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Deals with a study which addressed the problem of internetworking of connectionless (CL) Internet Protocol (IP) networks with connection-oriented (CO) networks operated in a switched mode. Examples of packet-switched or circuit-switched CO networks; Discussion on user plane protocol interworking, routing protocol interworking and signaling protocol interworking; Summary and conclusions.

Presents a study which considered design issues of optical routers which combine the advantages of wavelength-division multiplexing with an optical switching technology. Use of optical Internet Protocol routers; What is fiber delay line; Results; Conclusions.

Presents a study which introduced a set of control mechanisms of a protocol architecture to support MPEG-2-based communications systems using asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) networks. Use of hierarchical coding scheme; Mechanisms in ATM switches; Algorithm on dynamic error concealment; Conclusions.

Presents a study which discussed the architectural aspects of multiprotocol label switching (MPLS) which enable it to address Internet Protocol traffic engineering management. Features of MPLS; Application of MPLS to traffic engineering.

Presents a study which analyzed the Internet Protocol over asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) services from an ATM-centric standpoint. Overview of the increasing demand for Internet services; Conclusions.

Presents a study which provided a mechanism for Internet Protocol and asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) address resolution avoiding the use of Next Hop Resolution Protocol (NHRP). Issues in the interaction of NHRP and Resource Reservation Protocol (RSVP); Procedure for the support of ATM shortcuts; Definitions of the RSVP classes; Conclusions.

Presents a study which discussed the traffic engineering standards in Internet protocol networks using the multiprotocol label switching (MPLS). Handling of traffic in the Internet; Requirements for a signaling protocol; Conclusions.

Presents a study which focused on multiprotocol label switching protocol (MPLS) loop prevention by which label-switched paths are prevented from forming loops. Impact of a routing loop on MPLS; Control of loop in MPLS; Levels of loop control; Conclusions.

Presents a study which examined distributed methods for fault recovery using modified Label Distribution Protocol (LDP) messages of multiprotocol label switching in the Internet. History of the Internet; Classes of LDP; Reliability of the Internet; Reasons for usefulness of computer network monitoring; Conclusions.

Presents a study which discussed the role of multiprotocol label switching (MPLS) and traffic engineering in Internet Protocol (IP) networks. Instruments used by Internet service providers in meeting the challenge of Internet growth; Concepts of Internet traffic engineering; Components of the MPLS traffic engineering model; Conclusion.

Presents a study which discussed the role of multiprotocol label switching to the Internet architecture. Components of the Internet architecture; Evolution of the Internet routing architecture; Conclusion.

Presents information on a study which stated that the Internet Protocol provides infrastructure for multimedia and communications applications by using voice, video and data. Impact of Internet applications on electronic commerce; Importance of call center to customer services of companies.

Presents information on a programmable architecture for the provision of hybrid communication services. Background on hybrid services; Principles of the service architecture and its advantages; Generic service components for the creation of sophisticated services; Presentation of a hybrid closed user group design.

Presents information on the standards of organizations which focus on Internet protocol (IP) and telecommunication integration. Description of the outlines of IP-related organizations; Information on the IP-related activities in International Telecommunication Union-Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-U); Standards of the organizations and ITU-U recommendations; Collaborative relationship of the organizations. INSET: Related Web Sites.

Describes a general framework for supporting hybrid services in emerging data networks based on an Internet protocol (IP) platform. Technological crossroads in the IP platform development; Details on middleware network and IP service platforms; Principles guiding the design and development of the platform; Description of the architecture of the GeoPlex Internet platform developed at AT&T Labs Co.

Discusses the evolution of the existing carrier infrastructure. Convergence of the media and transport layer through Internet protocol synchronous digital hierarchy/synchronous optical network asynchronous transfer mode (ISA); Advantages of ISA asynchronous/Internet protocol; Operational challenges in managing multiservice networks.

Presents an overview of the interworking aspects for the provision of interoperable services between Internet protocol (IT) Telephony and public switched telephone network (PSTN) voice services. Interworking function in five basic voice communications scenarios; Signaling and control protocols; User data transfer; Problems that still need to be solved.

Gives a glimpse of the topics in focus and technology on exhibit at SUPERCOMM '99, a communications exhibition and conference. Guests and speakers; Ideas on network migration technology from AT&T's Michael Gerwirtz; Hugh Bradlow's views on Internet Protocol (IP) and changes in the existing infrastructures' processes and systems.

Determines the management, systems and devices ramifications of the scattered wavelength path (SCWP), a computer network protocol. Comparison between optical packet switching and conventional electronic approach; Use of subcarrier multiplexing, separate wavelengths and serial transmission; Node design based on wavelength router devices.

Investigates five classes of medium control access control protocols with respect to their applications in satellite communications. Includes fixed assignments; Demand assignment; Random access; Hybrid of random access and reservation; Adaptive protocols.

Describes the asynchronous transfer mode private network-network interface version one protocol to support the mobility of ATM network segments, consisting of one or more ATM switches relative to a fixed ATM infrastructure. ATM network aboard an aircraft in flight that maintains ATM connectivity via satellite with the ground network; Pros and cons of a proposed routing and handover.

Discusses some of the advantages and disadvantages of implementing communication protocols in Java. Background information on Java; How communication protocols can be implemented in Java; Discussion of the potential issues resulting from the use of Java-based protocols; Conclusions.

Describes a novel methodology for protocol design of computer networks, using incremental construction of the protocol from elements called protocol boosters on an as-needed basis. Description of the protocol boosters; Application of active networking; Similar problem on space that the protocol boosters share with.

Discusses issues and related to the problem of making computer applications network-aware and reactive to changing network conditions. Motivation for network awareness in mobile agent systems; Different approaches to network awareness for distributed applications; Details on a work on network monitoring and agents.

Studies the dynamics and performance of the transmission control protocol/Internet protocol (TCP/IP) over the asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) networks. Congestion mechanisms of TCP; Buffering requirements for TCP over unspecified bit rate (UBR); Factors affecting available bit rate (ABR) buffering requirements.

Traces the evolution of multiprotocol label switching (MPLS) technology in relation to other existing technologies. Overview of the MPLS architecture and design; Proposals for label switching that have been put forward; Issues facing label switching; Future trends; Conclusion.

Suggests the use of Internet protocols (IP) and technologies to enhance transport networks for efficient handling of data packets. Current time-division multiplexing (TDM)-based transport systems; Goals of packet transport systems; Architecture of packet transport networks.

Presents information on a study which summarized the location management and handoff protocols necessary to implement mobile asynchronous transfer mode (ATM). Description on how mobility is supported at the Internet protocol (IP) layer mobile ATM; Discussion on mobile ATM; How mobility supports Internet Protocol Switching Over Fast ATM Cell Transport.

Focuses on the integration of the Internet protocol (IP) and asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) layers to produce hybrid ATM switch/IP routers. Classical approaches to IP over ATM; Discussion on IP switch and cell switch router; Discussion of the results of the study.

Surveys the three versions of Simple Network Management Protocols (SNMP) and discusses the way in which management information is represented and the protocol functionality. Basic SNMP concepts; Information on the three SNMP versions; Conclusions.

Presents an overview of existing multicast protocols research and development. Several features used to classify the multicast transport protocol; Classification of the multicast transport protocols according their features; Review of the surveyed protocols.

Focuses on the direct effect of shortcut routing on Internet Protocol/asynchronous transfer mode's (IP/ATM) routing paradigm. Definition and purpose of shortcut routing; Classification of IP/ATM networks; Issues in IP/ATM shortcut routing.

Presents a discussion on Internet protocol (IP) and asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) integration perspective. Characteristics of ATM; Basis of the IP multicast service; Analysis of some proposals to integrate IP and ATM.

Describes different schemes for augmenting a wired asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) network. Motivation for mobile ATM; Comparison of the two location management schemes; Information on the interworking mobile ATM with mobile internet protocol (IP).

Provides information on the problems of the suitable Media access control (MAC) protocol for the wired asynchronous transfer mode into the wireless medium. Medium access control protocols; Wireless medium characteristics; Integrated MAC protocol specifications.

Presents a tutorial on how Resource Reservation Protocol (RSVP) can be used by end applications to ensure that they receive the end-to-end quality of service (QoS) that they require. Background information about Internet Protocol; Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) integrated services; More information.

Explores most of the technical details of mobile Internet protocol (IP). Description of the problem solved by mobile IP; Terminologies and mobile IP overview; Discovery of mechanisms of mobile IP; Three related functions of mobile IP.

Presents a description of broadband access facilities (BAF) network. The passive optical networks; Asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) layer principles; Medium access (MAC) protocol; The BAF MAC protocol; Ranging the MAC protocol; Performance evaluation of the study; Conclusion of the study.

Focuses on the Common Management Information Service (CMIS) capable scripting language called Tool Command Language (Tcl)) and the associated lightweight Common Management Information Protocol (CMIP). Discussion of the workstation model (WS); Issues behind the Tcl and CMIP; Examples of the applicability of the technology.

Describes the IPv6 Internet protocol. Role of an Internet protocol; Proposals for next generation Internet protocol; IPv6 formats and functions; IPv6 security mechanisms.

Discusses a research project conducted by the French National Telecommunications Research Network that defined and developed the traffic handling and dimensioning rules needed to optimize traffic engineering or data flows in Internet Protocol (IP) networks as of May 2002. IP network services being defined by the project; Tasks involved in characterizing the different traffic categories to be found in a multimedia network.

As the pace of IoT deployments accelerate, IoT standards are undergoing major evolutions, sometimes revolutions. For instance, cellular network standards are now adding techniques to improve network performance to address traffic patterns generated by an increasing number of IoT devices. Ongoing discussions around 5G requirements may become game changing for M2M communications because the standard will be designed, from the ground-up, for massive-scale IoT deployments. This is a radical shift compared to the ?quick-fixes? 3GPP and 3GPP2 have been adding to 2G/3G and 4G standards so far. Another example of this radical shift is related to IoT service platforms (such as the platform standardized by oneM2M) and IoT applications. Semantic interoperability is now emerging as a major trend that allows data exchange between applications, an increased level of interoperability, analytics and reasoning. With ontologies engineering, researchers will soon overcome the limitations of static data models and bridge the gap between the currently deployed vertical silos. Other areas that will see intense standardization activity are IoT security and low power wide area connectivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents the index of advertisers in this issue of the publication. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The article introduces various manuscripts presented in part 2 of the series "Cross-Layer Engineering for Wireless Mobile Networks," given in the January 2006 issue of the journal "IEEE Communications Magazine." The papers discuss several issues related to the cross-layer architecture and designing. They also discuss the need of high speed multimedia services that are one of the primary prerequisites for the protocol. The paper by V.T. Raisinghani and S. Iyer presents the cross-layer design architecture for enhancing the performance of existing protocol stacks in the wireless environment. The paper by R. Winter, J. Schiller, N. Nikaein and C. Bonnet provides an insight into cross-talk and methods of improvement of the cross layer working. Then there is an article by X. Zhang, J. Tang, H-H. Chen, S. Ci, and M. Guizani that presents information on a cross-layer model to investigate the impact of various advanced physical layer techniques on radio link layer performance. Then there are articles that focus on IEEE 802.11 standard on cross-layer signaling.

This article presents information about the papers published in the "Cross-Layer Protocol Engineering for Wireless Mobile Networks" section of the December 2005 issue of the "IEEE Communications Magazine." The rapid evolution of the next generation wireless network is being driven by the growth of wireless packet data applications. One of the challenges in this evolution is to develop end-to-end protocol solutions across networks by using IP technologies. Cross-layer protocol engineering is an emerging research area and it also holds potential for comprehensive results addressing relevant issues to support emerging applications. The first article, "Cross-Layer Design: A Survey and the Road Ahead," presents information about cross-layer design proposals and also presents classification of the initial proposals for cross-layer interaction implementations. The second article "Cross-Layer Design for Resource Allocation in 3G Wireless Networks and Beyond" focuses on different cross-layer design approaches for resource allocation in 3G CDMA networks. Another article "Utility-Based Resource Allocation and Scheduling in OFDM-Based Wireless Broadband Networks" focuses on resources management in broadband wireless networks.

The article informs that generalized multiprotocol label switching (GMPLS) is a family of IP-based control plane protocols devised within the Internet Engineering Task Force, and intended to offer an advanced and uniform control plane for a variety of network technologies from packet switching networks, through layer 2 and time-division multiplexing networks, to lambda and fiber switching. Significant drivers for the development of GMPLS were advances in wavelength-division multiplexing technology and the promise of a unified control plane for the new optical networks. A question often asked is why there has not been much traction with GMPLS protocols in the optical market. There is an argument that signaled end-to-end connections, whether via GMPLS, frame relay, or asynchronous transfer mode, have never really succeeded in market. Operators prefer to retain precise manual control over the way traffic is placed within their networks rather than relinquish that control to the software and protocols in control plane, no matter how "intelligent" that control plane is supposed to be. Furthermore, there has been little incentive for service providers to use a dynamic provisioning technique in networks where physical resources are in any case dedicated to services they support.

SBE Inc., a leading provider of high performance original equipment manufacturer (OEM) board-level networking solul ions, and PyX Technologies, an OEM supplier of iSCSI protocol solutions, announced their joint iSCSI storage management solution designed to deliver performance and reliability in a cost-effective and easily deployable bundle. The SBE/PyX ISCSI solution merges SBE's dual port Gigabit Ethernet TCP/IP Offload Engine board with PyX's fault-tolerant, high-availability, uniform ISCSI software protocol. Fully compliant with IETF iSCSI standards, this robust iSCSI product delivers multi-path migration and Error Recovery Level Two functionality. Featuring active trunking and aggregation of port bandwidth, the SBE/PyX solution ensures that there is no single point of failure on the storage transport layer between any two iSCSI nodes while simultaneously offloading the network protocol processing from the CPU. The ISCSI Target product resides on a storage server and is the destination of the call from an ISCSI Initiator.

Quality of service (QoS) has been a frequently used term and hot research topic in the past few years. However, IP networks and wireless cellular systems have been looking at QoS provisioning from rather different perspectives. In IP and computer networks, researchers mainly concentrated on those techniques that could enable migrating traditional best effort Internet service with no guarantee on delay or throughput or even reliable delivery of packets into a more predictable architecture. Differentiated services, integrated services, and various combinations of the two techniques have tried fulfilling QoS in the Internet by defining different architectures and reservation techniques. While research on these and other alternative techniques is still ongoing, due to the large-scale architecture of the global Internet and the diversity in Internet nodes, routers, and hosts, Internet QoS still has a long way to go to become a reality. One implication issue in providing QoS over the Inter net, arising from the fact that QoS should be maintained on an end-to-end basis, is that without a mutual commitment from all intermediate links and networks, is that QoS cannot be guaranteed. Such commitment is even difficult for a small private network, not to mention for the widespread Internet where each packet may travel on a different path from other packets of the same message. For cellular systems, traditionally service quality has been guaranteed for certain measures, including call dropping probability, call blocking probability, security, and, more important for voice communications, delay limits. With the introduction of data services, cellular providers have tried to accommodate a certain level of service guarantee to data transactions, mainly those that used the traditional circuit-switched network to deliver data packets.

The process of migrating voice and video traffic onto a common infrastructure, using Internet Protocol (IP) as the base protocol, is gathering speed. The route toward service integration using Internet technology is inevitable for several reasons, among them are reduction of operating expenses, optimizing operating efficiency, better utilization of the trunks, improving the flexibility of new telephony and multimedia services, the fast pace of new interactive service development, evolving voice beyond legacy telephony, the need to satisfy rapidly evolving customer expectations, the desire to increase service provider revenues. Being a connectionless packet-based technology, the Internet Protocol (IP) intrinsically lacks features that guarantee quality of service (QoS) and security. In addition, any attempt to migrate public switched telephone network services onto an IP network must not worsen QoS. Users would find this unacceptable, especially for telephony. Most available solutions for voice over IP telephony services tend to bypass QoS limitations by limiting coverage to specific areas in which network resources are overprovisioned.