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Pollution usually accumulates on the surface of the insulator rapidly on high‐speed electric multiple units (EMUs) under operation condition, and the flashover can occur frequently, especially when the EMUs is running on a high‐altitude line. To solve the problem, this paper proposes the calculation method of insulator withstand voltage under the condition of non‐uniform fouling distribution of high‐speed airflow based on the characteristics of high altitude of Lanzhou‐Xin Line in China, and gives the design and test verification of insulator support insulator for 3500‐km altitude. The design and test verification of the supporting insulator of the rolling stock applicable to 3500 km altitude are presented. The result shows that the insulator should be reliable operation on 4430‐km high altitude area if the insulator structure height is 430 mm, the creep distance is 1250 mm. The anti‐pollution performance is fine in high‐speed wind if the radiuses of the large and small shed of the insulator are 196 and 145 mm, respectively, and the shed spacing is 45 mm. The 50‐Hz withstand voltage of the developed insulator is 131 kV and the light impulse voltage is 228 kV which is suitable for lines running on 3500 m. This research provides a theoretical basis and data to support the safety of high‐speed rolling stock in high‐altitude areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]