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Tularemia, also called rabbit fever, is a zoonosis caused by the bacteria Francisella tularensis. The reservoir is wild animals, especially small rodents, from which the infection spreads to larger rodents and other wild or domestic animals. Transmission to humans occurs when handling a contaminated animal, indirectly by blood-sucking arthropods, via inhalation of contaminated aerosol, or alimentary. The disease occurs in several forms, which are related to the way of transmission. It is more common in agricultural areas and has the character of a natural-focal disease. In the period 2018–2023, he number of reported cases in the Czech Republic was around 60 cases per year; in the South Moravian Region, which makes up a tenth of the total population of the Czech Republic, an average of 12 cases per year, which is a fifth of the all cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Invasive mosquito species represent a major threat to human health since they are vectors of many dangerous pathogens such as dengue, chikungunya and zika viruses, necessitating performance of routine vector surveillance. Methodology: Between 2016 and 2020 we performed mosquito monitoring targetted at invasive mosquito species in South Moravia (Břeclavsko and Znojemsko regions) using ovitraps (collection of eggs) and BG-Sentinel traps (collection of adults). Results: The invasive mosquito species Aedes albopistus was found on all study sites. Conclusion: Results indicate possible risk of future establishment of this species due to global climatic changes [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]