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Infested Burford holly growing in 1-gal containers of an amended pine bark medium were selected for treatments listed. Insecticides plus Nu-Film 17 (0.5 pt/100 gal water) were applied to all leaf surfaces until run-off with a hand-pumped, compressed air sprayer. Four single-plant replicates were arranged in a completely randomized design. Twenty-one days after treatment, percent mortality was determined by examining 100 scales per plant using a probe and microscope.

Sixty common gardenia plants, heavily infested with an overwintering population of citrus whitefly pupae were selected for treatment. Plants were 18 to 20 in. tall, growing in 1-gal plastic containers. Foliar applications of eight candidate insecticides were applied to runoff 24 Mar. using a hand-pumped compressed air sprayer. The adjuvant Nu-Film 17 was added to each spray mixture at the rate of 2.4 ml/gal. Each treatment was replicated 6 times, one plant constituting a replication. Efficacy was determined 7 Apr. by examining 100 citrus whitefly pupae per plant and scoring them dead or alive.

Nine insecticides were compared for control of spider mites on dieffenbachia. Plants were grown under 65% shade in 2-liter plastic pots containing a peat moss/pine bark medium. Treatments were applied on 22 Sep. (79°F) to upper and lower leaf surfaces to runoff with hand-pumpled, compressed air sprayers. There were four single-plant replicates arranged in a completely randomized design. Mortality was evaluated 14 days after application using a Llanfair Orchard leaf brushing machine and microscope.

Infested dormant azaleas, growing in trade gallon (3-liter) black plastic containers of an amended pine bark medium, were selected for a single foliar-applied treatment. Chevron spray sticker (0.5 pt/100 gal water) was added to all chemical treatments. Sprays were applied to all leaf surfaces to run-off with an R&D CO2-pressurized test pilot sprayer (35 psi) equipped with a single Spray Systems cone-jet T nozzle. Four single-plant replicates were arranged in a completely randomized design and held in an open, unheated glass greenhouse. Live mites were counted at 7, 21, 35, and 63 DAT with the aid of a Llanfair Orchard leaf-brushing machine and a microscope. Each sample consisted of 3 randomly selected 6-cm terminals/plant. Terminals were clipped and brushed, and the number of mites landing on the counting disk was recorded.

Plants were growing in 1-gal containers of an amended pine bark medium. Jobe’s Plant Food Spikes impregnated with an insecticide and checks were uniformly placed 0.5 inch below the soil surface, 1 inch from pot rim. In the two-spike treatments spikes were placed directly opposite each other in the pot. Treatments were replicated, completely randomized, and maintained in an unshaded glass greenhouse. Percent mortality was determined by examining 100 scales per plant using a probe and microscope.

Test plants were ca. 1 ft tall, growing in 3-qt plastic pots filled with an amended pine bark medium. Fourteen insecticides were applied by 1 or 2 methods: foliar sprays or insertion of fertilizer spikes impregnated with an insecticide into soil around plant. Treatments were replicated 4 times, one plant constituting a replication. A single application of the test materials was made out-of-doors on 17 Jun (Dry Bulb 86°F: Wet Bulb 78°F). The adjuvant Nu-Film 17 was added to all spray mixtures at the rate of 2.4 ml/gal. Foliar sprays were applied to runoff using a hand-pumped compressed air sprayer and spikes were placed ½ inch below soil surface, 1 inch from pot rim, and watered in. Test plants were returned to a screened shadehouse. Efficacy was determined 1 Jul by examining 100 citrus whitefly pupae per plant and scoring them as dead or alive.

Forty-four 1-ft-tall Chinese hollies heavily infested with tea scale were selected for treatment. Test plants were growing in 2-gal plastic containers. Treatments were applied 16 Jun. and 29 Jul. Foliar sprays were applied to runoff, using a hand-pumped compressed air sprayer, with care taken to cover the underside of the leaves. Chevron spray-sticker was added to each spray mixture at the rate of 2.4 ml/gal. Granular applications were sprinkled over the soil surface in each container, scratched in and then watered. Treatments were replicated four times, one plant constituting a replication. Efficacy of the treatments was determined 28 Jul. and 27 Sep. by examining 100 adult female scale insects per plant and scoring them dead or alive.

Fenpropathrin and acephate (Orthene) were evaluated for aphid control on purple passion. Plants were grown in an amended pine bark medium in a glass greenhouse and hand irrigated as needed. Treatments were applied Apr 30 to all leaf surfaces to run-off with a hand-pumped, compressed air sprayer. At time of application, ambient temperature was 78°F with a relative humidity of 56%. Four single-plant replicates were arranged in a completely randomized design. Nu-Film 17, 8 oz/100 gal water, was added as an adjuvant to all insecticide treatments. Pretreatment and post-treatment counts were taken on tagged plant terminals.

Infested variegated liriope growing in 1-gal containers of an amended pine bark medium were selected for the foliar treatments listed. Miticides plus Chevron Spray Sticker (0.5 pt/100 gal water) were applied to all leaf surfaces to run-off with a hand-pumped, compressed air sprayer. Four single-plant replicates were arranged in a completely randomized design. Live mites were counted 7 and 21 days after treatment with the aid of a Llanfair Orchard Leaf Brushing Machine and microscope. Each sample consisted of 3 randomly selected mature leaves per plant.

Fenpropathrin and Morestan were evaluated for spider mite control on dwarf schefflera. Plants were grown in an amended pine bark medium in a glass greenhouse and hand irrigated as needed. Treatments were applied Apr 26 to all leaf surfaces to run-off with hand-pumped, compressed air sprayers. At time of application ambient temperature was 80 F with a relative humidity of 55%. Four single-plant replicates were arranged in a completely randomized design. Nu-Film 17, 8 oz/100 gal water, was added as an adjuvant to all insecticide treatments. Counts were taken 1 and 7 days after application with a Llanfair Orchard leaf brushing machine.

Materials were applied to runoff to all leaf surfaces on heavily infested container-grown roses with a hand-pumped, compressed air sprayer. Four single-plant replicates were arranged in a completely randomized design in a glass greenhouse. Treatments were evaluated by counting numbers of living aphids per plant sample. Each sample contained 3 subsamples of 3 terminal leafle.

‘Nellie R. Stevens’ hollies growing in full sun (3 gal plastic pots, milled pine bark, peatmoss, and shale, 3:1:1, v/v/v) were treated twice with 3 compounds to determine efficacy in controlling florida wax scale. Foliar sprays were applied to run-off Jul 14 and 21 using compressed air sprayers with Nu-Film 17 as an adjuvant (0.5 pt/100 gal). Each treatment was replicated 3 times (single plant replicate) and arranged in a randomized block design. Efficacy was determined Jul 27 by examining 100°Florida wax scale per plant for mortality and scoring them as living if normally-colored and full-bodied or dead if they were discolored and shriveled or dried.

Phytotoxicity of Mavrik 2F was evaluated on 15 woody ornamentals typically produced in south Alabama. Plants were grown in an amended pine bark-peat moss medium. Rhododendron X ‘Glacier’ and ‘Coral Bells’ were grown under 47% shade; other species in full sun. Overhead impulse sprinklers provided irrigation. Treatments were applied to all leaf surfaces to runoff 18 Apr., 2 May, and 16 May with hand-pumped, compressed air sprayers. Six single-plant replicates per species were arranged in a completely randomized design. Phytotoxicity evaluations were made 1 week after each application and 4 weeks after the last application.

Fenpropathrin and acephate (Orthene) were evaluated for control of azalea lace bug on container-grown azaleas. Plants were grown in an amended pine bark medium under 50% shade and were hand irrigated as needed. Treatments were applied Apr 14 to all leaf surfaces to run-off with hand-pumped, compressed air sprayers. At time of application, ambient temperature was 83°F with a relative humidity of 55.5%. Four single-plant replicates were arranged in a completely randomized design. Nu-Film 17, 8 oz/100 gal water, was added as an adjuvant to all insecticide treatments. Counts were taken 1 and 7 days after treatment by brushing the canopy of an azalea held over a 8-1/2 × 11 in sheet of paper held in a clipboard.

Three insecticides, rates, and application methods were compared for control of fungus gnat larvae. Infested ‘Hershey’s Red’ azaleas growing in 2.8-liter plastic pots of an amended pine bark, peat moss, sandy loam medium, 10:2:1, vol/vol/vol, were selected for treatment. Plants were grown in a glass greenhouse under 47% shade. Treatments were replicated, randomized, and pots individually caged with paper cylinders covered with tulle to limit gnat movement. Control was determined by trapping emerging adults with Olsen Yellow Sticky Traps (3.5 by 4 cm).

MF-710, a combination wettable powder miticide containing 20% dienochlor, 10% fenbutatin-oxide, and 15% tetradifon, was compared with Pentac 4F for control of twospotted spider mite on roses. Foliar sprays were applied to all leaf surfaces until run-off with a CO2 pressurized sprayer (40 psi). Three single-plant replicates were arranged in a completely randomized design in a glass greenhouse. Mortality was evaluated 7 days after treatment using a Llanfair Orchard Leaf Brushing Machine and stereoscopic microscope.

MF-710, a combination WP miticide containing 20% dienochlor, 10% fenbutatin-oxide, and 15% tetradifon, was evaluated with MF-704 (butocarboxime), Myten 50WP, and Pentac 4F for control of southern red mite on azaleas. Materials were applied to all leaf surface until run-off with a CO2 pressurized sprayer (32 psi). There were 4 single-plant replicates arranged in a completely randomized design. Treatments were evaluated by brushing 10 leaves from each plant canopy with a Llanfair Orchard Leaf Brushing Machine and recording the number of living mites landing on the counting disc.

Thirty-two 1-yr-old azaleas growing in 1-gal plastic pots were selected for treatment. Test materials were applied 11 Sep with hand-held compressed air sprayers. Chevron spray sticker was added to all treatments at a rate of 2.4 ml/gal spray mixture. There were 4 single plant replicates arranged in a completely randomized design. Treatments were evaluated 7 and 21 DAT by brushing 5, 6 cm terminals from the lower canopy of each plant utilizing a mite brushing machine and recording the number of living mites landing on the counting disc.

Phytotoxicity of fenpropathrin 2.4EC was evaluated on 15 woody ornamentals produced in south Alabama. Plants were grown in an amended pine bark medium. F. japonica, M. bealei, R. X 'Coral Bell', R. X 'Mrs. G. G. Gerbing', and T. japonica were grown under 47% shade; other species in full sun. Overhead impulse sprinklers were used for irrigation. Treatments were applied to all leaf surfaces to run-off Apr 8, Apr 27, and May 11, at 0.075, 0 . 1 , and 0.4 lb ai/100 gal water with hand-pumped, compressed air sprayers. Phytotixicity evaluations were made 1 wk after each application and 4 wk after the last application. There were 5 single-plant replicates/species arranged in a completely randomized design.