Given the increasingly widespread use of mobile phones in the developing world, the application of this technology for healthcare (also referred to as m-health) has tremendous potential. However, there is a need for more research on factors that influence the sustainable and scalable adoption of m-health in developing countries. To fill this gap, in this study, drawing on the theory of diffusion of innovation, we conducted indepth interviews with 29 health professionals in Sri Lanka to understand their views on the benefits and barriers to adopting m-health. Participants had mixed views on the adoption of this technology. Reasons for m-health adoption included efficiency and usefulness in emergency situations. Barriers to adoption included risks for miscommunication/misinterpretation and lack of systems/policies for implementing m-health technology. With regard to the innovation-decision process, most participants appear to be in the stages of "persuasion" and "decision"; with regard to degree of innovativeness, interviewees comprise a mix of "early adopters" and "laggards." Assuming mobile health apps afford improvements in health outcomes for developing countries, contextual factors in each national setting should inform design and implementation of m-health interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]