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One of the key goals of future 5G networks is to incorporate many different services into a single physical network, where each service has its logical network isolated from other networks. Besides, Network Slicing (NS) is considered as the key technology for meeting the service requirements of diverse application domains. Recently, NS faces several algorithmic challenges for 5G networks. This paper provides a review related to NS architecture with a focus on relevant Management and Orchestration (MANO) architecture across multiple domains. In addition, this survey paper delivers a deep analysis and a taxonomy of NS algorithmic aspects. Finally, this paper highlights some of the open issues and future directions.

Identity-as-a-Service (IDaaS) is one of the most famous fruitful authentication services for cloud deployment to the Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) model. It is a third party approach for identity management, including creation, authentication, and privacy assurance. In this paper, the Virtual Identity ( $V_{ID}$ ), as a new realization for IDaaS terminology which can be used in virtual environments, is proposed to improve the user privacy and to provide the anonymous Single sign-on (SSO) in such types of distributed environments. Actually, two $V_{ID}$ frameworks based on the Identity-Based Encryption (IBE) and Pseudonym-Based Encryption (PBE) approaches are proposed and then implemented using $MIRACL$ library. The $V_{ID}$ approaches performance is evaluated analytically by implementing a mathematical model based on $BCMP$ (Baskett Chandy Muntz Palacios) queuing model. In addition, a simulation-based evaluation using $OPNET$ Modeler is introduced to compare the analytical-based $BCMP$ queuing model against the $OPNET$ simulation results. Moreover, the proposed approaches are compared against state-of-the-art work.

To satisfy the significant demand for wireless traffic growth in the near future, ultra-dense cellular networks have been extensively investigated recently in both academia and industry. Many techniques, such as massive MIMO (multiple-in multiple-out) antenna arrays, millimeter wave communication, small cells, and heterogeneous networks, have been proposed for the design of future ultra-dense cellular systems. For example, Massive MIMO technology enables the reduction of antenna transmission power, and millimeter wave channels are suitable for short distance communications in outdoor environments. Motivated by these new technologies, cell coverage has also been correspondingly reduced so as to improve the area spectrum usage. To realize seamless coverage, a large number of small cells will be deployed.