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In this paper, two linear prediction algorithms and the Allan deviation are used to determine the uncertainty on time calibrations performed against predicted timescales. The proposed algorithms are shown to be close to optimal and have the advantage of bounding the timescale prediction error without requiring a noise model of the timescale process.

This paper presents a study of the transfer of frequency stability from an atomic reference to a quartz-crystal oscillator. The study is done for the cases of active and passive atomic frequency standards in which one makes use of a phase-lock loop and of a frequency-lock loop, respectively. The analysis is made in both the frequency and time domains and covers the cases of the hydrogen and rubidium masers and the passive cesium-and rubidium-frequency standards. The results obtained from numerical calculations are presented under the form of graphs. These results include the fractional frequency spectral density Sy(f) as a function of the Fourier frequency f, and the two sample variance ?2(?) as a function of ?, the sampling time.

A computer-controlled system for the measurement of the field distribution in microwave cavities is described. Examples of field measurements at various resonant frequencies are given for a cavity with a complex geometry.