1. Synthesis of biopolymeric particles loaded with phosphorus and potassium: characterisation and release tests
- Author
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Manuel Sandoval-Villa, Fernando Carlos Gómez-Merino, Libia Iris Trejo-Téllez, Elba Ronquillo-de Jesús, Erika Miranda-Villagómez, Miguel A. Aguilar-Méndez, and Prometeo Sánchez-García
- Subjects
food.ingredient ,Hydrogen bond ,Potassium ,Dispersity ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Nanoparticle ,02 engineering and technology ,Carbohydrate ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,Gelatin ,0104 chemical sciences ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,food ,chemistry ,Distilled water ,Particle size ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,0210 nano-technology ,Research Article ,Biotechnology ,Nuclear chemistry - Abstract
The authors synthesised nanoparticles (NPs) loaded with P and K from KH(2) PO(4) using gelatin type‐A and type‐B, and sodium alginate as carriers. Using type‐A and type‐B gelatin, quasi‐spherical particles were obtained, with average sizes of 682 and 856 nm, respectively; with sodium alginate, the resulting NPs exhibited spherical shapes and 600 nm particle average size. The authors found an interaction between KH(2) PO(4) and alginate via the hydrogen bonds existent among the carboxylic groups of the carbohydrate and the OH‐groups of the H(2) PO(4) ‐; interactions among gelatin types with the OH‐groups and the H(2) PO(4) ‐ion were also observed. Adding trypsin to the distilled water solutions of the NPs coated with type‐A gelatin increased the concentration of P in the solution by threefold, while increasing that of K increased by 2.6‐fold. Conversely, adding α ‐amylase to the water solutions with sodium alginate increased the P and K concentrations in the solution by nearly 1.3‐ and 1.1‐fold, respectively. Thus, sodium alginate resulted in NPs with smaller sizes and better spherical formations, though with a high polydispersity index and lower release rate of P and K. This low release rate represents an advantage since plants demand nutrients for long periods, and conventional fertilisers display low use efficiency.
- Published
- 2019