light of conscience will be turned upon them, and men everywhere will ask, " what are the purposes that you hold in your heart against the fortunes of the world?" Just a little
- Published
- 1979
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