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Objective/Context: The incorporation of the former governorship of Popayán into Colombia was challenging and was only achieved by sacrificing an essential part of the revolutionary program. The cost for the Republic was very high, since a model of society that the other New Granada provinces rejected survived, aggravated, in a region of capital importance. A political vortex came about where party disputes in the country would swirl about until the end of the century. Methodology: To understand this momentous gestation, this article, built from pamphlets of the time and military and judicial sources, follows the footsteps of Colonel José Concha, who was entrusted by the pro-independence authorities with the expansion of the Colombian project in the newly created department of Cauca. Originality: As will be seen, the insurmountable difficulties he faced in recruiting and marshaling resources are a clear indication of the fierce opposition of society as a whole to revolutionary innovations. The approach adopted, by insisting on the intensely passionate and emotional adherence that the royalist and revolutionary cause aroused during the last stage of the War of Independence in the southwest of New Granada, proposes a way to overcome the collapse of that historical reality in the face of the unchecked importance given to ethnic and corporate factors. Conclusions: Despite his activity and his arrests, Concha failed in his mission, and the Republic, in a certain way, gave in as well for this reason, leading to pacification ending up strengthening poisonous aristocratic ambitions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyzes the genesis and consolidation of devotion to the holy Ecce Homo in the city of Popayán -- located in the New Kingdom of Granada-- during the second half of the 17th century. It explores the influence of this mystical experience in crystalizing the city's religious feasts and the cultural nuances that permeated this particular invocation. It also describes the relationship of interdependence between the liberty of the free black man Juan Antonio de Velasco and other merchants, slaves, artisans, and the devout public in stabilizing this particular form of worship of the holy one. At the same time that it specifically traces the "life world" of the founder and confrere of the tradition, it calls attention to the imprint he made on this religious ritual in Popayán, "the white city." In addition to these social factors, it also shows the influence that the generalized natural crisis of the 17th century had on the emergence of new brotherhoods, rogation days and forms of devotion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tracing the history of a family across three generations, from enslavement in eighteenth-century West Africa through emancipation during the Haitian Revolution and subsequent resettlement in New Orleans, then France, then Belgium, can shed light on phenomena that are Atlantic in scope. Together, the experiences of the Vincent/ Tinchant family illuminate an Atlantic and Caribbean rights-consciousness that crossed the usual boundaries of language and citizenship. Uncovering these experiences suggests the value of combining the close focus displayed in Sidney Mintz's Worker in the Cane with the Atlantic approach of his later Sweetness and Power. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]