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As health systems worldwide confront a growing prevalence of chronic disease, attention has focused on self-management as a strategy for delivering better outcomes for individuals and the health system. Consumer health organisations (CHOs) offer an existing, but under-utilised, resource for supporting self-management. This paper reports on a study designed to investigate the use of CHOs among people with diabetes and arthritis. A cross-sectional computer-assisted telephone interview survey was completed by 279 people who had made contact with one of four CHOs in Queensland, Australia, between July and August 2006. Self-reported data were collected on the participants’ socio-demographic and health-related characteristics, pathways to, use and benefits of CHO contact and subsequent health actions. People contacted CHOs primarily to obtain further information about their condition or to access services or products. Most believed CHOs offered useful information relevant to their health and better ways to manage health problems. Almost half reported that they had started exercising or changed diet following contact. More than two-thirds of diabetes contacts had been directed to the organisation by a health professional, compared with less than one-third of those with arthritis. Correspondingly, people with diabetes reported shorter periods between diagnosis and contact and more prior contact with the organisation and were less likely to wish they had made contact earlier. The study concludes that people who contact CHOs report benefits and health actions conducive to better self-management. The integration of CHOs within the wider health system, as in the case of the diabetes CHO in this study, is likely to facilitate contact. Further attention to the role of these organisations as part of a comprehensive approach to chronic illness care is warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The redefining of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) from an acute disease to a manageable chronic illness has reshaped the focus of care, emphasising clinical outcomes and sidelining the complex social barriers many people living with HIV (PLHIV) still face. This parallels changes in the location of HIV care in Australia, with many PLHIV seeking care from private general practitioners whose ability to address complex social issues is constrained by limitations of time and resources. In response, peer navigation has emerged as a model of care implemented by some HIV‐based community health organisations seeking to support PLHIV's biomedical and psychosocial needs. However, there is limited understanding of how peer navigation operates in community settings or of the way these programmes integrate with primary care. This paper is the first to explore peer navigation from the perspective of general practitioners (GPs), with experience in treating PLHIV, to understand the role they see for peer navigators (PNs) in supporting PLHIV. Semi‐structured in‐depth interviews were conducted with six GPs (11.5% of specialty HIV GPs in Queensland, Australia) to examine their views and experiences of peer navigation in the context of HIV care. GPs highlighted the complexities of care for PLHIV and the need for additional resources and supports for psychosocial care. GPs valued peer navigation as part of a patient support network and bridge to health and social care systems. PNs normalised HIV, alleviating fear and stigma, educating and translating clinical information for patients. However, a key challenge was the absence of direct communication pathways with PNs. Peer navigation has clear potential in supporting the care of PLHIV, to alleviate constraints in GP settings and expand HIV care beyond the clinic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Australian and international findings report pharmacy staff are motivated to expand and undertake new roles in public health and expressed a strong interest in providing oral healthcare services to the community. We sought to describe consumer experiences within primary oral healthcare, and views about pharmacy staff roles and boundaries in providing oral health services as perceived by a sample of consumers living within metropolitan Australia. Sampling occurred purposively to enable diverse perspectives on the topic. Socioeconomic status, as defined by the Socio‐Economic Index for Areas, was used as the primary criteria to stratify focus group recruitment. Thematic, in‐depth analysis of focus group discussions was carried out. In all, 34 participants took part in six focus groups, held in metropolitan settings in Queensland, Australia. Findings show that consumers supported pharmacy staff performing non‐invasive oral health services including providing oral health education and advice, reviewing medications and recommending evidence‐based medications. As services became more invasive (i.e., oral screening and fluoride application), questions and concerns were raised around the appropriateness of the community pharmacy setting and the level of training of pharmacy staff to provide these services. This study identifies the need to support greater integration of oral healthcare roles by community pharmacy staff. Future innovative and collaborative research involving additional stakeholder groups are necessary to explore, develop and test the feasibility and effectiveness of pharmacy‐led oral healthcare models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Health related non-profit organisations (NPOs) provide a potentially important but largely untapped role in mental health promotion in communities. This paper reports on a study investigating the activities and contributions made by NPOs to mental health and well-being. One hundred and eight NPOs based in the metropolitan area of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia, participated in a survey exploring agency activities that contribute to promoting mental well-being; factors that helped or hindered the organisation in engaging in mental health promotion activities and evaluation methods and processes. An index of key themes was developed and frequencies derived from categorical data. NPOs undertook five key types of activities to promote mental health and well-being: support provision (81%); service provision (59%); information sharing (52%); activities to promote well-being (24%); and advocacy (6%). Systematic evaluation of longer-term outcomes was rare, with most NPOs (72%) relying on informal feedback from clients. Human resources in the form of paid or volunteer workers were most frequently (58%) identified as contributing to the capacity of agencies to carry out mental health promotion activities. Training and education emerged as a substantive need (34%). NPOs are well placed to enhance resiliency in the context of ongoing health problems, disability or other adverse psychosocial circumstances that place people at risk of mental health problems. As such they constitute a significant resource for advancing mental health promotion goals. What is needed to extend the practice and evidence base in this area is training and skill development for NPO workers, along with larger-scale research conducted in collaboration with NPOs to assess the contributions and cost-effectiveness of the sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]