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The objective of the study was to find the prevalence of metabolic syndrome along with identifying the atrial arrhythmias, QT C interval, and coronary artery disease among these patients during follow-ups. Among 171 subjects who were implanted with permanent pacemakers, metabolic syndrome was present in 90 (52.6 %). Prevalence of Arrhythmias was 49 (28.7 %), atrial tachycardia (AT)/atrial fibrillation (AF) was seen in 29 (17 %) patients. Our study showed that there is a strong association between metabolic syndrome and atrial arrhythmias. Metabolic syndrome, age, coronary artery disease and Systolic blood pressure were good independent predictors of atrial arrhythmias among patients with pacemaker implantation., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier, a division of RELX India, Pvt. Ltd.)

Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is common congenital heart disease which may require treatment as transcatheter percutaneous device closure (PDA device closure) or surgical ligation in symptomatic full-term patients. Surgical ligation is an invasive procedure and has more complications especially in the neonates. Problems in PDA device closure are difficult vascular access, manipulation of catheters and sheath, residual shunts, residual obstruction of major arteries etc and these complications increase in low birth weight babies, but it is a less invasive procedure and has fewer complications than surgery, so should be tried in low birth weight patients also. We are presenting a case of 3 kg infant with large PDA (8 mm) presented with failure to thrive, lower respiratory tract infection and heart failure. He successfully underwent PDA device closure with 10 × 12 mm Cocoon PDA device. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of the use of such a large device in a 3 kg child with good results., (Copyright © 2014 Cardiological Society of India. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)