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This paper presents technical requirements of on-channel repeaters (OCRs) to broadcast the terrestrial digital multimedia broadcasting (T-DMB) signals in single frequency network (SFN) environment. In order to meet such requirements, the configuration and implementation method of the equalization OCR are proposed. The proposed equalization OCR does not have only short processing delay, but also provides high quality transmitting signals with high power because of the rejection capability of a feedback signal introduced by incomplete antenna isolation and multipath signals existing between a main transmitter and the OCR. Computer simulations and laboratory tests results are provided to figure out performance of the proposed equalization OCR. Index Terms--Equalization, OCR, SFN, T-DMB.

A Single frequency network (SFN)design based on the Advanced Television Systems Committee (ATSC) terrestrial digital television (DTV) system normally causes interference among signals from multiple transmitters or repeaters in the network. The ATSC recommended practice (RP) A/111 introduces transmitter identification (TxID) signals embedded to the ATSC 8-VSB signals. A TxID signal analyzer is then used to detect the TxID signals and analyze the network. Following the analysis results, the SFN design can be managed by adjusting delay and power of multiple transmitters and repeaters. This paper presents basic concept of the Kasami sequence used as the TxID signals, and their insertion method to the ATSC 8-VSB signals. The structure of the TxID signal analyzer to efficiently detect TxID signals is proposed, and a theoretical approach to performance measurement of the TxID signal analyzer is discussed. In addition, computer simulation and laboratory test results are provided to evaluate the performance of the TxID signal analyzer. Index Terms--8-VSB, Analyzer, ATSC, DTV, SFN, TxID signal.

In this paper, we describe a new 1/4 rate robust modulation techniques for Enhanced-xVSB system which is fully backward compatible with ATSC 8-VSB standard. 1/4 rate mode Enhanced-xVSB system provides broadcasters with a wide choice of trade-offs of data rate vs amount of robustness of enhanced data for pedestrian/mobile services. Lab test results of proposed Enhanced-xVSB 1/4 rate mode robust stream is a significantly improved multipath as well as AWGN reception performance for Enhanced-xVSB receiver. We suggest an Enhanced-xVSB terrestrial broadcasting system for ATSC HDTV and pedestrian/portable TV simultaneous broadcasting service providing. Index Terms--Enhanced-xVSB, robust stream, 1/4 rate mode.

This paper presents and analyses field test results of the Enhanced-VSB (E-VSB) system proposed by Zenith/ATI and adopted as an Advanced Television Standard Committee (ATSC) standard. The possibility of successful reception at outdoor and indoor test points according to types of antennas, noise margin, and ease of reception are measured to analyse performance improvement of the E-VSB system. Verification of backward compatibility between the E-VSB and conventional 8-VSB systems, selection of test points, and configurations of the transmitter and the test vehicle are also presented. The field test results show that the E-VSB system does not only outperform the 8-VSB system at severe multipath environment such as indoor reception, but also is fully backward compatible with it. Index Terms--ATSC, DTV, enhanced-VSB, field test, 8-VSB.

This paper describes advanced dual stream system for improving mobile/pedestrian reception performance to the ATSC DTV 8-VSB transmission standard. E-xVSB system can transmit a mixture of normal (8-VSB) stream and enhanced (robust) stream. The robust stream has a higher threshold of visibility (TOV) compared to the standard stream, and legacy receivers ignore the robust packets. Thus, Enhanced-xVSB system is fully backward compatible with a current ATSC standard. For more robust transmission support, E-xVSB system adopts a reduced constellation method as well as enhanced trellis-coded modulation scheme. E-xVSB system supports a variety of enhanced modulation schemes: Pseudo-2VSB, Enhanced-4VSB, modified Enhanced-8VSB and Hybrid-VSB. Proposed system has been tested in the Lab, and the testing results are shown in this paper. Index Terms--Backward compatible, enhanced-xVSB, robust stream.

This article investigates the reliability gain of broadcast (BC)/broadband (BB) cooperation for mobile scalable video streaming. A specific form of BC-BB cooperation is introduced, which is referred to as cooperative casting. The proposed system primarily utilizes a BC transmission for streaming, while BB backup transmissions are requested whenever the BC signal is not decodable. For BC deliveries in this system, a cross-layer collaboration between scalable video coding (SVC) and layered-division multiplexing is used to improve spectral efficiency by coupling their hierarchical structures. In this end, in tandem with designing the uplink requesting rules based on channel status, delivery performance of the cooperative casting is analytically evaluated in a probabilistic framework. The system design and analyses presented in this article focus on the service continuity in a mobile and time-varying channel, where the physical aspects, such as delayed unicast response and inter-carrier interference, are carefully taken into account. Compared to the standalone network transmissions, the cooperative casting is numerically verified to better prevent the delivery failures in high-speed mobile channels, especially when the SVC layer-combined (full-scale video) service is intended. Furthermore, it is also shown that relaxing the criteria for the BB stream requesting can reduce delivery failures substantially, while it increases transmission redundancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes reliability and quality gains that can be achieved by a broadcast-unicast convergent platform operating in non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA)-based cellular networks. The analysis is addressed in network scope, dealing with randomly distributed users and base stations (BSs) within a stochastic geometry framework. Additionally a well-known Zipf-distribution popularity model on user demands is also taken into account, which effectively reflects a broadcasting gain from reducing redundant resource expense toward the users demanding same contents. Based on the stochastic modeling, closed-form delivery success probabilities and the consequent transmission rates are analytically derived, where the derivations are obtained separately for the networks with different access control strategies. Furthermore, the optimal broadcast content selection strategy maximizing the transmission rates is proposed. By means of numerical calculations, NOMA is shown to achieve substantial gain at broadcast/unicast joint transmission compared to the conventional orthogonal multiple access (OMA) network, particularly for the service configuration with popular contents having lower target service rates than less popular contents as long as the number of broadcast programs is restricted to be equal to the number of unicast services in a single frame. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of 5G system provides a unique opportunity to implement a unified wireless transmission platform that can simultaneous deliver unicast, multicast and broadcast services using the same spectrum and the same infrastructure. This can be achieved by developing a more capable point-to-multipoint transmission (PTM) system component, also called 5G Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Services (5G-MBMS). A properly designed 5G-MBMS could achieve the convergence of terrestrial mobile broadband and TV broadcasting systems.By inherently allowing dynamic spectrum allocation among different types of services, this converged system could offer significant higher spectrum utilization. In this paper, the power-based non-orthogonal multiplexing (P-NOM) technology is proposed in addition to the existing orthogonal time-division-multiplexing (TDM) scheme. Significant capacity gains could be achieved by using P-NOM in a 5G-MBMS system for delivering different types of broadcast services, and for delivering mixed unicast and broadcast services. The capacity benefits of a 5G-MBMS with P-NOM is demonstrated by both theoretical analysis and computer simulations. A key finding is that using a two-layer P-NOM can essentially deliver a broadcast service on top of a unicast network, each achieving nearly full capacity. Next, a complexity analysis will reveal that implementing P-NOM in a 5G-MBMS system does not require significant additional complexity at consumer devices. Finally, it will be shown that, different from the non-orthogonal-multiple-access (NOMA) technologies, using P-NOM in 5G-MBMS system requires little or no change to the existing radio resource allocation mechanisms in LTE and 5G, when one power layer is used for broadcast services delivery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the advanced television systems committee (ATSC) 3.0 physical layer system performances with different modulation and channel coding combinations. Numerous computer simulations, laboratory tests, and field trials are conducted under additive white Gaussian noise, RC20, and RL20 channels. Analysis of the results shows that the measured values in laboratory and field are less than 1 dB away from computer simulation results. This confirms that the ATSC 3.0 physical layer is capable of providing services ranging from ultra-robust reception (negative SNR operation with QPSK and 2/15 low density parity check (LDPC) code) to very high-throughput (over 50 Mb/s with 4096-non-uniform constellation and 13/15 LDPC code) in real field environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we present field test results of a layered division multiplexing (LDM) technology for the next generation digital television system, and analyze the results in several scenarios such as rooftop, indoor, and mobile receptions. In order to evaluate performance of the LDM technology, the field strength or the reception power is measured for all considered scenarios. Furthermore, the threshold of visibility, the marginal reception power, and the erroneous second ratio are measured for fixed, indoor, and mobile receptions, respectively. The field test results show that LDM technology enables broadcaster not only to efficiently provide a variety of services (e.g., mobile, indoor, and stationary services) with different robustness within a single radio frequency (RF) channel but also to increase flexible usage of the RF channel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the ATSC 3.0 PHY layer standard, a transmitter identification (TxID) signal is defined in order to provide the identification of an ATSC 3.0 transmitter. TxID signal can also be used to find the co-channel and adjacent interference signals, to assist accurate location finding calculation, and to obtain the channel estimation for each transmitter, which can help local service (e.g., targeted advertisement) reception, as well as for emergency alert. For efficient use of spectrum and quality of service improvement, single frequency network (SFN) where all transmitters share a single RF channel is often implemented. The recently developed ATSC 3.0 physical layer standard has been designed to support SFN. For efficient designing, fine-tuning and operating an SFN, it is crucial to identify each transmitter, as well as to adjust transmitting power and emission time of each transmitter. This paper presents TxID for ATSC 3.0, and analyzes its detection performance under very low signal to noise ratio environments and other applications, such as location finding, and channel estimation etc. for each SFN transmitter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Layered division multiplexing (LDM) is a spectrum efficient non-orthogonal multiplexing technology that has been adopted in the Advanced Television Systems Committee (ATSC) 3.0 Physical Layer Standard as a baseline technology. This paper studies a two-layer LDM with one layer used for providing a global service through a single frequency network (SFN), and the other for providing local coverage/services, such as location targeted advertising or local content insertion. The pilot boosting effect on SNR and co-channel interference is also analyzed. The LDM upper layer can be used to deliver time-division multiplexed mobile-HD and 4k-UHD services. The LDM lower layer with a negative SNR threshold can reliably provide seamless local coverage/service from each SFN transmitter without coverage gaps among adjacent SFN transmitter service areas. No directional receiving antenna is required for the local service reception and receivers simply tune into the stronger signal. In such LDM systems, while the upper layer is operating in a traditional SFN mode, the lower layer operates in a special form of distributed MIMO or gap-filler mode to provide targeted local coverage. For implementing the two-layer system introduced in this paper, only ATSC 3.0 baseline technologies are used, i.e., there is no need to modify the ATSC 3.0 standard. Given the upper and lower layers’ data rate requirements and the SNR thresholds, the lower layer power, with respect to the upper layer (injection level), can be optimized to maximize upper and lower layer performance and coverage. Since the advertisement time of the local service is typically less than 20% of the program time, nonreal time could be used to play-back the local content at five times the transmission bit rate for better (audio/video) service quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]