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Robert Kourik cites the (literally) groundbreaking work of Weaver, a plant ecologist who advanced our understanding of root systems of native prairie plants, as an inspiration for his own studies. I shouldn't have been surprised, as Robert reproduced in Understanding Roots a drawing of the excavated root system of a 10-year-old horseradish that had penetrated more than 14 feet down into the soil. COLUMNS GROWING GREENER REPLAYING AN INTERVIEW with gardener extraordinaire Robert Kourik the other day reminded me of how little I - and most other gardeners, I think - know about roots, and how much he does know. [Extracted from the article]

There are about 28 different kinds of wild calibrachoa, similar to the number of different wild petunias (about 21), but the calibrachoas have a much broader range of colors and they are capable of generating a more complex mix of hues than petunias. Newer varieties are more tolerant of a wider range of soils and environments, though this is still a plant better suited for containers than most garden soils. Other than that, a balanced acidic plant fertilizer applied regularly will give the plant energy to produce thousands of flowers all season long. [Extracted from the article]

The article offers information on native shrubs designed by nature for less than optimal site conditions. It is noted that red twig dogwood shrub has four seasons of interest and it prefers moist soils and can tolerate standing water, seasonal flooding and clay soils. It is noted that winterberry, a deciduous holly native to the eastern U.S., thrives in boggy conditions, poorly drained soils and wet woods.

We always recommend a soil test to determine the appropriate soil amendments, including compost, for your yard and your gardening goals. Adding too much compost can make the problem worse (remember, compost helps soils stay moist!). Depending on your compost mix, adding compost may not meet all the nutrient demands of your garden. [Extracted from the article]

Anchored walls are the strongest type of retaining wall, and they can be combined with other techniques. Drainage tiles placed behind the wall can help alleviate water build-up in poorly drained soils. PHOTO (COLOR): The right type of retaining wall depends on soil type, the extent of the slope and other factors influencing stability. [Extracted from the article]

Answers questions on horticulture. Recommended spring-flowering bulbs for lawns; Ideal soil amendment for clay soil; Guidelines for overwintering ornamental varieties of common sweet potato.