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This paper examines the transformation of epistemological issues from classical period to modern time. It is shown that an important factor in the cognitive process for a long time was the subject and object interaction. An important factor in modern educational process is becoming of practices of visual cognition and thinking. New thinking has given a lot of new cognitive practices. Among them the «linguistic turn» in which the theory of knowledge is replaced by the theory of meaning. The article focuses on U. Eco’s position that looks for solutions to problems both in information theory, semiotics, mathematics, social aspects of science and art. Visual turn in culture is related to modern means of communication. An important factor in cognitive process is the formation of knowledge and practice of visual thinking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Hileya: Scientific Bulletin / Gileya is the property of GILEYA Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The paper reveals the genesis of visual-oriented processes of thinking, that confirms the replays of traditional ways of knowledge representation. It is shown that visual types of communication globally transform mass culture from the printed media to visual forms, increasing and dominating. The «consumer society» today is also a society of «consuming images», that initiate a «visual» or «iconic» turn. The result is the formation of «videological culture», leading in the information space. A study of the problem of «visuality» involvs logic, semiotics, ethics, argumentation theory, social philosophy, various cultural and philosophical and anthropological areas. The paper emphasizes that today humanity is moving towards a global society structured around production, distribution and consumption of active visual images. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]