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Baricitinib is a competitive inhibitor of the Janus Kinase family of non-receptor protein kinases, predominantly acting against JAK-1 and JAK-2 subtypes. By downregulating transcription of various pro-inflammatory cytokines, this drug has shown efficacy across various dermatoses. Approved for severe cases of alopecia areata and moderate-severe atopic dermatitis in adults, baricitinib is being increasingly tried across many other indications with promising results. It is prudent that dermatologists remain aware of boxed warnings and precautions with the use of this much-discussed molecule, including its infectious, thrombotic, cardiovascular, and malignant ramifications. Long-term data on the use of baricitinib in dermatological conditions are lacking and further research is warranted since most data on safety profile is extrapolated from its use in rheumatology. The present review aims to highlight the immunopathogenic mechanisms of JAK-1/2 blockade, approved and off-label uses in dermatology, along with a concise review of laboratory monitoring and the side-effect profile of baricitinib. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tofacitinib, an oral Janus kinase inhibitor (Jakinib), is an emerging treatment modality whose well-established efficacy in systemic inflammatory diseases is now being actively explored for cutaneous disorders (arising due to the patient's dysimmune responses) that are not responding to and/or sustaining intolerable adverse effects with the classical immunosuppressives and other targeted therapies such as the biologics. The most common dermatoses for which oral as well as topical Jakinibs such as tofacitinib have been evaluated and are being used albeit as an off-label indication include psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, alopecia areata, vitiligo, and atopic dermatitis. This article provides a succinct review on the current status of oral tofacitinib in dermatology through literature search of PubMed database and stresses on the need for further evidence generation to define the drug's place in the therapeutic arsenal of dysimmune cutaneous disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The knowledge of the prevalence of common dermatoses will be useful for optimum use of valuable resources of the country. Aim: The aim of the study is to determine the pattern and prevalence of psoriasis, vitiligo and atopic dermatitis (AD) in India. Materials and Methods: This was a hospital-based study conducted on a single day in one medical college each in four zones of India. Results: The point prevalence of dermatological cases was 9.25%. The point prevalence of psoriasis, vitiligo and AD were 8%, 9.98% and 6.75% respectively. Chronic plaque type psoriasis was the most common (50%) clinical pattern. The most common site of involvement of psoriasis was the palms. Stable type of vitiligo was common which accounted for 65.21%. Lower lip was involved in 75% of mucosal vitiligo. Lower limbs were the most common site of onset of vitiligo. AD was most prevalent in the fi rst decade (40.7%). Personal history of atopy was present in (59.5%) patients. Dry skin was present in 92.5% of patients. Conclusions: Our data correlates with previous hospital-based prevalence studies of psoriasis, vitiligo and AD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]