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The article discusses the plasticity in cryoprotectant synthesis in insects, specifically focusing on glycerol production in response to cold temperatures. Insects in temperate regions accumulate glycerol to avoid freezing, with some species showing a rapid increase in glycerol production during sudden cold events. The study found evidence of increased enzyme activity and mRNA abundance related to glycolysis in response to cold exposure, with northern populations producing more glycerol upon cold shock. This research provides insight into the mechanisms behind the plasticity of cold hardiness in insects. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from the University of Paris Est Creteil conducted an experimental study on male New-Zealand rabbits to investigate the impact of cerebral net uptake of lactate on neurological injury after cardiac arrest. The study found that immediate administration of isotonic lactate or pyruvate post-cardiac arrest was harmful, while pre-cardiac arrest inhibition of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) showed neuroprotective effects. The research highlights the complex role of enzymes and coenzymes in neurological outcomes following cardiac events. For more information, the full article can be accessed in Scientific Reports. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Korea University have provided new insights into the structural and catalytic mechanisms of 3-Hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase from Faecalibacterium Prausnitzii A2-165. Their study focused on the correlation between Faecalibacterium prausnitzii strain A2-165 and atopic dermatitis, emphasizing the importance of understanding crucial enzymes in the butyrate pathway. By elucidating the three-dimensional structure of A2HBD and observing conformational changes upon substrate binding, the researchers proposed a mechanism for substrate reduction. This research, supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea and Korea University, sheds light on the molecular science behind butyrate production and its potential implications for skin health. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from the University of Queensland in Australia discusses the role of histone deacetylase 7 (HDAC7) in activating the enzyme 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD) through a mechanism that does not involve enzymatic activity but rather a protein-protein interaction domain. This research sheds light on the function of HDAC7 in macrophages and its impact on the pentose phosphate pathway, highlighting its dual pro- and anti-inflammatory roles. The study provides insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the activation of 6PGD by HDAC7, offering valuable information for understanding immune cell function and potential therapeutic targets. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Oslo University Hospital have identified a patient with a mild skeletal phenotype carrying a novel variant in the DHODH gene, associated with Miller syndrome. They compared this variant to another previously reported variant, finding a significant reduction in enzyme activity for both. Further studies are needed to confirm the pathogenicity of these variants. This study sheds light on the genetic basis of Miller syndrome and its associated enzyme activity. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study from the University of Opole in Poland explored the potential of Panax ginseng C.A. Mey. as a raw material in treating the negative effects of alcohol consumption. The research highlighted the effectiveness of ginseng in supporting ethanol metabolism by inducing enzymes like alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase. Additionally, the study suggested that ginseng may have a hepatoprotective effect, making it a promising supplement for alleviating hangover symptoms. The findings were based on a literature analysis using medical databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Medline. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at Kanagawa Dental University in Japan explored the use of salivary lactate dehydrogenase (LD) levels as a parameter for screening periodontal diseases. The researchers found a positive correlation between salivary LD levels and the periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA), suggesting that salivary LD levels could be a reliable indicator of periodontal status. The study included 110 patients, and the researchers developed a formula to estimate PISA using salivary LD levels, sex, and age. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from Hitachi High-Tech Corporation have submitted a patent application for an automatic analysis device and method for controlling it. The device is designed to analyze specimens such as blood or urine in hospitals and inspection facilities. The invention aims to prevent the mixing of suspended matter in the upper layer sample during analysis, which can lead to abnormal test results. The device includes a specimen dispensing probe that removes a part of the surface layer of the upper layer sample or applies vibration to it before dispensing it for testing. The patent application provides a detailed description of the device and its advantages. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from the University of Bologna in Italy have made a significant discovery regarding the inhibition of lactate synthesis in cancer cells. The researchers found that peptides mimicking a specific region of the lactate dehydrogenase A (LDH-A) enzyme effectively interfere with the assembly of the enzyme into its active form. This discovery has potential implications for developing new therapeutic targets for cancer treatment. The research was funded by Fondazione Carisbo, the Ministry of Education, Universities and Research (MIUR), and the China Scholarship Council. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers from the University of Basrah in Iraq examined the effects of flaxseed oil on the liver and heart muscle. The study involved 100 mice divided into different groups and treated with varying doses of flaxseed oil for different durations. The results showed that consumption of flaxseed oil led to a decrease in total cholesterol and LDL levels, while increasing levels of VLDL, triglycerides, HDL, and lactate dehydrogenase enzyme. However, high doses of flaxseed oil were found to cause damage to the liver and heart muscle. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by researchers at the University of Agriculture in Faisalabad, Pakistan, has found that juglanin, a compound derived from walnuts, can alleviate testicular damage caused by polyethylene microplastics (PEMP) in rats. The study involved four groups of rats, including a control group, a group exposed to PEMP, a group co-administered juglanin and PEMP, and a group supplemented with juglanin. The administration of juglanin increased antioxidant enzyme activity, decreased levels of reactive oxygen species and inflammatory markers, and improved hormonal levels and the expression of steroidogenic enzymes. The study suggests that juglanin has therapeutic potential in mitigating the harmful effects of PEMP-induced testicular damage. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Osun State University examined the effects of arsenic contamination in drinking water on energy-metabolizing enzymes in lymphocytes and brain tissue. Male albino rats were exposed to varying concentrations of arsenic in their drinking water for different durations. The results showed that arsenic exposure led to significant body weight loss, increased brain and liver weights, and inhibition of enzyme activities in both lymphocytes and brain tissue. Additionally, histological studies revealed depletion of hepatic glycogen storage and DNA damage in the arsenic-exposed animals. These findings suggest that arsenic disrupts energy metabolism and may contribute to its toxic effects. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University in Fuzhou, China, has investigated the potential hepatoprotective effects of ganoderic acids (GA) loaded zein-chitosan nanoparticles (GA-NPs) on mice with alcoholic liver injury (ALI). The study found that GA-NPs demonstrated high encapsulation efficiency, small particle size, and a positive zeta potential. The experimental results showed that GA-NPs significantly improved liver metabolic function, reduced alcohol-induced liver oxidative stress, and ameliorated intestinal microbiota dysbiosis in mice exposed to alcohol. The study concluded that GA-NPs have stronger hepatoprotective effects than non-encapsulated ganoderic acids on alleviating ALI by regulating intestinal microbiota and liver metabolism. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from the Universidad de Jaen in Spain discusses the importance of inhibiting the hLDHA enzyme in the treatment of cancer and other diseases. The researchers used virtual docking screening to design a new family of ethyl pyrimidine-quinolinecarboxylate derivatives as enhanced hLDHA inhibitors. These inhibitors were synthesized through a convergent pathway and showed promising results in inhibiting hLDHA. Some of the compounds also exhibited selectivity towards the hLDHB isoenzyme. Further research is needed to explore the potential of these inhibitors in the treatment of various diseases. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers from Istanbul Atlas University in Turkey focused on evaluating the clinical findings of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) and pyruvate kinase (PK) deficiency in prolonged neonatal jaundice. The study aimed to determine whether the systemic immune inflammation index (SII), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) could be used in the diagnosis of neonatal prolonged jaundice. The researchers found that NLR and SII can be easily calculated and may contribute to the evaluation and treatment of prolonged jaundice, potentially reducing the need for further tests. The study suggests that these biomarkers could be useful in emergencies and early diagnosis. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted in Telangana, India, aimed to evaluate the role of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) as a biomarker in the progression of potentially malignant disorders in smokers and gutkha chewers. The study included 70 individuals divided into four groups based on their habits. The results showed a significant decrease in LDH-1 and LDH-2 isoenzymes in the saliva of individuals who smoked or chewed gutkha, as well as a significant increase in LDH-4 isoenzyme. Additionally, there was a positive relationship between LDH isoenzymes and buccal micronuclei in smokers and gutkha chewers. The study concluded that there is a significant correlation between the levels of salivary LDH isoenzymes and cytomorphometric analysis of oral epithelium in these individuals. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at the University of Southern Florida explores the role of decidual cells in regulating the expression of 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (HPGD) at the maternal-fetal interface. The study found that HPGD levels were significantly lower in choriodecidua from chorioamnionitis compared to controls. Additionally, the researchers discovered a paracrine mechanism in decidual cells that stimulates trophoblastic HPGD levels, promoting uterine quiescence during pregnancy. However, infectious/inflammatory stimuli in decidual cells can inhibit trophoblastic HPGD expression, potentially contributing to preterm birth. This research has been published in the American Journal of Pathology. [Extracted from the article]

A report from the American University of Beirut Medical Center discusses the diagnostic challenges and outcomes of fatty acid oxidation defects in Lebanon. Fatty acid oxidation defects are rare autosomal recessive disorders with variable clinical manifestations. The study found that most families with these defects were consanguineous (first-degree cousins) and that the majority of patients were diagnosed when clinically symptomatic. The most common defect identified was carnitine transporter deficiency, and the overall survival rate was 75% with treatment. The researchers emphasize the importance of physician awareness and systematic neonatal screening for early detection and improved outcomes. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Yanbian University in Jilin, China have conducted a study on the potential therapeutic effects of arctiin (ARC), a bioactive component of Fructus arctii, in mitigating neuronal injury. The study utilized mouse models of depression and a cell model of neuronal damage to investigate the neuroprotective effects of ARC. The findings suggest that ARC may protect against neuroinflammation and neuronal damage by inhibiting the P2X7 receptor (P2X7R)/NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome signaling pathway. This research provides insights into the potential use of ARC as a treatment for depression and neuroinflammatory conditions. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by researchers at the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences has found that arecoline, an active ingredient in the betel nut, has anti-fatigue effects. The study used a mouse model of central fatigue induced by sleep deprivation and found that arecoline improved grip strength, delayed fatigue onset, and increased swimming endurance in the mice. Arecoline also had positive effects on glucose and lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, neurotransmitter levels, and the Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. These findings suggest that arecoline may have potential in preventing and improving fatigue. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Dalian Ocean University in China investigated the effects of nitrite exposure on American bullfrogs. The study found that exposure to nitrite led to significant increases in certain blood biochemical markers, such as alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase. Additionally, the study observed changes in liver tissue, including inflammation and damage to hepatocytes. These findings highlight the potential harm of nitrite exposure to bullfrogs and can contribute to improved management strategies in bullfrog farming. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at the Cleveland Clinic Foundation examined the performance characteristics of a quantitative glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) assay with automated lysis. The study evaluated the robustness of the operational workflow and established a reference interval for G6PD activity in a population of healthy individuals. The results showed that the G6PD assay with automated lysis is acceptable for patient testing, with good precision and correlation with a reference laboratory method. The study also identified measures to ensure the robustness of the workflow in a hospital laboratory. [Extracted from the article]

According to a preprint abstract from medrxiv.org, researchers have developed a within-host model of primaquine-induced haemolysis in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficient individuals. Primaquine is a drug used to prevent relapses of Plasmodium vivax malaria, but its use is limited due to concerns about haemolysis in G6PD deficient individuals. The study found that primaquine doses of approximately 0.75mg base/kg can reduce the lifespan of deficient erythrocytes by around 30 days in individuals with common Southeast Asian G6PD variants. The researchers predict that a total dose of 5mg/kg primaquine can be safely administered to G6PD deficient individuals over 14 days, resulting in expected drops in haemoglobin levels. However, it is important to note that this preprint has not been peer-reviewed. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by researchers at Ajayi Crowther University aimed to assess the effect of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2-NPs) on the activities of specific glycolytic enzymes in rats. The study involved orally exposing male Wistar rats to different doses of TiO2-NPs for varying durations. The results showed that TiO2-NPs exposure led to disruptions in the glycolytic pathway of energy metabolism, particularly during the initial 4 weeks of exposure. The findings suggest that TiO2-NPs can affect the activity of glycolytic enzymes in lymphocytes, plasma, and the liver. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at the Integral Institute of Medical Sciences and Research in Uttar Pradesh, India, examined the expression of isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) and tumor protein 53 (p53) in patients with high-grade glioma (HGG) and its correlation with clinical prognosis. The study included 34 patients with HGG, and the results showed that p53-positive and IDH1-negative HGG had a significant correlation with a poor outcome. The researchers concluded that IDH1 and p53 are reliable markers for prognostication of HGG. This information may be useful for researchers and medical professionals studying and treating HGG. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at the University of Nebraska Medical Center explores the relationship between alcohol use and neurological disorders. The study suggests that alcohol exposure can induce astrocytic amyloidosis, which is linked to Alzheimer's-like pathology. The researchers found that exposure to ethanol resulted in an increase in markers associated with Alzheimer's disease, oxidative stress, and inflammation. The study also identified a regulatory role of lncRNA BACE1-AS in amyloid generation, alcohol metabolism, and neuroinflammation. These findings may contribute to the development of therapies targeting astrocyte-mediated neurological disorders and cognitive deficits in alcohol users. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by researchers at Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine explores the development of inhibitors for mutant isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (mIDH1), an enzyme overexpressed in various cancers. The study utilizes techniques such as three-dimensional structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR), scaffold hopping, absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion (ADME) prediction, and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to design novel mIDH1 inhibitors. The researchers successfully built 3D-QSAR models with good predictive ability and identified potent inhibitors through MD simulations. The findings provide theoretical guidance for the rational design of new mIDH1 inhibitors. [Extracted from the article]

A report from Fujian Medical University in China provides new data on the prevalence, genotype, and phenotypic features of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency in neonates in Fujian province. The study found that the estimated prevalence of G6PD deficiency in the province was 0.95%, with a significantly higher prevalence among males compared to females. The study also identified the top six prevalent genotypes of G6PD deficiency and found significant differences in enzyme activities among these genotypes. This study provides valuable information for screening, diagnosis, and genetic counseling of G6PD deficiency in Fujian province. [Extracted from the article]

A patent application has been published by the USPTO for a technology that aims to produce acetone and isopropanol from fatty acid feedstocks using recombinant yeasts. The invention, filed by Jose Miguel Laplaza and assigned to Circular Industries Holding Pte Ltd, involves modifying yeasts to express enzymes involved in the conversion of fatty acids into these chemicals. The patent application provides specific sequences for the enzymes and promoters used in the recombinant yeast, as well as an example yeast strain. This technology could offer a renewable and sustainable method for producing acetone and isopropanol. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from the Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology have developed the Cre-cas 2.0 system for evaluating acetoin production in Bacillus subtilis, a type of Gram-positive bacteria. Acetoin is an important compound used in various industries. The researchers used the Cre-cas 2.0 system to inactivate certain metabolic genes and enhance others, resulting in a recombinant strain of B. subtilis that produced 55% more acetoin than the original strain. This research demonstrates the potential for using gene editing techniques to enhance biochemical production in bacteria. [Extracted from the article]

This article discusses the engineering of a probiotic strain of Bacillus subtilis to remove the intestinal toxin acetaldehyde. The researchers identified a stable location for robust enzyme production and demonstrated constitutive gene expression in relevant conditions. They integrated a Cupriavidus necator aldehyde dehydrogenase under a flagellin protein promoter and observed a rapid reduction of acetaldehyde levels after germination in gut simulated conditions. This research has not yet undergone peer review. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at the University of Tsukuba in Japan examined the impact of personalized alcohol-reduction advice based on genetic information on young excessive drinkers. The study found that individuals who received alcohol-reduction instruction based on their genetic information showed significant reductions in alcohol consumption and Adult Alcoholic Beverage Habits Screening Test (AUDIT-C) scores compared to those who received a pamphlet about alcohol. The results suggest that providing personalized guidance on reducing alcohol consumption based on genetic variations can be an effective approach for addressing excessive alcohol consumption. The study highlights the importance of understanding individual genetic differences in alcohol metabolism when consuming alcohol and suggests the need for a system that enables individuals to self-manage their alcohol consumption. [Extracted from the article]

A preprint abstract from biorxiv.org discusses the role of two enzymes, Lactate Dehydrogenase (Ldh) and Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (Gpdh1), in Drosophila larval growth. The study found that the loss of both enzymes leads to a developmental arrest, suggesting their cooperative functions in larval biosynthetic metabolism. The researchers also discovered that the developmental arrest is not solely due to metabolic disruption but is also influenced by changes in systemic growth factor signaling. Specifically, the upregulation of a cytokine called Upd3, involved in the Jak/Stat signaling pathway, was linked to the synthetic lethal phenotype of the double mutant. The study highlights how metabolic disruptions in one tissue can affect interorgan signaling and impact developmental growth. [Extracted from the article]

A preprint abstract from biorxiv.org discusses the role of two enzymes, Lactate Dehydrogenase (Ldh) and Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (Gpdh1), in the larval growth of Drosophila melanogaster. The study found that the loss of both enzymes leads to a developmental arrest in the larvae. The researchers also discovered that this arrest is not solely due to metabolic disruption, but also involves changes in systemic growth factor signaling. Specifically, the upregulation of a cytokine called Upd3, involved in the Jak/Stat signaling pathway, was observed. The study suggests that metabolic disruptions in one tissue can affect interorgan signaling and impact developmental growth. However, it is important to note that this preprint has not yet undergone peer review. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Mahidol University in Bangkok, Thailand conducted a study on acute hemolysis in patients with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. The study included 20 male patients between the ages of 13 and 53. The researchers found that acute hemolysis occurred 2-3 or more days after drug administration in most cases, and the duration of hemoglobinuria ranged from one occasion to 8 days. Azotemia, a condition characterized by high levels of nitrogenous waste in the blood, was observed in 14 out of 18 patients studied. One patient died during the study. The study provides detailed clinical and hematologic data on the patients. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Westchester Medical Center in Valhalla, New York, explored the genetic factors that influence the closure of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in extremely low birth weight infants. The researchers found that prostaglandins and their metabolism play a significant role in the patency or closure of PDA. They also discovered that genetic variants of the hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (HPGD) gene can influence the mode of treatment for PDA in these infants. The study concluded that ELBW infants with PDA who responded to medical closure had significantly decreased urine prostaglandin E metabolite (PGEM) levels. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Mahidol University focused on the quantitative analysis of erythrocyte glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) in Thai subjects. The study found that in 266 males, the distribution of G6PD values showed two distinct groups, but not completely separated. The mean and standard deviation of enzyme values in 191 probably normal males were 397 and 113 units respectively, while in 60 probably deficient males, the values were 51 and 37 respectively. The study concluded that due to the unknown genotypes of female subjects, it was not possible to classify them into normal and deficient groups or conduct statistical analysis. For more information, readers can refer to the original research published in the Siriraj Medical Journal. [Extracted from the article]

A recent preprint study published on biorxiv.org explores the role of the mitochondrial enzyme L-2-hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase (L2HGDH) in Drosophila melanogaster. The study reveals that while L2HGDH is not essential for growth or viability under normal conditions, mutants lacking L2HGDH activity are highly sensitive to hypoxia and experience severe disruptions in mitochondrial metabolism. The researchers also found that the fly renal system, specifically the Malpighian tubules, is a key site of L2HGDH activity. The study suggests that renal L2HGDH activity plays a crucial role in limiting the accumulation of L-2HG, thereby regulating the balance between glycolytic and mitochondrial metabolism and ensuring successful recovery from hypoxia exposure and renal tissue integrity. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by the Faculty of Dentistry aimed to investigate the cell membrane damage caused by resin composite materials on human gingival fibroblasts and neuron cells. The researchers used the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) test method to measure cytotoxicity by detecting the release of LDH, an enzyme that indicates membrane damage or cytolysis. The results showed that certain resin composites, particularly F25, were found to be the most toxic to both gingival fibroblast cells and neuron cells. The study concludes that dental restorative materials can have toxic effects on cell cultures, and the LDH analysis provides valuable information about their toxicity. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU) has found that early diagnosis and treatment of long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (LCHADD) deficiency through newborn screening (NBS) or family history is associated with improved visual outcomes for individuals with the disorder. The study compared visual outcomes among 40 participants with LCHADD or trifunctional protein deficiency who were diagnosed symptomatically versus those diagnosed through NBS or family history. The results showed that participants diagnosed symptomatically had significantly worse visual outcomes compared to those diagnosed through NBS. However, despite early intervention, chorioretinopathy worsened with advancing age, indicating the need for novel treatments. The research was supported by the NIH National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS) and has been published in the Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at the Catholic University of Louvain (UCLouvain) in Brussels, Belgium, has found that infections with the lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus (LDV) can protect mice from developing experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a mouse model of multiple sclerosis (MS). The study showed that LDV infection decreased the presentation of the myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein peptide (MOG35-55) by specific dendritic cells (DC) to autoreactive T lymphocytes, resulting in a suppression of myelin antigen presentation and a protective effect against EAE development. These findings suggest that infections may have a suppressive effect on autoimmune diseases, supporting the hygiene hypothesis. Further research is needed to explore this mechanism in more detail. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by Codexis Inc. in Redwood City, California, explores the use of imine reductases (IREDs) as biocatalysts for the synthesis of chiral amines. The researchers focused on enhancing the imine reductase activity of a glucose dehydrogenase (GDH) through directed evolution. The evolved variant of GDH demonstrated high productivity and achieved 99% conversion over 3 hours. Early process development studies also yielded the desired product with high purity and stereoisomer selectivity. This research has been peer-reviewed and provides valuable insights into the scalable manufacturing of a chiral neprilysin inhibitor precursor. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted in Serbia examined the levels of acylcarnitines (ACs) in dried blood spot samples of healthy newborns. ACs analysis is important for screening fatty acid oxidation disorders (FAOD). The study found that the majority of ACs had a comparable distribution in the Serbian population and worldwide populations. The established and verified set of cut-offs can be used for future screening of various disorders related to carnitine metabolism. [Extracted from the article]

A patent application has been submitted by Ajinomoto Co. Inc. for a method of producing L-amino acids through fermentation using a modified bacterium. L-amino acids are commonly used in seasonings and other industrial applications. The method involves reducing the activity of certain proteins in the bacterium, resulting in improved L-amino acid production. The patent application provides detailed information on the modifications and techniques used in the process. [Extracted from the article]

A meta-analysis conducted in Changsha, People's Republic of China, examined the levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in patients with oral submucous fibrosis (OSF). The study found that both salivary and serum LDH levels were higher in OSF patients compared to healthy controls. This suggests that LDH may serve as a potential biomarker for OSF. The research highlights the importance of understanding the role of LDH in the development and progression of OSF. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Sichuan University in Chengdu, China explored the gene responsible for the synthesis of beta-phenylethanol, the primary flavor compound in Sichuan industrial paocai. The researchers successfully cloned and expressed the gene, known as aryl-alcohol dehydrogenase (AADh1), and characterized its enzymatic properties. The study found that AADh1 exhibited the highest activity at pH 7.0 and 50 degrees C, with the highest stability at pH 8.0 and 25 degrees C. The researchers also used AADh1 to enhance the beta-phenylethanol content in industrial paocai, which improved the flavor of the product. This research has been peer-reviewed and published in Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology. [Extracted from the article]

Arbor Biotechnologies Inc. has been issued a patent for gene editing systems that target the lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) gene. The system involves the use of a Cas12i polypeptide, such as Cas12i2, and an RNA guide to cleave the LDHA gene using the CRISPR nuclease polypeptide. The gene editing system has shown high efficiency and accuracy in editing the LDHA gene. This technology has potential applications in treating primary hyperoxaluria (PH) in individuals. [Extracted from the article]

This article discusses a study led by Dr. Xiaodong Luan and his colleagues at Peking Union Medical College Hospital and Tsinghua University in China. The study focuses on the structural and biochemical mechanisms of ALDH6A1, an enzyme that plays a crucial role in the catabolic pathways of valine and thymine. The researchers identified the tetrameric architecture of ALDH6A1 and its unique binding model with NAD+. They also found that Alda-1, an agonist of another enzyme called ALDH2, enhanced ALDH6A1 activity. These findings could potentially lead to the development of targeted therapies for diseases associated with ALDH6A1 dysregulation. [Extracted from the article]