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배경 Young healthcare workers (HCWs) are potentially measles-susceptible population in Korea. We ad- ministered one or two doses of measles containing vaccine (MCV) to seronegative young HCWs during measles nosocomial outbreak, and compared the durability of immunity over 2 years. 방법 A total number of 107 seronegative HCWs who received one or two doses of MCV and 12 HCWs with laboratory-confirmed measles infection were asked to collect serum samples for determining neutralizing antibody and measles-specific immunoglobulin (Ig) G at 2 years after their vaccination or infection. Antibody titers were measured with plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) and chemiluminescent immunoassays (CLIA) to evaluate the 2-year durability of immunity. 결과 Among 107 young HCWs with seronegative measles IgG, measles neutralizing antibody titers (50% neutralizing dose, ND50) after 2 years were significantly lower in HCWs who received one dose of MCV (n = 84) than in those who received two doses of MCV (n = 23) (median 89; 47-197 [interquartile range, IQR] vs. median 195; 109-253 median [IQR], P = 0.007). Low concentration of measles neutralizing antibodies (8-120) were significantly more common in HCWs who received one dose of MCV (61%, 51/84 vs. 30%, 7/23, P = 0.010). There were 12 HCWs (12/84, 14%) who become seroconverted from positive to negative after 2 years of one dose of MCV. 결론 Our results suggest that one dose of MCV among seronegative young HCWs, presumed the third dose of MCV, may be insufficient to prevent breakthrough measles infection because of waning serum anti- bodies in 2 years. The vaccination strategy for young HCWs that includes routine serologic screening followed by 2 doses of MCV rather than one dose of MCV in seronegative cases is critical to the pre- vention of measles nosocomial outbreak. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]