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Two novel classes of optical orthogonal code (OOC) based on balanced incomplete block designs are proposed: OOC based on mutual orthogonal Latin squares/rectangles and the codes based on finite geometries. Both OOC families can be applied to synchronous and asynchronous incoherent optical CDMA, and are compatible with spectral-amplitude-coding (SAC), time-spreading encoding and fast frequency hopping schemes. Large flexibility in cross-correlation control makes those OOC families interesting candidates for applications that require a large number of users. Novel fiber Bragg grating decoding scheme for canceling the multi-user interference from SAC-signals with nonfixed in-phase cross-correlation is proposed as well. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]