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This paper presents the results of a measurement campaign conducted in the winter of 2002 around the city of Munich in southern Germany. The primary goal was to evaluate the link performance of the land mobile satellite channel at Ku-band and to characterize the temporal behavior of the channel to help in the evaluation of different fade mitigation techniques for future mobile satellite systems that aim at employing this frequency band. To achieve this objective, first- and second-order channel statistics will be presented, the outage probability of the channel analyzed, and a Markov-chain-based narrowband channel model proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Stochastic properties of the binary channel that describe the successes and failures of the transmission of a modulated signal over a time-correlated flat-fading channel are considered for investigation. This analysis is employed to develop κth-order Markov models for such a bunt channel. The order of the Markov model that generates accurate analytical models is estimated for a broad range of fading environments. The parameterization and accuracy of an important class of hidden Markov models, known as the Gilbert-Elliott channel (GEC), are also investigated. Fading rates are identified in which the κth-order Markov model and the GEC model approximate the fading channel with similar accuracy. The latter model is useful for approximating slowly fading processes, since it provides a more compact parameterization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]