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Objective: The purpose of this work is to introduce and study a novel imaging geometry for X-ray luminescence computed tomography (XLCT), termed coded aperture compressive X-ray luminescence tomography (CAC-XLCT). Methods: CAC-XLCT is studied through simulations of X-ray and diffuse light propagation and the implementation of a compressed sensing image reconstruction algorithm. Results: CAC-XLCT is compared against cone beam XLCT considering simulated targets with varying complexity, and it is found to offer a remarkable enhancement in spatial resolution and image quality with only a small overhead in image acquisition time. Conclusions and Significance: XLCT has been mainly investigated so far in pencil beam and cone beam excitation geometries which suffer from either very long image acquisition time or low spatial resolution and accuracy. CAC-XLCT presents a very promising alternative, which can offer simultaneously high spatial resolution, high image quality, and fast image acquisition, appropriate for in vivo imaging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, compressive sampling has received significant attention as an emerging technique for rapid volumetric imaging. We have previously investigated volumetric optical coherence tomography (OCT) image acquisition using compressive sampling techniques and showed that it was possible to recover image volumes from a subset of sampled images. Our previous findings used the multidimensional wavelet transform as the domain of sparsification for recovering OCT image volumes. In this report, we analyzed and compared the potential and efficiency of three other image transforms to reconstruct the same volumetric OCT image. Two quantitative measures, the mean square error and the structural similarity index, were applied to compare the quality of the reconstructed volumetric images. We observed that fast Fourier transformation and wavelet both are capable of reconstructing OCT image volumes for the orthogonal sparse sampling masks used in this report, but with different merits. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]