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A mare suffering with sabulous cystitis was treated. The cystic sandy calculi was successfully managed by flushing of urinary bladder with normal saline to remove calculi along with proper feeding, watering and use of therapeutics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A six year old mare was pregnant and had completed 345 days post covering. The mare was aggressively assisted using manual traction by jeep during the foaling leading to extensive third degree rectovestibular laceration. The case was presented 48 hours post assistance, on clinical examination the mare was alert and rectal and vaginal lacerations were devitalized with foul odour. On digital examination of anal canal an anterior scar was found, a bi-manual examination was carried out to confirm communication between the rectum and vagina. The Goetz technique was used for restoration of rectovestibular laceration under Xylazine and Ketamine sedation. The antibiotic and analgesics were administered along with supportive therapy. Tetanus toxoid was administered. The mare was allowed soft feed along with Paraffin and Magnesium sulphate to ensure soft formed faeces. The wound was cared for and dressed using Antiseptics and fly repellent sprays. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Prolonged gestation in Marwari mare crossbred mare of about 4.5 yrs weighing about 450 kg is presented which has resulted in successful delivery after medical intervention. History revealed 395 days of gestation after mating and had already shown waxing of teats and other symptoms impending foaling 20 days back which disappeared gradually without delivery of fetus. Per-rectal and ultrasonography confirmed for presence of viable fetus. Further it was confirmed that it was in normal presentation, position and posture. The mare was advocated conservative treatment; antibiotics and anti-histaminics coverage on first day followed by 30 mg Diethylstilbestrol I/M in the morning and after 9 hours of this injection Oxytocin @75IU as total dose in five divided doses at 15minutes interval on second day. It elapsed 1 hour and 30 minutes to deliver normal filly. Fetal membranes were expelled within 5 minutes following delivery. Thus, it may be concluded that various doses of Oxytocin in combination with Diethylstilbestrol is an effective option for successful delivery in prolonged gestation in Mare provided fetal condition, presentation, position and posture are normal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study was aimed to superovulate donor Indian mares using eFSH. eFSH administration was initiated on 7th day of estrus cycle with dose of 25 mg @ 12.5 mg x 12 hourly or 6.25 mg x 6 hourly in total six mares. Another six mares served as control. Treatment was continued till development of two or more follicles of 35 mm size. The superovulatory response was assessed by serial ultrasonography of ovaries twice daily. Artificial insemination was undertaken in all mares with detected ovulations were detected. Similar super-ovulatory response was seen in all six mares with average days (n) of eFSH treatment of 8.6 days. Average number of follicles (>35 mm) in super-ovulated mares were 5.5. Although ovulations per mare were 4.16, yet embryo collection per mare was only 1.16 (seven embryos from six treated mares) where as in control group, it was 0.83 (five from six control mares). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three mares were diagnosed with rectovaginal fistula after an episode of obstetrical intervention. Re-constructive surgery was performed by six bite suture technique in standing position to create separate rectal and vaginal openings. All mares recovered uneventfully without complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A mare was presented with prolapsed rectum mass after complaint of diarrhea and intermittent abdominal pain. The prolapsed mass was injured, oedematous and contaminated with mud, faeces and wheat straw. The case was diagnosed as type I rectal prolapse after co-relation of history, clinical signs and thorough examination of elongated, cylindrical and protruded prolapsed mass. The prolapsed mass was washed thoroughly followed by flushing with Metronidazole solution. The prolapsed mass was lubricated, replaced into normal position by applying gentle pressure and post-operative care was undertaken. The animal was kept off fed for twenty four hours to reduce the possible irritation of rectal mucosa during defecation. The animal showed recovery after three days and non-reoccurrence of prolapse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Equine obstetrics represents a complex and challenging knowledge domain to both breeders and veterinarians. The foaling process is usually swift and smooth. A dystocia however, requires efficient diagnosing, the mastery of a broad knowledge base and interventions skills to handle emergency situations. Due to the seasonality in equine breeding management, obtaining experience without a good initial insight into the different possibilities of dystocia is difficult. Previous experience in bovine obstetrics is very helpful to get sufficient skills in intra-uterine manipulations especially since only small numbers of obstetrical cases in horses impedes winning experience. Nonetheless, the need exists to gain more experience and an increased exposure to routine cases in theriogenology work. Since this represents a significant portion of practice activities and has, especially in large animal species, a great economic impact and might become an emotionally charged event to the owner. Especially dystocia management in horses is always an emergency and has a high priority in a day to day large animal practice. In this article, some important principles of equine obstetrics are emphasised and discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A Thoroughbred mare was presented with history of urinary tract infection for past 2 days. Clinical examination revealed frequent urination and discolored urine. Urine were found positive for Cornyebacterium renale based on detailed cultural, morphological and biochemical test. Antimicrobial sensitivity studies indicated resistance to Penicillin G and Cefotaxime, intermediate to Streptomycin and sensitive to Enrofloxacin, Ciprofloxacin, Chloramphenicol, Streptomycin, Amoxyclav and Gentamicin. The affected animal was treated with Inj. Enrofloxacin @ 1ml/20 kg b. wt. IM for 5 days, Inj. Tolfenamic acid @ 2 mg/ kg b. wt. IV as a single dose and supportive therapy. The animal recovered completely within five days of therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A multiparous mare in advance pregnancy with intermittent signs of colic was diagnosed as anticlockwise 270° uterine torsion. The mare after three successive rolling was detailed successfully and delivered a live male foal after 30 hours without any external help. The retention of placenta was only a complication noted even after 10 hours of foaling and was manually removed. Mare recovered completely without any other complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A mare was presented with slow growing mass at right upper eyelid since last six month. The neuro-ophthalmic test like menace, palpebral and pupillary light reflex revealed normal vision. The mare was restrained in standing position and surgical removal of mass was performed under sedation and local analgesia achieved by auriculo palpebral nerve block. The post-operatively care was undertaken with antibiotics, anti-inflammatory and ocular drops for five days. Histopathology confirmed squamous cell carcinoma. The mare showed uneventful recovery without any complications and reoccurrence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A mare was presented with perineal laceration caused by cattle horn. The injury was deep and extensive. Washing of laceration with physiological saline with Iodine (mixing 5 ml of Iodine antiseptic solution in 1 litre of sterile saline) was undertaken to control infections before surgery. Surgical repair of laceration was undertaken in routine manner using continuous suture pattern. Flaps of laceration were brought to apposition without any tension. Animal recovered uneventfully. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A police mare was referred with history of unilateral chronic conjunctivitis, blepharospasm and temporary vision loss in affected eye. On clinical examination, it was found that palpebral conjunctiva was severely inflamed with superficial necrotic layer causing complete closure of palpebral fissure resulting in temporary vision loss of affected eye. Gentle debridement of necrosed layer of conjunctiva was done under local infiltration of 2% Lignocaine hcl. Therapeutic management was planned using eye drops Moxiflaxacin-Dexamethasone, eye drop Flurbiprofen and injection Gentamicin 1ml + injection Dexamethasone hcl 1ml sub-conjunctivally and injection Gentamicin and injection Flunixin meglumine parenterally. The conjunctivitis regresses within fifteen days. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A mare was presented with third degree laceration of perineum after foaling. The perineum was washed properly and surgical treated. The vagina and rectum were reconstructed and animal showed complete recovery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A mare was presented with anamnesis of failing to expel foetal membrane after eight hours following normal foaling and gestation length. Clinical examination revealed terry colour shreds of foetal membrane hanging from ventral vulval lips. Mare was treated by traditional method of manual removal of placenta since therapeutic management failed to expel it. Mare recovered after routine care for five days uneventfully. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three advance pregnant mares due for foaling were presented with protruding red bag through vulval lips with patchy sweating and abdominal pain at foaling barn. Physical examination revealed protruded red bag from vulva with presence of cervical star on chorioallantoic surface, continuous straining and colic symptoms. Close examination revealed palpable fetal forelimbs with severe tenusmus and decided to go for assisted delivery. The red bag was ruptured manually and fetal front limbs were pulled outside by giving oxygen support to foal to prevent hypoxia. Delivered foals were kept on oxygen and plasma support and they stood up after 80-90 minute and started suckling the mare. Prompt recognition of premature placental separation and appropriate intervention are the key factors for survival of foal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present case records successful pregnancy termination during early stage with double injection of Cloprostenol in a mare. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The report records diagnosis and management of endometrial cysts in mares. The endometrial cysts were diagnosed through ultrasonography and their size was determined. As cysts were small in nature, they were treated and pregnancy was established. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A mare with swelling at back of cannon above the fetlock of left hind limb was diagnosed as superficial digital flexor tendinitis (bowed tendon). It resulted from partial rupture of fibers of tendon due to sudden strain. After application of cold pack, owner was advised to rest the mare by restricting movement and leg supported with pressure bandage. It was therapeutically treated with Isoflupredone acetate, Meloxicam and Ceftriaxone. There was complete recovery within a month without any drop in milk for suckling foal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Six mares were diagnosed with vulvar squamous cell carcinoma via histopathology. The mares were treated by intralesion Cisplatin administration and surgical excision of tumor mass along with post-operative care. Sutures were removed on 10th post-operative day. Animals recovered uneventfully without recurrence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A 8-years-old Kathiawadi mare was presented with uterine prolapse since last three hours. The whole uterus with fetal membrane was prolapsed just after expulsion of foetus at full term. Uterus was replaced back to its normal position following epidural anesthesia and removal of fetal membranes. Mare recovered fully without any complication following replacement and medications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A full term pregnant mare in her first parity with difficulty in foaling since last 10 hours after rupture of chorioallantoic bag. All efforts for vaginal delivery of fetus failed at field level and condition was more aggrevated when presented at our clinic. Per vaginal examination revealed a fully dilated cervix and a dead fetus in dog sitting posture (ventrovertical presentation). Mutation to correct the posture failed at field and hence fetotomy was opted to relieve dystocia. Several fetotomy yielded delivery of male dead fetus after restraining mare in standing position under xylazine sedation and epidural analgesia. Mare was treated with antibiotic, analgesic and supportive therapy. The mare recovered uneventfully and did not show any post-operative complication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A Kathiawari mare aged 7 years was presented with signs of dystocia. Per vaginal examination revealed incomplete cervical dilation along with right lateral deviation of foetal head. Mare was treated with intravenous injection of oxytocin and forced traction for delivery of live foal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A five years old mare was presented for treatment with history of tongue trauma due to bit. It was successfully recovered following surgical intervention [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]